Computer networking MCQ – Change your future

671. If DHCP snooping is configured on a LAN switch, then clients having specific..... can access the network.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Both MAC address and IP address.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: DHCP snooping is a security feature that helps prevent unauthorized DHCP servers from operating on a network. It works by creating a binding table that maps client MAC addresses to their assigned IP addresses.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that DHCP snooping only checks IP addresses, ignoring the role of MAC addresses in the binding table.

Explanations: DHCP snooping creates a binding table that includes both the MAC address and the IP address of each client. This table is used to validate DHCP requests and responses, ensuring that only legitimate clients with the correct MAC and IP address pairings can access the network. Therefore, clients with both a specific MAC address and IP address can access the network.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because DHCP snooping requires both MAC and IP address validation, not just the MAC address.
Option B: Incorrect because DHCP snooping requires both MAC and IP address validation, not just the IP address.
Option C: Correct because DHCP snooping validates both the MAC address and the IP address of clients.
Option D: Incorrect because DHCP snooping does allow specific clients with the correct MAC and IP address to access the network.

Mnemonic: MAC IP Check

672. A digital channel implies that the channel

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Is carrying digital data.

Exam Relevance: GATE, ECE, EE

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A digital channel is defined by the type of data it carries, which is digital.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the term "digital" with the process of digitization, which is incorrect in this context.

Explanations: A digital channel specifically refers to a communication channel that transmits digital data. The term "digital" in this context pertains to the nature of the data being transmitted, not the process of converting analog signals to digital form. Therefore, the correct interpretation is that the channel is carrying digital data.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because "digitized" refers to the process of converting analog signals to digital form, not the nature of the data being transmitted.
Option B: This option is correct because a digital channel is defined by the type of data it carries, which is digital.
Option C: This option is incorrect because the presence or absence of a carrier is not a defining characteristic of a digital channel.
Option D: This option is incorrect because one of the provided options is correct.

673. Connection-oriented protocols is used in virtual circuit approach for packet switching, such as in

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Both A and C.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Fundamentals

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Connection-oriented protocols establish a dedicated path or virtual circuit between the sender and receiver before data transmission begins. This approach is used in Frame Relay and ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) for efficient packet switching.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse connection-oriented protocols with connectionless protocols, which do not require a dedicated path and can lead to incorrect selection of options.

Explanations: Frame Relay and ATM both use connection-oriented protocols. In Frame Relay, virtual circuits are established for efficient data transmission. Similarly, ATM uses virtual circuits to ensure reliable and high-speed data transfer. FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) is a modulation technique and not a packet switching protocol, hence it is not relevant to the question.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Frame Relay uses connection-oriented protocols, making it a correct choice.
Option B: FSK is a modulation technique and not a packet switching protocol, making it incorrect.
Option C: ATM uses connection-oriented protocols, making it a correct choice.
Option D: Both A and C are correct, as Frame Relay and ATM both use connection-oriented protocols.

674. Ciphers of today are called

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Round ciphers.

Exam Relevance: CISSP, CompTIA Security+, CISA

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Modern ciphers are often referred to as round ciphers because they involve multiple rounds of encryption to enhance security.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse round ciphers with substitution or transposition ciphers, which are older cryptographic methods.

Explanations: Modern ciphers, such as AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), use multiple rounds of encryption to transform plaintext into ciphertext. Each round involves a series of operations including substitution, permutation, and mixing of data. This multi-round process is why they are called round ciphers. The complexity and security provided by these rounds make them suitable for modern cryptographic needs.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Substitution Cipher is an older method where each unit of plaintext is replaced with a corresponding unit of ciphertext. It does not involve multiple rounds of encryption.
Option B: Round ciphers involve multiple rounds of encryption, making them suitable for modern cryptographic needs.
Option C: Transposition Cipher is another older method where the order of the units of plaintext is rearranged to form the ciphertext. It does not involve multiple rounds of encryption.
Option D: None is incorrect as round ciphers are a valid and widely used term in modern cryptography.

675. How does a host on an Ethernet LAN know when to transmit after a collision has occurred? 1. In a CSMA/CD collision domain, multiple stations can successfully transmit data simultaneously. 2. In a CSMA/CD collision domain, stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. 3. You can improve the CSMA/CD network by adding more hubs. 4. After a collision, the station that detected the collision has first priority to resend the lost data. 5. After a collision, all stations run a random backoff algorithm. When the backoff delay period has expired, all stations have equal priority to transmit data.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) 2 and 5.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, Network+, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In a CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) network, stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting. After a collision, all stations run a random backoff algorithm, and when the backoff delay period has expired, all stations have equal priority to transmit data.

Common Mistakes: A common misunderstanding is that the station that detected the collision has first priority to resend the lost data, which is incorrect.

Explanations: In a CSMA/CD network, stations must sense the media to ensure it is not in use before transmitting. This is to avoid collisions. After a collision occurs, all stations that detected the collision will run a random backoff algorithm. This means that each station will wait for a random period of time before attempting to transmit again. Once the backoff delay period has expired, all stations have equal priority to transmit data, ensuring fairness and preventing a single station from dominating the network.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because multiple stations cannot transmit simultaneously in a CSMA/CD collision domain, and adding more hubs does not improve the network.
Option B: Incorrect because the station that detected the collision does not have first priority to resend the lost data.
Option C: Incorrect because adding more hubs does not improve the CSMA/CD network, and the station that detected the collision does not have first priority to resend the lost data.
Option D: Correct because stations must wait until the media is not in use before transmitting, and after a collision, all stations have equal priority to transmit data once the backoff delay period has expired.

676. Wireless communication started in

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) 1895.

Exam Relevance: GATE, GRE, IAS

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Wireless communication began with the invention of radio waves by Guglielmo Marconi in 1895.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the date with other significant inventions or discoveries in the late 19th century.

Explanations: Guglielmo Marconi is credited with the invention of wireless telegraphy in 1895, which marked the beginning of wireless communication. Marconi's experiments and demonstrations proved that radio waves could be used to transmit information over long distances without the need for wires. This invention laid the foundation for modern wireless communication technologies.

Option Analysis:

Option A: 1869 is incorrect as it predates Marconi's work on wireless communication.
Option B: 1895 is the correct year when Marconi demonstrated wireless telegraphy.
Option C: 1879 is incorrect as it is before Marconi's significant work.
Option D: 1885 is incorrect as it is before Marconi's significant work.

677. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) cannot have more than 15 hops if infinity is defined as

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) 16.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), the maximum hop count is set to 15. Any route with a hop count greater than 15 is considered unreachable and is marked as infinity.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the maximum hop count with the infinity value, leading to incorrect answers.

Explanations: RIP defines infinity as 16, which means any route with a hop count of 16 or more is considered unreachable. This is because the maximum hop count in RIP is 15, and any route beyond this is marked as infinity (16). Therefore, if infinity is defined as 16, RIP cannot have more than 15 hops.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because 13 is less than the maximum hop count of 15.
Option B: Incorrect because 14 is less than the maximum hop count of 15.
Option C: Incorrect because 15 is the maximum hop count, not infinity.
Option D: Correct because 16 is the infinity value in RIP, meaning any route with 16 or more hops is considered unreachable.

Mnemonic: RIP 15, 16 Infinity

678. Which of the following IP address class is Multicast

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Class D.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Multicast IP addresses are used to send data to a group of hosts simultaneously. These addresses are allocated in the Class D range.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse multicast addresses with unicast or broadcast addresses, which are used for one-to-one and one-to-all communication, respectively.

Explanations: Multicast addresses are specifically designed for one-to-many communication, where a single source sends data to multiple destinations. These addresses are allocated in the Class D range, which is from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. Therefore, the correct answer is Class D.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Class A addresses are used for unicast communication and do not include multicast addresses.
Option B: Class B addresses are also used for unicast communication and do not include multicast addresses.
Option C: Class C addresses are used for unicast communication and do not include multicast addresses.
Option D: Class D addresses are specifically allocated for multicast communication.

Mnemonic: D for Direct Delivery to a group (Multicast)

679. When installing a network printer, you need to aquire the ..... in order to install it.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) IP Address.

Exam Relevance: CompTIA A+, Network+, CCNA

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: To install a network printer, you need to know its IP address to establish a connection between the printer and the network.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that the printer's name or model number is sufficient for installation, but these do not provide the necessary network information.

Explanations: The IP address is crucial because it uniquely identifies the printer on the network, allowing the computer to communicate with it. Without the IP address, the printer cannot be located or accessed over the network.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Toner is not required for network installation; it is a consumable item.
Option B: The IP address is necessary to connect the printer to the network.
Option C: The name of the printer is not sufficient for network installation.
Option D: The model number is useful for identifying the printer but not for network installation.

Mnemonic: IP for Print, IP for Print.

680. SMI has two broad categories of data type:..... and.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Simple; structured.

Exam Relevance: Network Management, IT Infrastructure, System Administration

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In the context of SMI (System Management Interface), data types are categorized into two broad categories: simple and structured.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse simple data types with unstructured data types, leading to incorrect selection of options.

Explanations: SMI data types are divided into simple and structured categories. Simple data types include basic data types like integers, strings, and booleans. Structured data types, on the other hand, include more complex data structures like sequences, tables, and records. This classification helps in managing and processing data efficiently within the SMI framework.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because complex is not a recognized category in SMI data types.
Option B: Correct as SMI data types are categorized into simple and structured types.
Option C: Incorrect because unstructured is not a recognized category in SMI data types.
Option D: Incorrect as there is a correct classification provided in the options.

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 68

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