Computer networking MCQ

1201. The protocol used in ETHERNET?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) CSMA/CD.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, CCNA, CISSP

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: CSMA/CD stands for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection. It is the protocol used in Ethernet networks to manage data transmission and detect collisions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse CSMA/CD with other multiple access protocols like ALOHA or think that Ethernet uses a simple binary countdown mechanism.

Explanations: CSMA/CD is the correct protocol used in Ethernet networks. It ensures that multiple devices can share the same communication channel without interference. When a device wants to send data, it first listens to the channel to check if it is free. If the channel is free, the device transmits the data. If two devices transmit simultaneously, a collision occurs, and the devices detect this collision and stop transmitting. They then wait for a random period before attempting to transmit again.

Option Analysis:

Option A: ALOHA is a multiple access protocol but is not used in Ethernet. It is more commonly associated with wireless networks.
Option B: Binary Count down is not a standard protocol used in Ethernet. It is a concept that may be confused with the backoff algorithm used in CSMA/CD but is not the protocol itself.
Option C: CSMA/CD is the correct protocol used in Ethernet networks to manage data transmission and detect collisions.
Option D: Multiple Access Protocol is a broad term and does not specify the exact protocol used in Ethernet, which is CSMA/CD.

1202. This transmission media uses physical connection to create a network

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Wired transmission media.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, ITIL Foundation

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Wired transmission media refers to physical cables used to transmit data in a network.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse wired transmission media with specific types of cables like fiber optic or copper wire, rather than understanding it as a broader category.

Explanations: Wired transmission media includes any physical medium that can carry data signals, such as copper wires and fiber optic cables. It is the correct answer because it encompasses the use of physical connections to create a network, which is the key aspect of the question.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Fiber Optic cable is a specific type of wired transmission media, not the broader category.
Option B: Copper Wire is another specific type of wired transmission media, not the broader category.
Option C: Wired transmission media is the correct answer as it refers to the general category of physical cables used for data transmission.
Option D: Wired Communication device refers to devices that use wired transmission media, not the media itself.

1203. TCP has segments, while Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) has

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Packet.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, CCNA, CISSP

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) uses packets for data transmission, similar to TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) which uses segments.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse SCTP with TCP and think that SCTP uses segments instead of packets.

Explanations: SCTP is a transport layer protocol that uses packets for data transmission. While TCP uses segments, SCTP uses packets to ensure reliable and ordered delivery of data. The term "packet" in SCTP refers to the unit of data that is transmitted over the network.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Frames are typically used in the data link layer, not in the transport layer protocols like SCTP.
Option B: Slots are not a term used in SCTP for data transmission.
Option C: Packets are the correct term used in SCTP for data transmission.
Option D: Path Slots are not a term used in SCTP for data transmission.

1204. IMAP protocol is usually used at:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Web based email programs.

Exam Relevance: CISSP, CompTIA Security+, Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) is a standard protocol used by email clients to retrieve email messages from a mail server. It allows users to access their emails from multiple devices and keeps the emails synchronized across all devices.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that IMAP is primarily used for desktop applications, as it is often associated with email clients. However, IMAP is also widely used in web-based email programs to provide a consistent and synchronized email experience.

Explanations: IMAP is designed to keep email messages on the server, allowing users to access their emails from multiple devices. Web-based email programs, such as Gmail or Yahoo Mail, use IMAP to provide a seamless and synchronized email experience across different devices and platforms. This makes web-based email programs a common use case for IMAP.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Outlook program typically uses POP3 or IMAP, but it is not exclusively a web-based program.
Option B: Web-based email programs use IMAP to synchronize emails across multiple devices.
Option C: Databases are not directly related to email protocols like IMAP.
Option D: Desktop applications can use IMAP, but the question specifically asks for the most common use, which is web-based email programs.

1205. SAR sublayer of AAL 3/4 has header and trailer consist of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Five fields.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Engineering

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The SAR (Segmentation and Reassembly) sublayer of AAL 3/4 is responsible for segmenting and reassembling data for transmission over ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) networks. The header and trailer in SAR consist of five fields.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the number of fields in the SAR sublayer with other ATM sublayers or protocols, leading to incorrect answers.

Explanations: The SAR sublayer of AAL 3/4 includes a header and trailer that consist of five fields. These fields are crucial for the proper segmentation and reassembly of data packets in ATM networks. The fields include information necessary for the correct handling and transmission of data segments.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, as the SAR sublayer does not consist of six fields.
Option B: Correct, as the SAR sublayer consists of five fields.
Option C: Incorrect, as the SAR sublayer does not consist of four fields.
Option D: Incorrect, as the SAR sublayer does not consist of three fields.

1206. Which statement describes a characteristic of cloud computing?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Applications can be accessed over the internet by individual users or business using any device, anywhere in the world.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Cloud+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Cloud computing allows users to access applications and services over the internet, independent of the device or location.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse cloud computing with other internet technologies, such as direct internet access or wired connections.

Explanations: Cloud computing is characterized by the ability to access applications and services over the internet. This means that users can access these applications from any device with an internet connection, regardless of their physical location. This aligns with the description in option B, which correctly identifies the key feature of cloud computing.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option describes direct internet access, which is not a characteristic of cloud computing.
Option B: This option correctly describes a key characteristic of cloud computing.
Option C: This option describes a method of internet connection, not a characteristic of cloud computing.
Option D: This option suggests that significant infrastructure investment is required, which is not true for cloud computing, as it is designed to reduce the need for local infrastructure.

Mnemonic: Clouds float, apps roam.

1207. Data is exchanged in both directions in

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) TCP.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a connection-oriented protocol that ensures reliable data transmission by establishing a connection before data transfer and maintaining it for the duration of the communication.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse TCP with UDP, which is connectionless and does not guarantee data delivery.

Explanations: TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that establishes a reliable connection between two endpoints before data transmission. This connection allows for bidirectional data exchange, ensuring that data is sent and received in a reliable and ordered manner. UDP, on the other hand, is connectionless and does not guarantee data delivery or order. ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is used for error reporting and diagnostics, and IP (Internet Protocol) is responsible for addressing and routing packets but does not ensure bidirectional communication.

Option Analysis:

Option A: UDP is connectionless and does not guarantee bidirectional data exchange.
Option B: TCP is connection-oriented and ensures bidirectional data exchange.
Option C: ICMP is used for error reporting and diagnostics, not for data exchange.
Option D: IP is responsible for addressing and routing packets but does not ensure bidirectional communication.

Mnemonic: TCP: Two-Way Connection Protocol

1208. A cable made up of glass fibers that transmit data extremely fast.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Fiber optic.

Exam Relevance: AP Computer Science Principles, SAT Subject Test in Physics

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Fiber optic cables use thin strands of glass or plastic to transmit data using light, which allows for extremely fast data transmission.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse fiber optic cables with coaxial cables, which use copper wire and a plastic coating to transmit data.

Explanations: Fiber optic cables are made of glass fibers that transmit data using light, which travels at very high speeds. This makes them ideal for high-speed data transmission. Coaxial cables, Ethernet, and Cat-6 cables use electrical signals over copper wires, which are slower compared to light-based transmission.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Coaxial cables use copper wire and are not as fast as fiber optic cables.
Option B: Fiber optic cables use light to transmit data, making them the fastest option.
Option C: Ethernet cables use copper wires and are not as fast as fiber optic cables.
Option D: Cat-6 cables are a type of Ethernet cable and use copper wires, which are slower than fiber optic cables.

1209. Find the distance from source A to destination D using Dijkstra algorithm.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) 10.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GATE, ACM ICPC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Dijkstra's algorithm finds the shortest path from a source node to all other nodes in a graph. The algorithm iteratively selects the unvisited node with the smallest known distance, updates the distances of its neighbors, and marks the node as visited.

Common Mistakes: Students often make mistakes by not correctly updating the distances of neighboring nodes or by prematurely concluding the shortest path without considering all possible routes.

Explanations: To find the distance from source A to destination D using Dijkstra's algorithm, we start at A and iteratively update the distances to neighboring nodes. The algorithm ensures that once a node is marked as visited, its shortest path from the source is finalized. By following the steps of the algorithm, the shortest path from A to D is found to be 10.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This is the correct answer as the shortest path from A to D is 10.
Option B: This option is incorrect as the shortest path is not 11.
Option C: This option is incorrect as the shortest path is not 12.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the shortest path is not 14.

1210. Which of the following is a wrong example of network layer?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) X.25 level 2-ISO.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The network layer is responsible for the delivery of packets from the source host to the destination host across multiple networks. It includes protocols like IP, X.25 Packet Level Protocol (PLP), and source routing and domain naming in USENet. X.25 level 2, however, is a data link layer protocol, not a network layer protocol.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse X.25 level 2 with the network layer because X.25 is often associated with networking protocols. However, X.25 level 2 specifically operates at the data link layer.

Explanations: X.25 is a set of protocols for wide area networks (WANs) and includes three layers: physical layer, data link layer, and packet layer. X.25 level 2 refers to the data link layer, which is responsible for error-free transmission of data frames between adjacent network nodes. The network layer, on the other hand, is responsible for routing packets across different networks. Therefore, X.25 level 2 is not a network layer protocol, making option D incorrect.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Internet Protocol (IP) is a network layer protocol used in ARPANET, making this a correct example.
Option B: X.25 Packet Level Protocol (PLP) is a network layer protocol in the ISO model, making this a correct example.
Option C: Source routing and domain naming are network layer functions used in USENet, making this a correct example.
Option D: X.25 level 2 is a data link layer protocol, not a network layer protocol, making this an incorrect example.

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 121

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