Computer networking MCQ – Change your future

31. RTCP uses an odd-numbered..... port number that follows the port number selected for RTP.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) UDP.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, CISSP

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: RTCP (Real-time Transport Control Protocol) uses UDP (User Datagram Protocol) for its transport layer. It operates on an odd-numbered port number that follows the port number selected for RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol).

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that RTCP uses TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) because both RTP and RTCP are often discussed together in the context of real-time communication.

Explanations: RTCP uses UDP for its transport layer because UDP is connectionless and provides a lower overhead compared to TCP. This is suitable for the control and monitoring functions of RTCP, which do not require the reliability and flow control features of TCP.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. RTCP uses UDP for its transport layer.
Option B: Incorrect. RTCP does not use TCP for its transport layer.
Option C: Incorrect. RTCP does not use both UDP and TCP.
Option D: Incorrect. The correct answer is provided in option A.

32. To define packet to be sent from a manager to an agent and vice versa, term is used named

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) SNMP.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is used for managing and monitoring network devices. It defines the structure of packets exchanged between a manager and an agent.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse SNMP with other protocols like SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) or HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), which are not used for network management.

Explanations: SNMP is the correct term used to define the packets exchanged between a manager and an agent in network management. SNMP provides a framework for network devices to report their status and receive management instructions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. SNMP is the protocol used for network management and defines the packets exchanged between a manager and an agent.
Option B: Incorrect. SMTP is used for email transmission, not network management.
Option C: Incorrect. HTTP is used for web browsing and data transfer over the web, not network management.
Option D: Incorrect. URL is a web address and not a protocol for network management.

33. Network topology

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) STAR.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, Network+, CompTIA A+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In network topology, the star topology is a configuration where each node is connected to a central hub.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse star topology with other topologies like bus or ring, which do not have a central hub.

Explanations: The star topology is characterized by a central hub to which all nodes are directly connected. This central hub acts as a central point for data transmission, ensuring that each node can communicate with others through this central point. This makes the star topology a correct answer in the context of network topologies.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Star topology is a network configuration where all nodes are connected to a central hub.
Option B: Incorrect. LAN (Local Area Network) is a type of network, not a topology.
Option C: Incorrect. INFRANET is not a recognized network topology.
Option D: Incorrect. HUB is a device used in star topology, not a topology itself.

34. A unidirectional path switching ring (UPSR) is a unidirectional network with

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Two rings.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Telecommunications, Network Engineering

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A unidirectional path switching ring (UPSR) is a type of network topology where data travels in one direction around a single ring. However, for redundancy and reliability, UPSR typically uses two rings: one for data transmission and another for protection.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse UPSR with bidirectional line switching rings (BLSR), which use four rings for both transmission and protection.

Explanations: A unidirectional path switching ring (UPSR) is designed to provide a simple and efficient way to transmit data in a single direction. To ensure reliability, UPSR employs two rings: one active ring for data transmission and a secondary ring for protection. This dual-ring configuration allows for quick switching to the backup ring in case of a failure in the primary ring, ensuring continuous data transmission.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. UPSR uses two rings for data transmission and protection.
Option B: Incorrect. Four rings are used in bidirectional line switching rings (BLSR), not UPSR.
Option C: Incorrect. Six rings are not used in UPSR.
Option D: Incorrect. Eight rings are not used in UPSR.

Mnemonic: Two Rings, One Path

35. INTEGER, OCTET STRING, and ObjectIdentifier are..... definitions used by SMI.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) ASN.1.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) uses the Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) to define the data types used in the Management Information Base (MIB).

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse ASN.1 with MIB or SNMP, as all three are related to network management but serve different purposes.

Explanations: INTEGER, OCTET STRING, and ObjectIdentifier are data type definitions used by the Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1). ASN.1 is a standard and notation that describes rules and structures for representing, encoding, transmitting, and decoding data in communications protocols and computer programming. These data types are essential for defining the structure of information in the Management Information Base (MIB) used by SNMP.

Option Analysis:

Option A: MIB is a database used by network management systems to store information about managed devices, not a data type definition.
Option B: SNMP is a protocol used for network management, not a data type definition.
Option C: ASN.1 is the correct answer as it defines the data types used in MIB for SNMP.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect because ASN.1 is the correct answer.

36. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) has been divided in two categories, error-reporting messages and

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Query messages.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: ICMP is divided into two main categories: error-reporting messages and query messages.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse query messages with other types of ICMP messages, such as echo requests or error reports.

Explanations: ICMP is used for error reporting and diagnostic functions. It is divided into two categories: error-reporting messages and query messages. Error-reporting messages are used to report errors and other information about IP packet processing back to the sender. Query messages are used for diagnostic purposes, such as echo requests and replies, which are used to test the reachability of a host.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Query Report messages is not a standard category for ICMP messages.
Option B: Query messages is the correct category for ICMP messages used for diagnostic purposes.
Option C: Query Data is not a standard category for ICMP messages.
Option D: Query Frames is not a standard category for ICMP messages.

37. Which switching method offers a a dedicated transmission channel?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Circuit switching.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Engineering

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Circuit switching provides a dedicated transmission channel for the duration of the communication.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse circuit switching with packet switching, which does not provide a dedicated channel.

Explanations: Circuit switching establishes a dedicated path between two endpoints for the duration of the communication. This ensures that the entire bandwidth of the channel is reserved for the communication, providing a dedicated transmission channel. Packet switching, on the other hand, shares the channel among multiple communications, and virtual-circuit and datagram packet switching do not provide a dedicated channel.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Packet switching does not provide a dedicated channel; it shares the channel among multiple communications.
Option B: Circuit switching provides a dedicated channel for the duration of the communication.
Option C: Virtual-circuit packet switching does not provide a dedicated channel; it uses shared resources.
Option D: Datagram packet switching does not provide a dedicated channel; it uses shared resources.

38. You have created a named access list called Blocksales. Which of the following is a valid command for applying this to packets trying to enter interface s0 of your router?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) (config-if)# ip access-group Blocksales in.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CCNP, CCIE

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The command to apply an access list to an interface in Cisco IOS involves specifying the interface configuration mode and using the correct syntax for the named access list.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the configuration mode or the syntax for named access lists, leading to incorrect commands.

Explanations: The correct command to apply a named access list to an interface is executed in the interface configuration mode. The command format is "ip access-group [name] in" or "ip access-group [name] out". In this case, the named access list is "Blocksales" and it is applied to incoming traffic on the interface s0. Therefore, the correct command is "(config-if)# ip access-group Blocksales in."

Option Analysis:

Option A: This command is incorrect because it uses a numbered access list (110) instead of the named access list "Blocksales" and is in the global configuration mode, not the interface configuration mode.
Option B: This command is incorrect because it uses a numbered access list (110) instead of the named access list "Blocksales".
Option C: This command is correct because it applies the named access list "Blocksales" to incoming traffic on the interface in the interface configuration mode.
Option D: This command is incorrect because it uses an invalid syntax and does not follow the correct command format for applying an access list.

39. Users of the network

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Clients.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, IT Fundamentals, Network Security

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In a network, users are typically referred to as clients. Clients are devices or software that request and use resources from a server.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse servers with clients, thinking that servers are the users of the network.

Explanations: Clients are the devices or software that request and use resources from a server. They are the end-users of the network, making them the correct answer. Servers, on the other hand, provide resources and services to the clients. Network Interface Cards (NICs) and transmission media are components of the network infrastructure, not the users.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Servers provide resources and services to clients, not the other way around.
Option B: Clients are the correct users of the network, as they request and use resources from servers.
Option C: Network Interface Cards (NICs) are hardware components that enable network communication, not users.
Option D: Transmission media are the physical means by which data is transmitted, not users of the network.

40. ESP (Encapsulating Security Protocol) is defined in which of the following standards?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) IPsec.

Exam Relevance: CISSP, CCNA Security, CompTIA Security+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) is a protocol used in IPsec (Internet Protocol Security) to provide encryption and integrity protection for data packets.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse ESP with other tunneling protocols like PPTP or L2TP, which are not specifically designed for security encapsulation.

Explanations: ESP is defined in the IPsec framework, which is a suite of protocols for securing IP communications by encrypting and/or authenticating all IP packets in a data stream. The other options (PPTP, PPP, L2TP) are not specifically designed for security encapsulation and do not define ESP.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. ESP is defined in the IPsec standard.
Option B: Incorrect. PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) is a tunneling protocol used to establish a virtual private network (VPN) or remote access connection, but it does not define ESP.
Option C: Incorrect. PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) is a data link layer protocol for transporting multi-protocol data over point-to-point links, but it does not define ESP.
Option D: Incorrect. L2TP (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol) is a tunneling protocol used to support virtual private networks (VPNs), but it does not define ESP.

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 4

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