Computer networking MCQ – Change your future

231. ISN stands for

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Initial sequence number.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: ISN stands for Initial Sequence Number, which is a term used in computer networking, particularly in the context of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) connections.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse ISN with other similar acronyms, such as Initial Slot Number or Initial Source Number, which are not related to TCP sequence numbers.

Explanations: In TCP, the Initial Sequence Number (ISN) is a 32-bit integer used to initialize the sequence number field in the TCP header. It is used to ensure that packets are delivered in the correct order and to prevent old packets from being accepted in a new connection. The ISN is chosen randomly for each new connection to avoid predictability and enhance security.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Initial slot number is not a standard term in TCP/IP networking.
Option B: Initial string number is not a standard term in TCP/IP networking.
Option C: Initial sequence number is the correct term used in TCP/IP networking.
Option D: Initial source number is not a standard term in TCP/IP networking.

232. IPv6 has large address

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Space.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: IPv6 has a significantly larger address space compared to IPv4, allowing for a much greater number of unique IP addresses.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the term "space" with "protocol" or "link," which are related to networking but do not refer to the size of the address range.

Explanations: IPv6 was designed to address the limitations of IPv4, particularly the shortage of available IP addresses. The address space in IPv6 is 128 bits, which is vastly larger than the 32-bit address space of IPv4. This larger address space allows for a nearly unlimited number of unique IP addresses, which is essential for the growing number of devices connected to the internet.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Protocol refers to the set of rules governing communication between devices, not the size of the address range.
Option B: Link refers to the physical or logical connection between devices, not the size of the address range.
Option C: Space refers to the size of the address range, which is significantly larger in IPv6 compared to IPv4.
Option D: Stations refer to the devices or nodes in a network, not the size of the address range.

233. In PPP, ..... is a three-way hand-shaking authentication protocol in which the password is kept secret; it is never sent online.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) CHAP.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol) is a three-way handshake authentication protocol used in PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) that ensures the password is never sent over the network.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse CHAP with PAP (Password Authentication Protocol), which sends the password in plain text.

Explanations: CHAP is a secure authentication protocol used in PPP. It uses a three-way handshake process where the password is never transmitted over the network. Instead, a challenge-response mechanism is used to verify the identity of the peer. This makes CHAP more secure than PAP, which sends the password in plain text.

Option Analysis:

Option A: NCP (Network Control Protocol) is not an authentication protocol; it is used for establishing and configuring different network layer protocols over a PPP link.
Option B: LCP (Link Control Protocol) is responsible for establishing, configuring, and testing data-link connections, not for authentication.
Option C: CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol) is the correct answer as it is a three-way handshake authentication protocol that keeps the password secret.
Option D: PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) is not the correct answer because it sends the password in plain text, which is less secure than CHAP.

Mnemonic: C for CHAP, C for Challenge, C for Confidential.

234. What does the Link Layer of a protocol stack do?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Controls sending/receiving packets of data to the local network.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The Link Layer, also known as the Data Link Layer, is responsible for the transmission and reception of data packets over a local network.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that the Link Layer only handles sending or only handles receiving, but it actually manages both.

Explanations: The Link Layer is responsible for the reliable transfer of data packets between devices on the same local network. It ensures that data packets are correctly sent and received, handling tasks such as error detection and correction, flow control, and media access control. This layer is crucial for the proper functioning of local network communication.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The Link Layer controls both sending and receiving packets of data to the local network.
Option B: Incorrect. This option only mentions sending packets, which is incomplete.
Option C: Incorrect. This option only mentions receiving packets, which is incomplete.
Option D: Incorrect. The Link Layer is indeed a Layer in a protocol stack.

235. Data can be transmitted through metal cable in the form of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Varying current.

Exam Relevance: AP Physics, SAT Subject Tests, GCE A-Level

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Data transmission through metal cables typically involves the use of electrical signals.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse data transmission methods, such as optical fibers, with metal cables.

Explanations: Data can be transmitted through metal cables in the form of varying current. This is because metal cables are conductive and can carry electrical signals that represent the data. The varying current can be modulated to encode information, allowing for the transmission of data over the cable.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Pulses of light are used in optical fibers, not metal cables.
Option B: Varying current is the correct method for data transmission through metal cables.
Option C: A piece of paper is not a method of data transmission through cables.
Option D: This option is incorrect as varying current is a valid method.

236. Ping can

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of the mentioned.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The ping utility is used to test network connectivity and can measure round-trip time, report packet loss, and report latency.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the comprehensive nature of ping and only consider one of its functions.

Explanations: Ping is a network utility that sends ICMP Echo Request packets to a specified host and measures the time it takes for a response to be received. This utility can measure the round-trip time, which is the time it takes for a packet to travel to the destination and back. It can also report packet loss by indicating the number of packets that did not receive a response. Additionally, ping can report latency, which is the delay before a data transfer begins following an instruction for its transfer. Therefore, all the mentioned functions are correct.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Ping can measure round-trip time, which is correct.
Option B: Ping can report packet loss, which is correct.
Option C: Ping can report latency, which is correct.
Option D: All of the mentioned functions are correct, making this the comprehensive answer.

237. Techniques commonly used to implement flow control beyond simple

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Handshaking.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communication, Telecommunication Engineering

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Flow control techniques beyond simple methods often involve handshaking, which is a method of communication between two devices to ensure data is transmitted correctly and efficiently.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse handshaking with other protocols or methods, such as communication protocols, which are broader in scope and not specifically focused on flow control.

Explanations: Handshaking is a technique used in data communication to synchronize the sender and receiver, ensuring that data is transmitted without errors. It involves a series of messages exchanged between the sender and receiver to establish and maintain the connection. This method is essential for implementing flow control, as it allows the sender to adjust the rate of data transmission based on the receiver's capacity to process the data.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Communication protocol is a broader term that encompasses various methods of data transmission, not specifically focused on flow control.
Option B: Telecommunication protocol is also a broad term that includes various methods of communication over telecommunication networks, not specifically focused on flow control.
Option C: Cell protocol is specific to cellular networks and does not directly relate to flow control techniques.
Option D: Handshaking is a specific technique used to implement flow control by synchronizing the sender and receiver.

238. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is going from one station in a BSS to another without passing through the distribution syste, M the address flag is.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) 00.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Wireless Communication, IEEE 802.11 Standards

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In IEEE 802.11, the address flag in the frame control field indicates the type of addressing used in the frame. When a frame is transmitted within a Basic Service Set (BSS) without passing through the distribution system, the address flag is set to 00.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the address flag values with other frame control field values or with the addressing used in different network topologies.

Explanations: The address flag in the frame control field of an IEEE 802.11 frame is set to 00 when the frame is transmitted within a Basic Service Set (BSS) without passing through the distribution system. This indicates that the frame is being sent directly between two stations within the same BSS, without involving any external network infrastructure.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The address flag is 00 for frames transmitted within a BSS without passing through the distribution system.
Option B: Incorrect. The address flag is not 1 for this scenario.
Option C: Incorrect. The address flag is not 10 for this scenario.
Option D: Incorrect. The address flag is not 11 for this scenario.

239. In a block, the mask is 255.255.192.0; what is the prefix length?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) /18.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The prefix length is determined by the number of consecutive 1s in the binary representation of the subnet mask.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the number of 1s in the subnet mask with the number of 0s, leading to incorrect prefix lengths.

Explanations: The subnet mask 255.255.192.0 in binary is 11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000. Counting the number of consecutive 1s gives us 18, which corresponds to the prefix length /18.

Option Analysis:

Option A: /20 is incorrect because it would correspond to a subnet mask with 20 consecutive 1s, which is not the case here.
Option B: /28 is incorrect because it would correspond to a subnet mask with 28 consecutive 1s, which is not the case here.
Option C: /18 is correct because it corresponds to the number of consecutive 1s in the binary representation of the subnet mask 255.255.192.0.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect because /18 is the correct prefix length for the given subnet mask.

240. What switch is NOT alble to do:(only one answer is correct)

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Connect to ISP.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, Network+, CompTIA A+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A switch is a networking device that connects multiple devices on a network and forwards data packets to the appropriate destination. However, a switch does not have the capability to connect directly to an Internet Service Provider (ISP).

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that a switch can connect directly to an ISP because it can connect multiple devices on a network.

Explanations: A switch is designed to connect multiple devices within a local network and manage traffic between them. It does not have the functionality to establish a connection to an ISP, which requires a router or a modem. A router is specifically designed to connect to an ISP and manage external network traffic.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A switch can connect more than two computers on a network.
Option B: A switch can connect a printer to the network.
Option C: A switch cannot connect directly to an ISP.
Option D: A switch can connect to a router.

Mnemonic: Switches Switch, Not ISP

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 24

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