Computer networking MCQ – Change your future

101. Type of system in which computer allows processing in short interval of time is classified as

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Time sharing.

Exam Relevance: Computer Science Exams, Operating Systems Exams, IT Certification Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Time sharing is a method in computing where a single computer processes multiple tasks by rapidly switching between them, giving the illusion that they are running simultaneously.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse time sharing with multitasking, which is a related but distinct concept.

Explanations: Time sharing allows a computer to process multiple tasks by allocating short intervals of time to each task, creating the appearance of simultaneous processing. This is the correct term for the described system.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Timed sharing is not a standard term in computing and does not accurately describe the system where a computer processes tasks in short intervals.
Option B: Time sharing is the correct term for a system where a computer processes multiple tasks by rapidly switching between them in short intervals.
Option C: Response sharing is not a standard term in computing and does not describe the system where a computer processes tasks in short intervals.
Option D: Multi task sharing is not a standard term in computing and does not accurately describe the system where a computer processes tasks in short intervals.

102. In IPv6, the..... prefix defines the purpose of the address.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Type.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In IPv6, the prefix defines the type of address, which in turn indicates the purpose of the address.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the prefix with the purpose directly, rather than understanding that the prefix defines the type, which then indicates the purpose.

Explanations: The prefix in IPv6 specifies the type of address, such as unicast, multicast, or anycast. This type definition inherently indicates the purpose of the address. For example, a unicast address is used for one-to-one communication, while a multicast address is used for one-to-many communication. Therefore, the prefix defines the type, which in turn defines the purpose.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The prefix defines the type of address, which indicates the purpose.
Option B: Incorrect. The prefix does not directly define the purpose but the type, which then indicates the purpose.
Option C: Incorrect. The prefix only defines the type, not both the type and purpose.
Option D: Incorrect. The prefix does define the type, which indicates the purpose.

Mnemonic: Prefix Type, Purpose Follows

103. In....., the chance of collision can be reduced if a station senses the medium before trying to use it.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) CSMA.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Security

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) is a method used in computer networks to reduce the chance of collisions by allowing a station to sense the medium before transmitting data.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse CSMA with other multiple access methods like FDMA or CDMA, which do not involve sensing the medium before transmission.

Explanations: In CSMA, a station listens to the medium to check if it is free before transmitting data. If the medium is busy, the station waits until it is free. This reduces the chance of collisions, as the station only transmits when it is certain the medium is not in use by another station.

Option Analysis:

Option A: MA (Multiple Access) is a general term and does not specify the method of collision avoidance.
Option B: CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) is the correct answer as it involves sensing the medium before transmission to avoid collisions.
Option C: FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) divides the frequency spectrum into different channels, but does not involve sensing the medium.
Option D: CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) uses unique codes for each user, but does not involve sensing the medium before transmission.

Mnemonic: CSMA: "Carrier Sense, Multiple Access" - "Check, Sense, Multiple Access"

104. Which of the protocol at transport layer provides connection oriented service?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) TCP.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) provides a connection-oriented service, ensuring reliable data transmission by establishing a connection before data transfer.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse UDP (User Datagram Protocol) with TCP, as both are transport layer protocols, but UDP is connectionless.

Explanations: TCP is connection-oriented because it establishes a connection before data transmission. It ensures reliability through mechanisms like error checking, flow control, and retransmission of lost packets. This makes TCP suitable for applications requiring guaranteed delivery, such as web browsing and file transfers.

Option Analysis:

Option A: UDP is connectionless and does not establish a connection before data transmission.
Option B: TCP is connection-oriented and establishes a connection before data transmission.
Option C: IP (Internet Protocol) operates at the network layer and is not connection-oriented.
Option D: IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange) is a legacy protocol and not commonly used in modern networks.

Mnemonic: TCP: Trusty Connection Provider

105. Which of the following is a system used to gather and analyze data in real time?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) SCADA/ICS.

Exam Relevance: CISSP, CompTIA Security+, ISA Certified Control Systems Technician

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: SCADA/ICS stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition/Industrial Control Systems. These systems are designed to gather and analyze data in real time, often used in industrial and infrastructure applications.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse SCADA/ICS with other system architectures like client/server or distributed systems, which do not inherently focus on real-time data gathering and analysis.

Explanations: SCADA/ICS systems are specifically designed to monitor and control industrial processes in real time. They collect data from various sensors and control devices, process this data, and provide real-time feedback and control. This makes SCADA/ICS the correct choice for a system used to gather and analyze data in real time.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Client/server is a model where a client requests services from a server. It does not inherently focus on real-time data gathering and analysis.
Option B: Centralized systems typically have a single point of control, but they do not necessarily focus on real-time data gathering and analysis.
Option C: Distributed systems spread data and processing across multiple nodes, but they do not inherently focus on real-time data gathering and analysis.
Option D: SCADA/ICS is designed for real-time data gathering and analysis, making it the correct choice.

Mnemonic: SCADA: Supervise, Control, Analyze, Data, Acquire

106. The change or lack of change in the level of the voltage determines the value of the bit is known as

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) NRZ-I.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Digital Communication, Data Communication

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: NRZ-I (Non-Return-to-Zero Inverted) is a line code in which the voltage level changes only when a '1' is transmitted, and remains constant for a '0'. The change or lack of change in the voltage level determines the value of the bit.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse NRZ-I with NRZ-L (Non-Return-to-Zero Level), where the voltage level itself represents the bit value, rather than the change in voltage.

Explanations: In NRZ-I, the voltage level changes for a '1' and remains constant for a '0'. This means that the change or lack of change in the voltage level is used to determine the value of the bit. This is different from NRZ-L, where the voltage level itself represents the bit value. Therefore, the correct answer is NRZ-I.

Option Analysis:

Option A: NRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero) does not specify the method of determining bit values based on voltage changes.
Option B: NRZ-L (Non-Return-to-Zero Level) uses the voltage level itself to represent the bit value, not the change in voltage.
Option C: NRZ-I (Non-Return-to-Zero Inverted) uses the change or lack of change in the voltage level to determine the bit value.
Option D: RZ (Return-to-Zero) returns the signal to zero between bit intervals, which is not relevant to the change in voltage determining the bit value.

107. A connectionless communication of Internet is established at

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Network Layer.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, CCNA, CISSP

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In the context of Internet communication, a connectionless communication is established at the Network Layer. This layer is responsible for routing packets from the source to the destination without establishing a dedicated path.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the Network Layer with the Transport Layer, which is responsible for end-to-end communication and can establish a connection-oriented service.

Explanations: The Network Layer is where connectionless communication is established because it handles the routing of packets independently. Each packet is treated separately, and there is no need to establish a dedicated path before sending data. This contrasts with connection-oriented services, which require a setup phase to establish a dedicated path before data transmission.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The Data Link Layer is responsible for node-to-node delivery and does not handle connectionless communication at the Internet level.
Option B: The Network Layer is the correct choice as it is responsible for routing packets independently, which is characteristic of connectionless communication.
Option C: The Physical Layer deals with the transmission of raw bit streams over a physical medium and does not handle connectionless communication.
Option D: The Transport Layer is responsible for end-to-end communication and can establish a connection-oriented service, not connectionless communication.

108. In unicast communication, there is one source and

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) One destination.

Exam Relevance: Networking Fundamentals, CCNA, Computer Networks

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In unicast communication, data is sent from a single source to a single destination.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse unicast with multicast or broadcast, where multiple destinations are involved.

Explanations: Unicast communication is characterized by a one-to-one relationship between the source and the destination. This means that the data packet is addressed to a single recipient, ensuring that only the intended destination receives the data.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Unicast communication involves one source and one destination.
Option B: Incorrect. Unicast does not involve two destinations.
Option C: Incorrect. Unicast does not involve multiple destinations.
Option D: Incorrect. Unicast communication always has a destination.

Mnemonic: One-to-One, Unicast

109. Unicast, any cast and multicast are addresses of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) IPv6.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: IPv6 introduced new addressing schemes including unicast, anycast, and multicast to improve network efficiency and scalability.

Common Mistakes: Students may incorrectly assume that unicast, anycast, and multicast are also part of IPv4, as IPv4 also supports unicast and multicast, but not anycast.

Explanations: IPv6 introduced a more comprehensive addressing scheme that includes unicast, anycast, and multicast. Unicast addresses are used for one-to-one communication, multicast addresses for one-to-many communication, and anycast addresses for one-to-nearest communication. While IPv4 supports unicast and multicast, it does not support anycast in the same way IPv6 does. Therefore, the correct answer is IPv6.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, as IPv4 does not support anycast in the same way IPv6 does.
Option B: Correct, as IPv6 supports unicast, anycast, and multicast addressing.
Option C: Incorrect, as IPv4 does not support anycast in the same way IPv6 does.
Option D: Incorrect, as IPv6 does support these addressing schemes.

110. In the slow start phase of the TCP congestion control algorith, M the size of the congestion window

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Increases exponentially.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, CCNA, Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In the slow start phase of TCP congestion control, the congestion window size increases exponentially.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the slow start phase with the congestion avoidance phase, where the window size increases linearly.

Explanations: During the slow start phase, the congestion window size doubles after each acknowledgment is received. This doubling effect results in an exponential increase in the window size. The exponential growth continues until the window size reaches the slow start threshold or a congestion event occurs.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The congestion window does increase during the slow start phase, so this option is incorrect.
Option B: The congestion window increases exponentially, not linearly, during the slow start phase.
Option C: The congestion window does not increase quadratically; it increases exponentially.
Option D: The congestion window size doubles after each acknowledgment, leading to an exponential increase.

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 11

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