Computer networking MCQ – Change your future

321. In IPv4 datagra, M padding is added if size of a datagram is less than

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) 46 Bytes.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In IPv4, the minimum size of a datagram is 46 bytes. If the datagram is smaller than this, padding is added to ensure the datagram meets the minimum size requirement.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the minimum size with other values, such as the header size or the maximum size of the datagram.

Explanations: The minimum size of an IPv4 datagram is 46 bytes. This includes the 20-byte header and at least 26 bytes of data. If the data portion is less than 26 bytes, padding is added to ensure the total size is at least 46 bytes. Therefore, padding is added if the datagram size is less than 46 bytes.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Padding is added if the datagram size is less than 46 bytes.
Option B: Incorrect. 45 bytes is not the correct threshold for padding.
Option C: Incorrect. 50 bytes is not the correct threshold for padding.
Option D: Incorrect. 48 bytes is not the correct threshold for padding.

322. Wireless transmission media

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Wifi.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Computer Science Principles

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Wireless transmission media refers to technologies that allow data to be transmitted without the use of physical cables.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse wireless transmission media with specific devices or services that use wireless technology, such as hotspots or modems.

Explanations: WiFi is a wireless technology that allows devices to connect to the internet or communicate with each other without the need for physical cables. It is a form of wireless transmission media, making it the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. WiFi is a wireless transmission media that allows devices to connect to the internet or communicate with each other without cables.
Option B: Incorrect. A hotspot is a physical location where WiFi access is provided, not a wireless transmission media itself.
Option C: Incorrect. Share-it is a file-sharing application and not a wireless transmission media.
Option D: Incorrect. A modem is a device that converts digital signals to analog signals for transmission over telephone lines, not a wireless transmission media.

323. Which is more suitable for smaller networks?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Peer-to-Peer Servers.

Exam Relevance: CompTIA Network+, CCNA, IT Essentials

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks are simpler and more suitable for smaller networks because they do not require dedicated servers.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Peer-to-Peer networks with Client-Server networks, which require a central server to manage resources.

Explanations: Peer-to-Peer networks allow each device to act as both a client and a server, sharing resources directly. This makes them ideal for smaller networks where the overhead of a dedicated server is unnecessary. In contrast, LAN servers, Client-Server models, and Minecraft servers typically require more infrastructure and are better suited for larger networks.

Option Analysis:

Option A: LAN Servers are more complex and require dedicated hardware, making them less suitable for smaller networks.
Option B: Peer-to-Peer Servers are simpler and do not require a dedicated server, making them ideal for smaller networks.
Option C: Client Servers require a central server to manage resources, which is more complex and not ideal for smaller networks.
Option D: Minecraft Servers are specialized and require dedicated hardware, making them unsuitable for general small network use.

Mnemonic: P2P: Peer-to-Peer, Perfect for Petite Networks

324. In....., the frequency of the carrier signal is varied to represent data. Both peak amplitude and phase remain constant.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) FSK.

Exam Relevance: GATE, ECE, EE, Communications Engineering

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) is a modulation technique where the frequency of the carrier signal is varied to represent data. In FSK, the peak amplitude and phase of the carrier signal remain constant.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse FSK with other modulation techniques like Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) or Phase Shift Keying (PSK), where the amplitude or phase, respectively, are varied to represent data.

Explanations: In Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), the frequency of the carrier signal is varied to represent binary data. For example, a high frequency might represent a binary '1' and a low frequency might represent a binary '0'. The peak amplitude and phase of the carrier signal remain constant throughout the transmission. This modulation technique is used in various communication systems, including digital radio and computer networks.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) varies the amplitude of the carrier signal to represent data, not the frequency.
Option B: Phase Shift Keying (PSK) varies the phase of the carrier signal to represent data, not the frequency.
Option C: Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) varies the frequency of the carrier signal to represent data, with constant amplitude and phase.
Option D: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) varies both the amplitude and phase of the carrier signal to represent data, not just the frequency.

325. Which of these is an advantage of running a private server?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Better security and performance.

Exam Relevance: CISSP, CompTIA Security+, Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Running a private server can offer enhanced security and performance compared to public servers.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the benefits of a private server with the ease of setup or cost savings, which are not typically the primary advantages.

Explanations: A private server allows for greater control over security measures and can be optimized for specific performance needs, leading to better security and performance. This is because the server resources are dedicated and not shared with other users, reducing the risk of security breaches and ensuring consistent performance.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Cost is not necessarily lower for a private server compared to a webserver, as private servers often require significant investment in hardware and maintenance.
Option B: Better security and performance are key advantages of a private server, as it allows for dedicated resources and customized security measures.
Option C: Setting up and controlling a private server can be complex and requires technical expertise, which may not be easy for everyone.
Option D: While support services can be available, they are not a primary advantage of running a private server.

326. A..... normally connects LANs and WANs in the Internet and has a table that is used for making decisions about the route.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Router.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A router is a device that connects multiple networks and uses routing tables to determine the best path for data transmission.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse routers with other network devices like bridges or repeaters, which do not have routing tables.

Explanations: A router is designed to connect different types of networks, such as LANs and WANs, and it uses a routing table to make decisions about the optimal path for data packets to travel. This table contains information about the available routes and helps the router determine the most efficient path for data transmission. Routers operate at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model, which allows them to make decisions based on IP addresses and other network layer information.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A repeater is a simple device that amplifies signals and does not have routing capabilities or a routing table.
Option B: A bridge connects two similar networks and operates at the data link layer (Layer 2), making it incapable of routing between different types of networks.
Option C: A router is the correct choice as it connects different networks and uses a routing table to make decisions about the best path for data transmission.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the correct answer is provided by option C.

Mnemonic: Routers Route, Repeaters Repeat, Bridges Bridge.

327. Size of TCP segment header ranges between

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) 20 and 60 bytes.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The TCP segment header size varies depending on the presence of optional fields.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the size of the TCP header with the size of the IP header, which is fixed at 20 bytes.

Explanations: The TCP segment header has a minimum size of 20 bytes, which includes the mandatory fields such as source port, destination port, sequence number, acknowledgment number, header length, flags, window size, checksum, and urgent pointer. The header can grow up to 60 bytes if options are included, such as Maximum Segment Size (MSS), Window Scale, and Timestamps. Therefore, the size of the TCP segment header ranges between 20 and 60 bytes.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because the size range is in bytes, not bits.
Option B: Incorrect because the size range is in bytes, not bits, and the range is not 16 to 32.
Option C: Correct because the size range is 20 to 60 bytes.
Option D: Incorrect because the size range is in bytes, not bits.

328. A central computer surrounded by one or more satellite computers is called a

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Star network.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Fundamentals

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A star network is a topology where all nodes are connected to a central hub or computer.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the star network with a bus or ring network, which have different topologies.

Explanations: In a star network, each satellite computer is directly connected to a central computer. This central computer acts as a hub, facilitating communication between all connected devices. This topology is distinct from a bus network, where devices are connected in a linear fashion, and a ring network, where devices are connected in a circular fashion.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A bus network connects all devices in a linear fashion, not through a central hub.
Option B: A ring network connects devices in a circular fashion, not through a central hub.
Option C: A star network connects all devices to a central hub, which matches the description given.
Option D: This option is incorrect as only one of the network types matches the description.

Mnemonic: Star shines in the center.

329. This protocol transfers data from node to node.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) IP.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: IP (Internet Protocol) is responsible for transferring data packets from one node to another across a network.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse IP with TCP, which is responsible for establishing and maintaining connections between nodes, rather than the actual transfer of data packets.

Explanations: IP is the protocol that routes and transfers data packets from one node to another in a network. It ensures that data packets are delivered to the correct destination by using IP addresses. While TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is responsible for establishing and maintaining connections, IP is the protocol that actually moves the data packets from node to node.

Option Analysis:

Option A: TCP is responsible for establishing and maintaining connections, not for transferring data from node to node.
Option B: IP is responsible for transferring data packets from one node to another in a network.
Option C: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending and receiving email messages, not for transferring data between nodes.
Option D: HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring data over the web, not for transferring data between nodes in a network.

Mnemonic: IP: Internet Packets

330. In....., a logical tunnel is established by encapsulating the multicast packet inside a unicast packet.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) MBONE.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CCNP, Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: MBONE is a multicast backbone that uses tunneling to transmit multicast traffic over unicast networks.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse MBONE with other network protocols or backbones that do not use tunneling for multicast traffic.

Explanations: MBONE establishes a logical tunnel by encapsulating multicast packets inside unicast packets. This allows multicast traffic to traverse networks that do not natively support multicast, effectively extending the reach of multicast communication.

Option Analysis:

Option A: UNIBONE is not a recognized term in the context of multicast tunneling.
Option B: MULTBONE is not a recognized term in the context of multicast tunneling.
Option C: MBONE correctly refers to the multicast backbone that uses tunneling to transmit multicast traffic over unicast networks.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect as MBONE is the correct term.

Mnemonic: M for Multicast, B for Backbone, O for Over, N for Network.

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 33

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