General knowledge MCQ – Change your future

221. Who is the "Father of Indian Missile Science"? [PWD Examination-2020]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) APJ Abdul Kalam.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, PWD, SSC, Banking Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: APJ Abdul Kalam is widely recognized as the "Father of Indian Missile Science" due to his significant contributions to India's missile and space programs.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse APJ Abdul Kalam with other notable Indian scientists such as CV Raman, who is known for his work in the field of light scattering.

Explanations: APJ Abdul Kalam played a crucial role in the development of India's missile technology and space programs. He was the chief architect of India's integrated guided missile development program and is credited with the successful development of several missile systems, including Agni and Prithvi. His contributions to India's scientific and technological advancements have earned him the title "Father of Indian Missile Science."

Option Analysis:

Option A: APJ Abdul Kalam is the correct answer as he is known for his significant contributions to India's missile and space programs.
Option B: CV Raman is a renowned physicist known for his work on the Raman effect, but he is not associated with missile science.
Option C: Mahatma Gandhi is a political and spiritual leader known for his role in India's independence movement, not for missile science.
Option D: Bhagat Singh is a revolutionary socialist and Indian independence activist, not associated with missile science.

Mnemonic: Kalam Missile Man

222. Which one of the following judgements is associated with the primacy of the Chief Justice of India and the Collegium of Judges in the appointment and transfer of the higher judiciary? [General Knowledge for Chhattisgarh Professional Board Examination-2016]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) S. P. Gupta vs. President of India.

Exam Relevance: UPSC Civil Services, CLAT, State PSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The case of S. P. Gupta vs. President of India established the primacy of the Chief Justice of India and the Collegium of Judges in the appointment and transfer of higher judiciary.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse this case with other landmark judgments related to judicial independence and the appointment process.

Explanations: In the case of S. P. Gupta vs. President of India, the Supreme Court ruled that the Chief Justice of India and the Collegium of Judges have the primary role in the appointment and transfer of judges in the higher judiciary. This judgment reinforced the principle of judicial independence and the need for the judiciary to have a significant say in its own appointments and transfers.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Kesavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala is related to the basic structure doctrine and not the appointment of judges.
Option B: S. P. Gupta vs. President of India is the correct judgment that established the primacy of the Chief Justice of India and the Collegium of Judges in the appointment and transfer of higher judiciary.
Option C: Maneka Gandhi vs. Union of India is related to the right to privacy and not the appointment of judges.
Option D: S. R. Bommai vs. Union of India is related to the dismissal of state governments and not the appointment of judges.

223. Which technology is used in a CDROM Drive? [General Knowledge for Bank of Baroda(PGDBF) Examination-1984]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Optical.

Exam Relevance: Bank of Baroda(PGDBF), Competitive exams, IT exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: CDROM drives use optical technology to read data from a compact disc.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse CDROM drives with hard drives, which use mechanical technology.

Explanations: CDROM drives use a laser to read data from the disc. The laser reads the microscopic pits and lands on the disc's surface, which represent binary data. This optical method is non-contact and does not involve mechanical parts directly interacting with the disc, making it an optical technology.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Mechanical technology involves moving parts, which is not used in CDROM drives.
Option B: Electromechanical technology combines electrical and mechanical components, which is not the primary method used in CDROM drives.
Option C: Optical technology uses a laser to read data, which is the correct method used in CDROM drives.
Option D: Fibre optical technology is used in telecommunications, not in CDROM drives.

Mnemonic: Laser Light Reads Discs (LLRD)

224. Who was the Founder of Bluetooth? [SSC Jr Hindi Translator Examination-2009]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Ericson.

Exam Relevance: SSC, UPSC, Bank PO, Civil Services

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Bluetooth technology was developed by Ericsson in the early 1990s.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the development of Bluetooth with other technology companies like Apple or Steve Jobs, who are more commonly associated with consumer electronics.

Explanations: Bluetooth technology was developed by Ericsson, a Swedish telecommunications company, in the early 1990s. The technology was designed to replace cables for short-range wireless communication between devices. The name "Bluetooth" comes from the 10th-century Danish king Harald Bluetooth, who united warring factions, symbolizing the technology's ability to connect different devices.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Apple is not the founder of Bluetooth technology. Apple has integrated Bluetooth into its products but did not develop the technology itself.
Option B: Ericson is the correct answer as it developed Bluetooth technology.
Option C: Steve Jobs was not involved in the development of Bluetooth technology. He was the co-founder of Apple and played a significant role in the development of Apple products.
Option D: Martin Cooper is known for inventing the first handheld mobile phone, not Bluetooth technology.

Mnemonic: E for Ericson, E for Early Bluetooth.

225. The thinkers who believe that 'state is an association of associations' are called [General Knowledge for ICICI Bank Examination-2012]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Pluralists.

Exam Relevance: ICICI Bank Examination, UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Pluralists believe that the state is an association of associations, reflecting the idea that power is distributed among various groups within society.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse pluralists with federalists, who focus on the division of power between central and regional governments.

Explanations: Pluralists argue that the state is not a monolithic entity but rather a collection of various groups and associations that compete for influence and power. This perspective emphasizes the diversity and complexity of modern societies, where different groups such as political parties, trade unions, and interest groups play significant roles in shaping public policy and governance.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Socialists typically advocate for state control over the means of production and a more centralized form of governance, which contrasts with the pluralist view of distributed power.
Option B: Federalists focus on the division of power between a central government and regional or state governments, rather than the idea of the state as an association of associations.
Option C: Anarchists reject the concept of the state altogether, advocating for a society without government, which is fundamentally different from the pluralist perspective.
Option D: Pluralists believe that the state is an association of associations, reflecting the idea that power is distributed among various groups within society.

Mnemonic: P for Pluralists, P for Power distributed.

226. As per the provision of The Company Act, 2012 what percentage of annual net profit of companies of market capitalization of Rs. 500 crore should be spent on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) [General Knowledge for Arunachal Pradesh Police Examination-2012]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) 2%.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams, State PSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Company Act, 2012 mandates that companies with a net worth of Rs. 500 crore or more must spend at least 2% of their average net profit on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the percentage required for CSR spending with other financial ratios or percentages required for other corporate activities.

Explanations: The Company Act, 2012 specifies that companies with a market capitalization of Rs. 500 crore or more must allocate 2% of their average net profit over the last three years to CSR activities. This is a statutory requirement under Section 135 of the Act. The average net profit is calculated based on the profits before tax of the last three years. This ensures that companies contribute a significant portion of their profits towards social and environmental initiatives.

Option Analysis:

Option A: 1% is incorrect as the statutory requirement is higher.
Option B: 2% is the correct statutory requirement under the Company Act, 2012.
Option C: 3% exceeds the statutory requirement.
Option D: 4% is significantly higher than the statutory requirement.

227. The largest muscle in our body is..... [Tamil Nadu PSC Examination-1992]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Gluteus Maximus.

Exam Relevance: Tamil Nadu PSC, UPSC, SSC, Civil Services

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The Gluteus Maximus is the largest muscle in the human body. It is a large, superficial muscle that forms the buttocks and is responsible for hip extension and external rotation.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Gluteus Maximus with other large muscles like the Rectus Abdominis or Sartorius, which are also significant but not the largest.

Explanations: The Gluteus Maximus is the largest muscle in the human body due to its size and the amount of muscle fibers it contains. It is primarily responsible for movements such as standing up from a seated position, climbing stairs, and maintaining posture while standing. Its large size and function make it the largest muscle in the body.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Gluteus Maximus is the largest muscle in the human body.
Option B: Stapedius muscle is the smallest muscle in the human body, not the largest.
Option C: Rectus Abdominis is a large muscle but not the largest in the body.
Option D: Sartorius muscle is the longest muscle in the body but not the largest.

Mnemonic: G-Max: Gluteus Maximus, the biggest.

228. The spinning of a body on its axis [SSC Stenographer Examination-2009]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Rotation.

Exam Relevance: SSC, UPSC, GRE, GMAT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Rotation refers to the spinning of a body on its axis.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse rotation with revolution, which is the movement of a body around another body.

Explanations: Rotation is the spinning of a body on its axis. This is the correct term for the motion described in the question. Revolution, on the other hand, refers to the movement of a body around another body, such as the Earth moving around the Sun. Nuclear fusion is the process by which atomic nuclei combine to form heavier nuclei, and inertia is the resistance of any physical object to changes in its velocity.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Revolution is incorrect because it refers to the movement of a body around another body, not spinning on its axis.
Option B: Rotation is the correct term for spinning on an axis.
Option C: Nuclear fusion is incorrect as it is a process related to atomic nuclei, not motion.
Option D: Inertia is incorrect as it is a property of matter, not a type of motion.

229. Which of the following religious figures is considered the greatest prophet in Islam? [Karnataka Postal Circle Examination-2008]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Mohammed.

Exam Relevance: Karnataka Postal Circle Examination, UPSC, SSC

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In Islam, Mohammed is considered the greatest prophet and the last prophet, known as the Seal of the Prophets.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Mohammed with other religious figures or prophets from different religions.

Explanations: Mohammed is the central figure in Islam, believed to be the last prophet sent by God to guide humanity. He is revered for his teachings and the establishment of the Islamic faith. Abraham is a significant prophet in Islam but not considered the greatest. Siddhartha Guatama is the founder of Buddhism, and the Dali Lama is a spiritual leader in Tibetan Buddhism, not related to Islam.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Abraham is a significant prophet in Islam but not considered the greatest.
Option B: Siddhartha Guatama is the founder of Buddhism, not related to Islam.
Option C: The Dali Lama is a spiritual leader in Tibetan Buddhism, not related to Islam.
Option D: Mohammed is the greatest prophet in Islam, the last prophet, and the founder of the Islamic faith.

Mnemonic: M: Mohammed, the Messenger

230. Belief in reincarnation [SSC JHT Examination-1987]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Both.

Exam Relevance: SSC, UPSC, Civil Services, Competitive Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Reincarnation is the belief that the soul or spirit of a living being can be reborn into another body after death. This belief is a core tenet in both Hinduism and Buddhism.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that reincarnation is exclusive to one religion, not recognizing its presence in multiple belief systems.

Explanations: Reincarnation is a fundamental belief in Hinduism, where the soul (atman) is believed to be reborn into a new body after death, based on the karma accumulated in the previous life. Similarly, in Buddhism, the concept of rebirth (samsara) is central, where the consciousness (vijnana) is reborn into a new existence based on the karma from past lives. Therefore, both religions hold the belief in reincarnation.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Hinduism believes in reincarnation, but this option does not account for Buddhism.
Option B: Buddhism also believes in reincarnation, but this option does not account for Hinduism.
Option C: Both Hinduism and Buddhism believe in reincarnation, making this the correct answer.
Option D: This option is incorrect as both religions do believe in reincarnation.

Mnemonic: Hindu-Buddha Rebirth Loop

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General knowledge MCQ - Set 23

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