Computer networking MCQ – Change your future

861. In....., collisions are avoided through the use of three strategies: the interframe space, the contention window, and acknowledgments.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) CSMA/CA.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Security

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) is a protocol used in wireless networks to avoid collisions by using interframe space, contention window, and acknowledgments.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse CSMA/CA with CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection), which is used in wired networks and employs different strategies to handle collisions.

Explanations: CSMA/CA is designed for wireless networks where collisions are avoided through proactive measures. The interframe space ensures a gap between transmissions, the contention window helps manage the timing of transmissions, and acknowledgments confirm successful receipt of data. These strategies collectively prevent collisions in a wireless environment.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. CSMA/CA uses interframe space, contention window, and acknowledgments to avoid collisions in wireless networks.
Option B: Incorrect. CSMA/CD is used in wired networks and employs collision detection rather than avoidance.
Option C: Incorrect. Only CSMA/CA uses the specified strategies for collision avoidance.
Option D: Incorrect. Both options are not correct as CSMA/CD does not use the same strategies as CSMA/CA.

862. Xxx.yyy.net is a

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) PQDN.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: PQDN stands for Partially Qualified Domain Name, which is a domain name that does not include the root domain. FQDN stands for Fully Qualified Domain Name, which includes the root domain. DDNS stands for Dynamic DNS, which is a system that updates DNS records in real-time.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse PQDN with FQDN, as both are types of domain names but differ in their completeness.

Explanations: Xxx.yyy.net is a PQDN because it does not include the root domain (e.g., .com, .org). PQDNs are used in contexts where the root domain is implied or known, such as within a local network or in certain configurations where the root domain is not necessary for resolution.

Option Analysis:

Option A: PQDN is correct because Xxx.yyy.net does not include the root domain.
Option B: FQDN is incorrect because FQDNs include the root domain, which Xxx.yyy.net does not.
Option C: DDNS is incorrect because DDNS refers to a system for updating DNS records, not a type of domain name.
Option D: All of them is incorrect because only PQDN is applicable to Xxx.yyy.net.

Mnemonic: PQDN: Partially Qualified, No Root

863. A routing table for classless addressing has a minimum of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) 4 Columns.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A routing table for classless addressing typically includes the destination network, subnet mask, next hop, and interface. These elements are essential for determining the best path for data transmission.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the columns needed for classful and classless addressing, leading to incorrect assumptions about the number of columns required.

Explanations: In classless addressing, a routing table must minimally include the destination network, subnet mask, next hop, and interface. The destination network specifies where the data is going, the subnet mask defines the network portion of the address, the next hop indicates the next router along the path, and the interface specifies the physical or logical interface through which the data will be sent. These four elements are necessary to ensure accurate routing decisions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: 5 Columns is incorrect because it includes more columns than necessary for the basic routing information.
Option B: 6 Columns is incorrect as it also includes more columns than necessary for the basic routing information.
Option C: 3 Columns is incorrect because it does not include all the necessary elements for accurate routing decisions.
Option D: 4 Columns is correct as it includes the essential elements for classless addressing: destination network, subnet mask, next hop, and interface.

864. In PPP, ..... is a simple authentication procedure with a two-step process.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) PAP.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) is a simple authentication procedure used in PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) that involves a two-step process.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse PAP with CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol), which is a more secure, three-step authentication process.

Explanations: PAP is a straightforward authentication method where the user sends a username and password in plain text to the server. This two-step process involves the client sending the username and password, and the server verifying the credentials. This simplicity makes PAP less secure compared to CHAP, but it is easier to implement.

Option Analysis:

Option A: NCP (Network Control Protocol) is not an authentication procedure; it is used for establishing and configuring different network layer protocols over a PPP link.
Option B: LCP (Link Control Protocol) is responsible for establishing, configuring, and testing data-link connections, not for authentication.
Option C: CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol) is a more secure authentication method that uses a three-step process, not a two-step process.
Option D: PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) is the correct answer as it is a simple two-step authentication procedure used in PPP.

Mnemonic: PAP: Plain and Plainly Passworded

865. In IPv4 Addresses, organizational networks are connected to Internet via a

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Router.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Routers are devices that connect different networks and route data packets between them.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse routers with other network devices like bridges or switches, which do not connect networks to the Internet.

Explanations: Routers are used to connect organizational networks to the Internet. They are responsible for directing data packets to their correct destinations across different networks. This function is essential for enabling communication between an internal network and the Internet.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A mask, or subnet mask, is used to divide an IP address into network and host parts but does not connect networks to the Internet.
Option B: A router is the correct choice as it connects different networks and routes data packets between them, including connecting organizational networks to the Internet.
Option C: A bridge connects multiple network segments within the same network but does not connect to the Internet.
Option D: A bus is a communication system that transfers data between computer components but is not used to connect networks to the Internet.

Mnemonic: Routers Route, Others Don't.

866. ..... is a single, one-way transmission

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Simplex.

Exam Relevance: Networking exams, Computer Science exams, Telecommunications exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Simplex communication is a one-way transmission where data flows in only one direction.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse simplex with half-duplex, which allows two-way communication but not simultaneously.

Explanations: Simplex communication is characterized by a single, one-way transmission. This means that data can only flow in one direction, from the sender to the receiver, without the ability to send data back in the opposite direction. This is why the correct answer is Simplex.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Simplex is the correct answer as it describes a one-way communication channel.
Option B: Half-duplex allows for two-way communication but not simultaneously, which does not fit the description of a single, one-way transmission.
Option C: Duplex allows for simultaneous two-way communication, which is not a single, one-way transmission.
Option D: Gigabit refers to data transfer rates and is not related to the directionality of communication.

Mnemonic: S - Single, Simplex

867. Parameter that refers to uneven delay of data packets in delivery is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Jitter.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, CISSP

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Jitter refers to the variation in the delay of data packets as they travel across a network. It is a measure of the inconsistency in packet delivery times.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse jitter with latency, which is the total time it takes for a packet to travel from source to destination.

Explanations: Jitter is the parameter that describes the uneven delay of data packets in delivery. It is a critical factor in assessing network performance, especially for real-time applications like VoIP and video streaming, where consistent delivery times are essential.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Jitter is the correct term for the uneven delay of data packets.
Option B: Timelessness is not a technical term used in networking.
Option C: Accuracy refers to the correctness of data, not the delay in delivery.
Option D: Transmission medium refers to the physical path data travels, not the delay variation.

Mnemonic: Jitter: Just In Time Transmission

868. Computer and workstations when connected with each other is classified as

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Network.

Exam Relevance: CompTIA Network+, CCNA, CISSP

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A network is a system of interconnected computers and devices that can communicate and share resources with each other.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the term "network" with "connected points," but "connected points" does not imply the ability to share resources and communicate.

Explanations: When computers and workstations are connected to each other, they form a network. This network allows for the sharing of resources, communication, and data transfer between the connected devices. The term "network" encompasses the idea of interconnected devices that can interact and share information, which is why it is the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Controlled points refer to specific locations or devices that are managed or regulated, but do not describe the interconnection of computers and workstations.
Option B: Interaction points suggest points of interaction but do not specifically describe the interconnection and communication between computers and workstations.
Option C: Connected points indicate that devices are linked, but do not fully capture the concept of a network, which includes resource sharing and communication.
Option D: Network is the correct term for a system of interconnected computers and workstations that can communicate and share resources.

869. User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of them.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is a connectionless, unreliable, and powerless protocol in terms of error correction and flow control.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that UDP is reliable because it is widely used in applications that require fast data transfer.

Explanations: UDP is connectionless, meaning it does not establish a connection before sending data. It is unreliable because it does not guarantee delivery of packets or maintain packet order. UDP is powerless in terms of error correction and flow control, as it does not have mechanisms to handle these issues.

Option Analysis:

Option A: UDP is indeed connectionless, as it does not require a connection setup before data transmission.
Option B: UDP is unreliable because it does not ensure packet delivery or maintain packet order.
Option C: UDP is powerless in terms of error correction and flow control, as it lacks mechanisms to handle these issues.
Option D: All of the above characteristics apply to UDP, making this the correct answer.

870. NIC provides an Ethernet station with physical address of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) 6 bytes.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, CISSP

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The physical address, also known as the MAC (Media Access Control) address, is a unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications at the data link layer of a network segment.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the length of the MAC address with other address types, such as IP addresses, which are different in length and function.

Explanations: A MAC address is a 48-bit number, which is typically represented as 12 hexadecimal digits or 6 bytes. This address is used to uniquely identify a device on a network at the data link layer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: 2 bytes is incorrect because it is too short to uniquely identify a network interface.
Option B: 4 bytes is incorrect because it is still too short to uniquely identify a network interface.
Option C: 6 bytes is correct because it matches the standard length of a MAC address.
Option D: 8 bytes is incorrect because it exceeds the standard length of a MAC address.

Mnemonic: MAC 6 bytes, like a MAC address cookie.

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 87

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