Computer networking MCQ – Change your future

341. The..... technique uses M different carrier frequencies that are modulated by the source signal. At one moment, the sign modulates one carrier frequency; at the next moment, the signal modulates another carrier frequency.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) FHSS.

Exam Relevance: Wireless Communications, Digital Communications, Telecommunications Engineering

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) is a modulation technique that uses multiple carrier frequencies to transmit data. The signal switches rapidly between different frequencies, which helps to reduce interference and improve security.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse FHSS with Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), which also uses multiple carrier frequencies but does not involve the rapid switching of frequencies.

Explanations: Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) involves the use of multiple carrier frequencies that are modulated by the source signal. The signal modulates one carrier frequency at a given moment and then rapidly switches to another carrier frequency. This technique is used to spread the signal over a wide frequency band, which helps to reduce interference and improve security. The described technique matches the definition of FHSS.

Option Analysis:

Option A: FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing) uses multiple carrier frequencies but does not involve the rapid switching of frequencies. It is used to transmit multiple signals simultaneously over a single channel.
Option B: DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) spreads the signal over a wide frequency band by modulating the signal with a pseudo-random code, but it does not involve switching between different carrier frequencies.
Option C: FHSS (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum) uses multiple carrier frequencies and rapidly switches between them, which matches the described technique.
Option D: TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) involves dividing a signal into time slots and transmitting them over a single channel, but it does not involve the use of multiple carrier frequencies.

Mnemonic: FHSS: "Frequent Hopping, Secure Signal"

342. Encryption and decryption provide secrecy, or confidentiality, but not

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Integrity.

Exam Relevance: CISSP, CompTIA Security+, CISA

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Encryption and decryption ensure that data is kept secret and can only be accessed by authorized parties. However, they do not guarantee that the data has not been altered or tampered with.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse encryption with providing all aspects of security, including integrity and authentication.

Explanations: Encryption and decryption provide confidentiality by ensuring that only authorized parties can access the data. However, they do not ensure that the data has not been modified or tampered with during transmission. This is where integrity comes into play. Integrity ensures that the data remains unchanged and unaltered. Encryption alone does not provide this guarantee.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Authentication is not provided by encryption and decryption alone. Authentication ensures that the sender and receiver are who they claim to be, which is a separate security concern.
Option B: Integrity is not provided by encryption and decryption alone. Integrity ensures that the data has not been altered or tampered with, which is not guaranteed by encryption.
Option C: Privacy is another term for confidentiality, which is provided by encryption and decryption.
Option D: Since privacy (confidentiality) is provided by encryption and decryption, this option is incorrect.

343. Connecting two or more networks to form a single network is called:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Internetworking.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Internetworking refers to the process of connecting two or more networks to form a larger network.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse internetworking with intranetworking, which refers to internal network operations within a single network.

Explanations: Internetworking is the correct term for connecting multiple networks to form a single, larger network. This process involves the use of routers and other networking devices to facilitate communication between different networks.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Internetworking is the term used for connecting multiple networks.
Option B: Incorrect. Intranetworking is not a standard term and does not refer to connecting multiple networks.
Option C: Incorrect. Interconnecting is a general term and does not specifically refer to connecting multiple networks.
Option D: Incorrect. Intraconnectivity is not a standard term and does not refer to connecting multiple networks.

344. Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites has a speed of

Exam Relevance: GATE, GRE, GMAT, Competitive Engineering Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites orbit the Earth at altitudes ranging from about 160 to 2,000 kilometers. At these altitudes, the satellites experience significant gravitational pull from the Earth, resulting in high orbital velocities.

Common Mistakes: Students often underestimate the speed of LEO satellites, thinking they move slower due to their proximity to Earth.

Explanations: LEO satellites orbit the Earth at a high speed due to the strong gravitational pull of the Earth. The speed of a satellite in orbit is determined by the balance between the gravitational force and the centrifugal force. For LEO satellites, this balance results in orbital speeds typically ranging from 20,000 to 25,000 km/h. This speed is necessary to maintain a stable orbit at these altitudes.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This range is too low for LEO satellites.
Option B: This range is also too low for LEO satellites.
Option C: This range is correct for LEO satellites.
Option D: This range is too high for LEO satellites.

Mnemonic: LEO Speed: "20 to 25,000, Earth's Grip"

345. The disadvantage of ring topology is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Damage to a cable is likely to mean whole network fails.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Fundamentals

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In a ring topology, data travels in a single direction around the ring. If any part of the ring is damaged, the entire network can fail because the data cannot complete its loop.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the single point of failure in a ring topology and focus on other disadvantages like cost or performance.

Explanations: In a ring topology, each node is connected to two other nodes, forming a closed loop. Data travels in one direction around the loop. If any cable in the ring is damaged, the loop is broken, and data cannot travel to all nodes, leading to a network failure. This makes the network vulnerable to single points of failure.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Ring topology is not necessarily more expensive to install compared to other topologies. The cost depends on the specific implementation and requirements.
Option B: While performance can degrade with more traffic, this is not a unique disadvantage of ring topology. Other topologies can also experience performance issues with increased traffic.
Option C: This is correct because a single cable failure can disrupt the entire loop, causing the network to fail.
Option D: Ring topology typically requires less cabling than a star topology, as each node is connected to only two other nodes.

Mnemonic: Ring breaks, network weeps.

346. How do we connect computers to the internet?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Both.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Computer Science Principles

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Computers can connect to the internet through both wired and wireless methods.

Common Mistakes: Students might think that only one method is used, either wired or wireless, but both are commonly used.

Explanations: Computers can connect to the internet using wired connections, such as Ethernet cables, or wirelessly, using Wi-Fi or other wireless technologies. Both methods are widely used and available, making the correct answer "Both."

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, as wireless is not the only method.
Option B: Incorrect, as wired is not the only method.
Option C: Correct, as both wired and wireless methods are used.
Option D: Incorrect, as both methods are valid.

Mnemonic: Wired and Wireless, Both Connect

347. Which of the following layer is not part of the OSI layer Model?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Internet layer.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The OSI model consists of seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application. The Internet layer is not part of the OSI model.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Internet layer with the Network layer, as both are involved in routing and addressing. However, the Internet layer is specific to the TCP/IP model, not the OSI model.

Explanations: The OSI model is a conceptual framework that divides network communication into seven layers. The Internet layer, which is part of the TCP/IP model, is responsible for routing packets across networks. However, it is not one of the layers in the OSI model. The OSI model includes the Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application layers.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The Internet layer is not part of the OSI model, making this the correct answer.
Option B: The Physical layer is part of the OSI model and is responsible for transmitting raw bits over a communication channel.
Option C: The Network layer is part of the OSI model and is responsible for routing and addressing.
Option D: The Application layer is part of the OSI model and is responsible for providing services to end-users.

Mnemonic: OSI: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application

348. HMP (Host Monitoring Protocol) is:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) A protocol used to monitor computers.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: HMP (Host Monitoring Protocol) is a protocol designed for monitoring the health and status of computers in a network.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse HMP with other network protocols like ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) or FTP (File Transfer Protocol), which have different purposes.

Explanations: HMP is specifically designed to monitor the status and health of computers in a network. It is not related to binding IP addresses to physical hardware addresses (Option A), transferring files between machines (Option B), or handling error and control messages (Option D). Therefore, the correct answer is that HMP is a protocol used to monitor computers.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This describes ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), not HMP.
Option B: This describes FTP (File Transfer Protocol), not HMP.
Option C: This correctly describes HMP.
Option D: This describes ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), not HMP.

349. Messenger Mailbox is present in

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Netscape Communicator.

Exam Relevance: IT certification exams, Computer Science exams, Internet History exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The Messenger Mailbox feature was a component of Netscape Communicator, which was a popular web browser and email client suite in the late 1990s and early 2000s.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Netscape Communicator with Internet Explorer, as both were popular web browsers during the same period.

Explanations: Netscape Communicator included a suite of internet tools, including a web browser, email client, and the Messenger Mailbox feature. Internet Explorer, on the other hand, was primarily a web browser and did not include the Messenger Mailbox feature.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Internet Explorer did not include the Messenger Mailbox feature.
Option B: Netscape Communicator included the Messenger Mailbox feature.
Option C: The Messenger Mailbox was not present in both Internet Explorer and Netscape Communicator.
Option D: The Messenger Mailbox was present in Netscape Communicator, so this option is incorrect.

350. Bit rate is measured in

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Bits Per Second.

Exam Relevance: Networking exams, Computer Science exams, Telecommunications exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Bit rate is a measure of the number of bits that are processed or transmitted per unit of time.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse bit rate with other units of measurement, such as Hertz, which measures frequency.

Explanations: Bit rate is defined as the number of bits transmitted or processed per second. This is why the correct unit for bit rate is Bits Per Second (Bps). Other options like Bits per Hertz, Nano seconds, and Pixels per second do not accurately represent the concept of bit rate.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Bits per Hertz is incorrect because Hertz measures frequency, not data rate.
Option B: Bits Per Second is the correct unit for measuring bit rate.
Option C: Nano seconds is a unit of time, not a unit for measuring bit rate.
Option D: Pixels per second is a measure of image data rate, not bit rate.

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 35

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