Computer networking MCQ – Change your future

621. What does Router do in a network?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Determines on which outing link a packet is to be forwarded.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A router's primary function is to determine the best path for data packets to travel across a network.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse routers with switches, thinking routers simply forward packets to all outgoing links.

Explanations: A router uses routing tables and algorithms to determine the optimal outgoing link for a packet based on the destination address. This ensures efficient and effective data transmission across networks.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, as routers do not forward packets to all outgoing links.
Option B: Incorrect, as routers do not forward packets to the next free outgoing link without considering the destination.
Option C: Correct, as routers determine the best outgoing link for a packet based on routing information.
Option D: Incorrect, as routers do not forward packets to all outgoing links except the originated link.

Mnemonic: Routers Route, Not Broadcast

622. Where is a MAC address stored?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) On the NIC.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, CIW Network Specialist

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A MAC address is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) for use as a network address in communications within a network segment.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that the MAC address is stored in the computer's memory or in the router's configuration.

Explanations: A MAC address is a hardware address that is permanently assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) by the manufacturer. It is stored in the hardware of the NIC and is used to uniquely identify the device on a network. The MAC address is not stored in the computer's memory, router's configuration, or modem.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, as the MAC address is not stored in the computer's memory.
Option B: Correct, as the MAC address is stored on the NIC.
Option C: Incorrect, as the MAC address is not stored as a list in the router.
Option D: Incorrect, as the MAC address is not stored in the modem.

Mnemonic: NIC MAC, Not in PC

623. In peer-to-peer network, each computer in a network is referred as

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Peer.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Network Security, Data Communication

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In a peer-to-peer network, each computer is referred to as a peer. This means that each computer has equal capabilities and responsibilities, and can act as both a client and a server.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly think that in a peer-to-peer network, one computer acts as a server while others act as clients, similar to a client-server model.

Explanations: In a peer-to-peer network, each computer (peer) can directly communicate with other peers without the need for a central server. This decentralized structure allows for equal participation and resource sharing among all connected devices.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A server is a central computer that provides services to other computers in a network, which is not the case in a peer-to-peer network.
Option B: A client is a computer that requests services from a server, which does not apply in a peer-to-peer network where each computer can act as both client and server.
Option C: A peer is a computer in a peer-to-peer network that can both request and provide services to other peers.
Option D: A sender is a term more commonly used in data transmission contexts, not specific to network architecture.

624. One satellite in orbit has line-of-sight with vast number of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Stations.

Exam Relevance: GATE, GRE, GMAT, JE

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Satellites in orbit can communicate with multiple ground stations simultaneously due to their high altitude and wide coverage area.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the term "stations" with "channels" or "nodes," which are also related to communication but do not specifically refer to ground-based communication points.

Explanations: Satellites in orbit have a line-of-sight with a vast number of ground stations. These stations are the points on the Earth's surface that communicate with the satellite. The satellite's high altitude allows it to cover a large area, enabling it to maintain communication with numerous stations simultaneously. This is crucial for global communication networks, where multiple ground stations are required to relay signals across different regions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Channels refer to the frequency bands used for communication, not the ground-based communication points.
Option B: Stations are the ground-based communication points that satellites communicate with.
Option C: Network System refers to the overall infrastructure, not the individual points of communication.
Option D: Nodes are points in a network, but in the context of satellite communication, they are not as specific as ground stations.

Mnemonic: S-L-O-T: Satellites Line-of-Sight with Many Stations

625. The fundamental requirements of private-to-public network interconnection methods which need to be provided in gateways is/are

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) A and b both.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Network Security, Telecommunications Engineering

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The fundamental requirements for gateways in private-to-public network interconnection include ensuring universal accessibility for private network Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and adequate cost control mechanisms for the administration of private networks.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the importance of cost control mechanisms, focusing only on accessibility.

Explanations: Gateways in private-to-public network interconnection must ensure that all private network DTEs can access the public network, which is essential for universal accessibility. Additionally, cost control mechanisms are necessary to manage and administer the private networks effectively, ensuring that the interconnection is economically viable. Therefore, both universal accessibility and cost control are fundamental requirements.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Universal accessibility for private network DTEs is a fundamental requirement.
Option B: Adequate cost control mechanisms for administration of the private networks is also a fundamental requirement.
Option C: Assigning addresses to private network DTEs is not a fundamental requirement for gateways in this context.
Option D: Both universal accessibility and cost control mechanisms are fundamental requirements, making this the correct answer.

Mnemonic: Access and Cost, Gateway's Focus (ACGF)

626. Urgent data requires the urgent pointer field as well as the URG bit in the..... field.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Control.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, CCNA, CISSP

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In TCP/IP communication, the urgent pointer field is used to indicate the end of urgent data within a segment. The URG bit in the control field signals the presence of urgent data.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the control field with the offset field, which is used for segment offset information.

Explanations: The urgent pointer field is used in conjunction with the URG bit in the control field to indicate the presence of urgent data. The control field contains various flags, including the URG bit, which signals that the urgent pointer field is valid and should be used to locate the urgent data within the segment.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The URG bit is part of the control field, which is used to indicate the presence of urgent data.
Option B: Incorrect. The offset field is used for segment offset information, not for signaling urgent data.
Option C: Incorrect. The sequence number field is used to identify the order of data segments, not for signaling urgent data.
Option D: Incorrect. The correct answer is provided in the control field.

627. Buffering of blocked packets can be done using first in, first out (FIFO) or circular queues, which can be implemented as

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Dynamically allocatable multi-queues.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Engineering

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Buffering of blocked packets can be implemented using dynamically allocatable multi-queues, which allows for flexible allocation of buffer space based on network traffic conditions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse static allocation with dynamic allocation, leading to the incorrect choice of statically allocatable multi-queues.

Explanations: Dynamically allocatable multi-queues allow for the flexible allocation of buffer space, which is essential for managing varying network traffic conditions. This approach ensures that buffer space is efficiently used, preventing overflow and underutilization. In contrast, statically allocatable multi-queues have fixed buffer sizes, which may not adapt well to changing traffic patterns. Circular queues and buffered wormhole switching are specific techniques for packet buffering but do not inherently provide the dynamic allocation needed for efficient buffer management.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Statically allocatable multi-queues do not provide the flexibility needed for dynamic buffer management.
Option B: Dynamically allocatable multi-queues allow for flexible buffer allocation, making them suitable for managing varying network traffic.
Option C: Buffered wormhole switching is a specific technique for packet buffering but does not inherently provide dynamic allocation.
Option D: Wormhole switching is a technique for packet transmission and does not directly relate to buffer management.

Mnemonic: DMAQ for Dynamic Multi-Queue

628. Which is most secure, a hub or a switch?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Switch.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A switch is more secure than a hub because it forwards data only to the intended recipient, whereas a hub broadcasts data to all connected devices.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the functions of hubs and switches, thinking that both devices operate in the same manner.

Explanations: A switch operates at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model and uses MAC addresses to direct traffic to the correct destination. This means that data packets are only sent to the intended recipient, reducing the risk of eavesdropping and unauthorized access. In contrast, a hub operates at the physical layer (Layer 1) and broadcasts all incoming data to every port, making it easier for unauthorized users to intercept data.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A hub is less secure because it broadcasts data to all connected devices, increasing the risk of eavesdropping.
Option B: A switch is more secure because it forwards data only to the intended recipient, reducing the risk of unauthorized access.
Option C: This option is incorrect because a switch is more secure than a hub.
Option D: This option is incorrect because a switch is more secure than a hub.

Mnemonic: Switch Secure, Hub Hears All

629. What type of network is this?In this network all the workstations, servers and printers are joined to one main cable. At each end of the cable a terminator is fitted to stop signals reflecting back down.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Bus Network.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, A+ Certification

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In a bus network, all devices are connected to a single main cable, known as the bus. Signals travel along the cable and are received by all devices. Terminators are used at both ends of the cable to prevent signal reflection.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the bus network with a ring network, where devices are connected in a circular loop, or a star network, where all devices connect to a central hub.

Explanations: The description matches a bus network because all workstations, servers, and printers are connected to one main cable, and terminators are used at each end to prevent signal reflection. This is a key characteristic of a bus network.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A ring network has devices connected in a circular loop, not to a single main cable.
Option B: A star network has all devices connected to a central hub, not to a single main cable.
Option C: A bus network has all devices connected to a single main cable with terminators at each end, which matches the description.
Option D: A mesh network has multiple connections between devices, not a single main cable.

Mnemonic: Bus: Big Unified System

630. Total bandwidth required for AM can be determined from bandwidth of audio signal

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) BAM = 2B.

Exam Relevance: GATE, ECE, EE

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In amplitude modulation (AM), the total bandwidth required is twice the bandwidth of the audio signal.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the relationship between the audio signal bandwidth and the total bandwidth required for AM, leading to incorrect assumptions about the multiplier.

Explanations: In AM, the modulated signal consists of the carrier frequency and two sidebands, each containing the audio signal. The bandwidth of each sideband is equal to the bandwidth of the audio signal. Therefore, the total bandwidth required for AM is the sum of the bandwidths of the two sidebands, which is 2B.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The total bandwidth required for AM is twice the bandwidth of the audio signal.
Option B: Incorrect. The total bandwidth required for AM is not four times the bandwidth of the audio signal.
Option C: Incorrect. The total bandwidth required for AM is not six times the bandwidth of the audio signal.
Option D: Incorrect. The total bandwidth required for AM is not ten times the bandwidth of the audio signal.

Mnemonic: Double the Bandwidth, Double the Fun (DBDF)

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 63

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