General knowledge MCQ – Change your future

651. Which is the first programmable analog computer?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Castle Clock.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, Civil Services, IAS

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Castle Clock, invented by Al-Jazari in the 13th century, is considered the first programmable analog computer. It featured a complex mechanism that could be programmed to perform various tasks.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Castle Clock with other ancient devices like the South-Pointing Chariot or the Astrolabe, which were also significant inventions but not programmable analog computers.

Explanations: The Castle Clock, invented by Al-Jazari, was a sophisticated device that could be programmed to perform various tasks, such as indicating the time, displaying the phases of the moon, and playing music at specific intervals. This programmability makes it the first known analog computer. The other options, such as the South-Pointing Chariot, Planisphere, and Astrolabe, were important inventions but did not have the programmable capabilities of the Castle Clock.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The South-Pointing Chariot was an ancient Chinese vehicle that could indicate the south direction but was not a programmable analog computer.
Option B: The Planisphere is an ancient astronomical instrument used to represent the sky but lacks programmable features.
Option C: The Castle Clock, invented by Al-Jazari, was a programmable analog computer capable of performing various tasks based on programmed instructions.
Option D: The Astrolabe is an ancient astronomical device used for navigation and timekeeping but is not programmable.

Mnemonic: Clocks Compute, Al-Jazari's Masterpiece

652. Marketing intermediaries includes [Karnataka Postal Circle Examination-2010]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Both (a) and (b).

Exam Relevance: Karnataka Postal Circle Examination, UPSC, SSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Marketing intermediaries are entities that assist in the distribution of goods and services from producers to consumers. They include various types of organizations that facilitate the exchange process.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that marketing intermediaries are limited to physical distributors or retailers, overlooking the roles of marketing services agencies and financial intermediaries.

Explanations: Marketing intermediaries encompass a range of entities that assist in the distribution process. Marketing services agencies provide services such as advertising, market research, and public relations, which are crucial for promoting products and understanding consumer behavior. Financial intermediaries, such as banks and credit institutions, provide financing and other financial services that are essential for the smooth functioning of the marketing process. Therefore, both marketing services agencies and financial intermediaries are included in the broader category of marketing intermediaries.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Marketing services agencies are indeed a part of marketing intermediaries, but they do not encompass the entire category.
Option B: Financial intermediaries are also a part of marketing intermediaries, but they do not encompass the entire category.
Option C: Both marketing services agencies and financial intermediaries are included in the broader category of marketing intermediaries, making this the correct answer.
Option D: This option is incorrect as both marketing services agencies and financial intermediaries are valid components of marketing intermediaries.

653. Where are Cave Paintings found in India? [Indian Foreign Service Foreign (IFS) Examination-1988]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Ajanta.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, IFS, Civil Services, Competitive Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Ajanta caves are renowned for their ancient rock-cut cave paintings and sculptures, dating back to the 2nd century BCE to 6th century CE.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Ajanta with other famous historical sites in India, such as Khajuraho, which is known for its temples and sculptures rather than cave paintings.

Explanations: Ajanta caves are located in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra, India. These caves are famous for their exquisite frescoes and sculptures, which are considered some of the finest examples of ancient Indian art. The paintings depict scenes from the life of the Buddha, Jataka tales, and various other mythological and secular themes. The caves were rediscovered in the 19th century and are now a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Ajanta is the correct answer as it is well-known for its ancient cave paintings.
Option B: Khajuraho is famous for its temples and sculptures, not cave paintings.
Option C: Kanya Kumari is a coastal town in Tamil Nadu and is not known for cave paintings.
Option D: Mahabalipuram, also known as Mamallapuram, is known for its open-air bas-reliefs and rock-cut architecture, not cave paintings.

Mnemonic: A for Ajanta, Artistic Ancient Artwork

654. The correct combination among the following is [General Knowledge for SSC CGL Examination-1995]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Sports-Dhyan Chand AwardMilitary-Param Vir ChakraFilm-Dada Saheb Phalke.

Exam Relevance: SSC CGL, UPSC, Banking Exams, Railway Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The Dhyan Chand Award is given for excellence in sports, the Param Vir Chakra is the highest military award in India, and the Dada Saheb Phalke Award is given for lifetime contribution to Indian cinema.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Dhyan Chand Award with the Arjuna Award, which is also given for sports but to individual athletes.

Explanations: The Dhyan Chand Award is given for excellence in sports, recognizing outstanding contributions to the field. The Param Vir Chakra is the highest military award in India, given for the most conspicuous bravery or some daring or pre-eminent act of valor or self-sacrifice in the face of the enemy. The Dada Saheb Phalke Award is given for lifetime contribution to Indian cinema, recognizing individuals who have made significant contributions to the film industry.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because the Arjuna Award is given to individual athletes, not for overall sports excellence.
Option B: Incorrect because the Ashok Chakra is a civilian award, not a military one.
Option C: Correct as it accurately matches the awards to their respective fields.
Option D: Incorrect because the Golden Lotus Award is not a military award, it is a film award.

Mnemonic: Dhyan Chand for Sports, Param Vir for Valor, Phalke for Films.

655. Who was the Discoverer of the Penicillin? [Arunachal Pradesh Public Service Commission Examination-1990]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Alexander Fleming.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams, State PSC

Difficulty: Very Easy

Concept notes: Alexander Fleming is credited with the discovery of penicillin in 1928.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the discovery of penicillin with other scientific discoveries, such as Marie Curie's work on radioactivity.

Explanations: Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin accidentally when he noticed that a mold called Penicillium notatum had contaminated a petri dish and was killing the surrounding bacteria. This discovery led to the development of the first true antibiotic, which has saved countless lives since its introduction.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928.
Option B: Incorrect. Marie Curie is known for her work on radioactivity, not the discovery of penicillin.
Option C: Incorrect. Vladimir Koppen is known for his work in climatology, not the discovery of penicillin.
Option D: Incorrect. Watson and Crick are known for their discovery of the structure of DNA, not the discovery of penicillin.

Mnemonic: Fleming Found Fungus, Fought Bacteria.

656. Who was called 'dvija'? [General Knowledge for Indian Police Service (IPS) Examination-2015]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaishya.

Exam Relevance: Indian Police Service (IPS), Civil Services Examination (CSE), State Civil Services Examinations

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In ancient Indian society, the term 'dvija' referred to the first three varnas (Brahman, Kshatriya, and Vaishya) who were eligible for the sacred thread ceremony (Upanayana).

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the term 'dvija' with all four varnas, including Shudra, which is incorrect as Shudra was not considered 'twice-born'.

Explanations: The term 'dvija' means 'twice-born' and refers to the Brahman, Kshatriya, and Vaishya varnas. These three varnas were eligible for the Upanayana ceremony, which marked their second birth and initiation into the study of the Vedas. The Shudra varna was not included in this category as they were not eligible for the Upanayana ceremony.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Brahman, Kshatriya, and Vaishya were considered 'dvija' as they were eligible for the Upanayana ceremony.
Option B: Incorrect. Kshatriya and Vaishya were 'dvija', but Shudra was not.
Option C: Incorrect. Brahman and Vaishya were 'dvija', but Shudra was not.
Option D: Incorrect. Shudra and Kshatriya were not both 'dvija' as Shudra was not eligible for the Upanayana ceremony.

Mnemonic: Dvija: Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaishya - "BKV" for "Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaishya"

657. Which is correct? [West Bengal Postal Department Examination-2015]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) I know you're awesome, but so is Thor!.

Exam Relevance: West Bengal Postal Department Examination, Bank PO, SSC, UPSC

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The correct answer uses proper grammar and punctuation, specifically the contraction "you're" and the correct use of commas and periods.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the contraction "you're" with "your," leading to grammatical errors.

Explanations: The sentence "I know you're awesome, but so is Thor!" is grammatically correct. It uses the contraction "you're" which is the correct form of "you are." The sentence also uses proper punctuation with commas and a period. The alternative option "I know your awesome, but so is Thor!" is incorrect because "your" is a possessive pronoun and does not fit the context of the sentence.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Uses the contraction "you're" and proper punctuation.
Option B: Incorrect. Uses "your" instead of "you're," which is grammatically incorrect.
Option C: Incorrect. Neither option is correct, but A is the correct choice.
Option D: Incorrect. Option A is correct.

658. CRC stands for - [NTSE Examination-1984]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Cyclic redundancy check.

Exam Relevance: NTSE, GATE, GRE, GMAT

Difficulty: Very Easy

Concept notes: CRC stands for Cyclic Redundancy Check, a method used to detect errors in digital data.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse CRC with other similar-sounding terms like clock redundancy check.

Explanations: CRC is a method used to detect errors in digital data. It involves generating a checksum based on the data and comparing it with a received checksum to ensure data integrity. The term "cyclic" refers to the use of cyclic codes in the algorithm, and "redundancy" refers to the extra data added to the original data for error detection.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. CRC stands for Cyclic Redundancy Check.
Option B: Incorrect. Clock redundancy check is not a standard term in data transmission.
Option C: Incorrect. Clocking redundancy check is not a standard term in data transmission.
Option D: Incorrect. Cyclic redundancy clock is not a standard term in data transmission.

Mnemonic: CRC: Check, Redundancy, Cyclic

659. In which country Mount Everest is situated?? [ICET Examination-2002]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Nepal.

Exam Relevance: ICET, UPSC, GRE, GMAT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world and is located on the border between Nepal and Tibet (China).

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe Mount Everest is solely within Nepal or India.

Explanations: Mount Everest is situated on the border between Nepal and Tibet, which is part of China. However, the base camp and the majority of the climbing routes are in Nepal, making Nepal the primary country associated with Mount Everest.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Nepal is the primary country associated with Mount Everest.
Option B: Incorrect. India is not the primary country where Mount Everest is located.
Option C: Incorrect. While part of Mount Everest is in Tibet (China), Nepal is the primary country associated with it.
Option D: Incorrect. Sri Lanka is not related to the location of Mount Everest.

Mnemonic: Everest, Nepal, Peak

660. Sorrow of Orissa : Mahanadi : : Sorrow of Bihar : ..... [Arunachal Pradesh Public Service Commission Examination-1985]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Kosi.

Exam Relevance: UPSC Civil Services, State PSC Exams, Bank PO Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The phrase "Sorrow of Orissa" refers to the Mahanadi River, which often causes floods in the state of Orissa (now Odisha). Similarly, the "Sorrow of Bihar" refers to the Kosi River, which is known for its frequent and devastating floods in the state of Bihar.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Kosi River with other rivers in the region, such as the Damodar or Ganga, which are also significant but not specifically referred to as the "Sorrow of Bihar."

Explanations: The Kosi River is often called the "Sorrow of Bihar" due to its frequent and destructive floods. The river is known for its high sediment load and tendency to change course, leading to severe flooding and displacement of people in the region. This makes the Kosi a significant challenge for flood management and disaster relief efforts in Bihar.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Kosi is the correct answer as it is known as the "Sorrow of Bihar."
Option B: Damodar is known as the "Sorrow of Bengal," not Bihar.
Option C: Sutlej is a major river in the Punjab region and is not associated with Bihar.
Option D: Ganga, while a significant river, is not specifically referred to as the "Sorrow of Bihar."

Mnemonic: Kosi: "K" for "Kosi," "K" for "Killer" (due to its destructive floods).

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General knowledge MCQ - Set 66

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