Computer networking MCQ

1221. The duration of time it takes to send a message from one end of a network to the other and back is called

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Round Trip Time (RTT).

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Engineering

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Round Trip Time (RTT) is the time it takes for a message to travel from the sender to the receiver and back to the sender.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse RTT with other network performance metrics like latency or throughput.

Explanations: The duration of time it takes to send a message from one end of a network to the other and back is known as Round Trip Time (RTT). This term is widely used in network performance analysis and is crucial for understanding the efficiency of data transmission in a network.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. RTT is the correct term for the time it takes for a message to travel to the destination and back.
Option B: Incorrect. Full Duplex Time (FDT) is not a standard term in network performance metrics.
Option C: Incorrect. Circle Trip Time (CTT) is not a recognized term in network performance metrics.
Option D: Incorrect. Data Travelling Time (DTT) is not a standard term used to describe the round trip of a message in a network.

1222. What protocols are used to configure trunking on a switch? 1. VLAN Trunking Protocol 2. VLAN 3. 802.1Q 4. ISL

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) 3 and 4.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, Cisco Certified Network Associate

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Trunking on a switch is configured using specific protocols that allow multiple VLANs to be transmitted over a single link. The protocols used for this purpose are 802.1Q and ISL.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) with trunking protocols. VTP is used for VLAN management and configuration consistency across switches, not for trunking itself.

Explanations: 802.1Q and ISL are the protocols used to configure trunking on a switch. 802.1Q is an IEEE standard that tags frames with VLAN information, allowing multiple VLANs to be transmitted over a single link. ISL is a Cisco proprietary protocol that also encapsulates frames with VLAN information. VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is not a trunking protocol but a management protocol for VLANs. VLAN itself is a concept, not a protocol.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is not a trunking protocol, and VLAN is a concept, not a protocol.
Option B: Correct because 802.1Q and ISL are the protocols used for trunking.
Option C: Incorrect because VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is not a trunking protocol.
Option D: Incorrect because VLAN is a concept, not a protocol.

Mnemonic: 802.1Q - "Queue" for tagging, ISL - "Intricate Switch Link"

1223. The carrier wave is a.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Sine wave.

Exam Relevance: GATE, ECE, EE

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The carrier wave is a fundamental component in communication systems, used to transmit information over long distances. It is typically a continuous wave that can be modulated to carry the information signal.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the carrier wave with other trigonometric functions, such as tangent or cotangent, which are not commonly used as carrier waves in communication systems.

Explanations: The carrier wave is a sine wave because it is a continuous, periodic wave that can be easily modulated to carry information. Sine waves are ideal for this purpose due to their smooth and predictable nature, making them suitable for both amplitude and frequency modulation.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A tangent wave is not suitable for a carrier wave because it is not continuous and has discontinuities, making it unsuitable for modulation.
Option B: A cosecant wave is not used as a carrier wave because it is not a continuous wave and has undefined points, making it impractical for modulation.
Option C: A sine wave is the correct choice because it is continuous, periodic, and can be easily modulated to carry information.
Option D: A cotangent wave is not suitable for a carrier wave because it is not continuous and has discontinuities, making it unsuitable for modulation.

Mnemonic: Sine waves are "smooth and steady," making them ideal for carrier waves.

1224. Which of the following TCP/IP protocol is used for remote terminal connection service?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) TELNET.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: TELNET is a protocol used for remote terminal connection services, allowing users to connect to a remote host and interact with it as if they were directly connected to it.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse TELNET with FTP, which is used for file transfer, or RARP, which is used for address resolution.

Explanations: TELNET is specifically designed for remote terminal connections, enabling users to log into a remote system and execute commands as if they were directly connected to the system. FTP is used for file transfer, RARP is used for address resolution, and UDP is a transport layer protocol that does not provide the necessary services for remote terminal connections.

Option Analysis:

Option A: TELNET is the correct protocol for remote terminal connections.
Option B: FTP is used for file transfer, not remote terminal connections.
Option C: RARP is used for address resolution, not remote terminal connections.
Option D: UDP is a transport layer protocol and does not provide remote terminal connection services.

1225. Which one of the following is not an application layer protocol used in internet?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Resource reservation protocol.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The question tests the understanding of application layer protocols in the Internet Protocol Suite.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) with an application layer protocol, as it is often associated with Quality of Service (QoS) in networking.

Explanations: The Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) is not an application layer protocol. It operates at the transport layer and is used for reserving resources across a network. Application layer protocols include Remote Procedure Call (RPC), Internet Relay Chat (IRC), and File Transfer Protocol (FTP), which directly provide services to end-users.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Remote procedure call (RPC) is an application layer protocol used for inter-process communication.
Option B: Internet relay chat (IRC) is an application layer protocol used for real-time text messaging.
Option C: Resource reservation protocol (RSVP) is not an application layer protocol; it operates at the transport layer.
Option D: File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is an application layer protocol used for transferring files between hosts on a network.

1226. Routers operate at which layer of the OSI model?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Network.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Routers operate at the Network layer of the OSI model, which is responsible for logical addressing and routing of data packets.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse routers with switches, which operate at the Data link layer.

Explanations: Routers are devices that operate at the Network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model. This layer is responsible for logical addressing and routing of data packets between different networks. Routers use IP addresses to determine the best path for data to travel across networks, making them essential for inter-network communication.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The Physical layer (Layer 1) deals with the physical transmission of data, such as voltage levels, cable specifications, and physical connectors. Routers do not operate at this layer.
Option B: The Network layer (Layer 3) is responsible for logical addressing and routing of data packets. Routers operate at this layer.
Option C: The Transport layer (Layer 4) is responsible for end-to-end communication and error recovery. Routers do not operate at this layer.
Option D: The Data link layer (Layer 2) deals with physical addressing and network topology. Routers do not operate at this layer.

Mnemonic: Remember: Routers Route at Layer 3.

1227. The technique of.....refers to a congestion control mechanism in which a congested node stops receiving data from the immediate upstream node or nodes.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Backpressure.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Engineering

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Backpressure is a congestion control mechanism where a congested node stops receiving data from the immediate upstream node or nodes.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse backpressure with choke packets, which are used to signal congestion downstream rather than stopping data flow upstream.

Explanations: Backpressure is a mechanism used in network congestion control where a congested node stops receiving data from the immediate upstream node or nodes. This technique helps prevent further congestion by halting the flow of incoming data, allowing the congested node to manage its current load more effectively. The other options do not describe this specific mechanism.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Backpressure stops data flow from upstream nodes to manage congestion.
Option B: Incorrect. Choke packets signal congestion downstream, not stop data flow upstream.
Option C: Incorrect. Implicit signaling involves indirect methods of indicating congestion, not stopping data flow.
Option D: Incorrect. Explicit signaling involves direct methods of indicating congestion, not stopping data flow.

1228. What is the advantage of STP cable over UTP cable?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) STP cable is less susceptible to EMI and other interference than UTP.

Exam Relevance: Network+, CCNA, CompTIA A+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cable has a metallic shield that reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI) and crosstalk, making it more reliable in environments with high interference.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the physical properties of STP and UTP cables, such as size and flexibility, with their performance characteristics.

Explanations: STP cable includes a metallic shield that surrounds the twisted pairs, which effectively reduces the impact of external electromagnetic interference. This shielding makes STP cable more suitable for environments with high levels of EMI, such as industrial settings or areas with numerous electronic devices. In contrast, Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable lacks this shielding, making it more susceptible to interference.

Option Analysis:

Option A: STP cable is not necessarily smaller or more flexible than UTP cable. The size and flexibility depend on the specific cable construction and gauge.
Option B: STP cable is less susceptible to EMI and other interference due to its metallic shielding, which is the correct reason for its advantage over UTP.
Option C: STP cable is generally more expensive to deploy than UTP cable due to the additional shielding and manufacturing costs.
Option D: Attenuation is not significantly different between STP and UTP cables; the primary advantage of STP is its resistance to EMI.

Mnemonic: Shielded Twisted Pair: Shielded = Shielded from EMI

1229. Transmission from Earth to satellite is called the

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Up-link.

Exam Relevance: GATE, GRE, GMAT, JE

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The transmission from Earth to a satellite is known as the up-link.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse up-link with down-link, which is the transmission from the satellite back to Earth.

Explanations: The term "up-link" refers to the process of sending signals from a ground station on Earth to a satellite in space. This is the correct term because the signal travels upward from the Earth to the satellite.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Up-link is the transmission from Earth to a satellite.
Option B: Incorrect. Down-link is the transmission from a satellite to Earth.
Option C: Incorrect. Low-link is not a standard term in satellite communication.
Option D: Incorrect. High-link is not a standard term in satellite communication.

1230. RPC (remote procedure call) is used to

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Both a and b.

Exam Relevance: Computer Science, Network Engineering, Distributed Systems

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Remote Procedure Call (RPC) is a protocol that allows a computer program to cause a procedure (or function) to execute in another address space (commonly on another computer on a shared network) without the programmer explicitly coding the details for this remote interaction.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that RPC is only used for establishing a server on a remote machine, overlooking its capability to retrieve information by calling a query.

Explanations: RPC is used to establish a server on a remote machine that can respond to queries (Option A) and to retrieve information by calling a query (Option B). Both functionalities are integral to the concept of RPC, making the correct answer both A and B.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Establishing a server on a remote machine that can respond to queries is a valid use of RPC.
Option B: Retrieving information by calling a query is also a valid use of RPC.
Option C: Both A and B are correct, as RPC can be used for both establishing a server and retrieving information.
Option D: This option is incorrect as both A and B are valid uses of RPC.

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 123

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