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Reading comprehension questions answers for competitive exam


Question 1 [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER] |
Like all of Durkheim's work, suicide must be viewed in the context of his concern for social integration. Durkheim wanted to see if suicide rates within a social entity (for example, a group, organisation, or society) are related to the degree to which individuals are socially involved (integrated and regulated). Durkheim described three types of suicide: egoistic, altruistic and anomic. Egoistic suicide is promoted when individuals do not have sufficient social ties: since single (never married) adults, for example, are not heavily involved with family life, they are more likely to commit suicide than the married adults. Altruistic suicide, on the other hand, is more likely to occur when social integration is too strong. The ritual suicide of Hindu widows on their husbands' funeral pyres is one example. Military personnel, trained to lay down their lives for their country, provide another illustration.
Durkheim's third type of suicide-anomic suicide-increases when the social regulation of individuals is disrupted. For example, suicide rates increase during economic depression. People who suddenly find themselves without a job or without hope of finding one are more prone to kill themselves. Suicides may also increase during periods of prosperity. People may loosen their social ties by taking new jobs, moving to new communities, or finding new mates.
Using data from the government population reports of several countries (much of it from the French Government Statistical Office), Durkheim found strong support for his line of reasoning. Suicide rates were higher among single than married people, among military personnel than civilians, among divorced than married people, and among people involved in nationwide economic crises.
It is important to realise that Durkheim's primary interest was not in the empirical (observable) indicators he used, such as suicide rates among military personnel, married people, and so forth. Rather, Durkheim used the following indicators to support several of his contentions. (a) Social behaviour can be explained by social rather than psychological factors. (b) Suicide is affected by the degree of integration and regulation within social entities; and (c) Since society can be studied scientifically, sociology is worthy of recognition in the academic world.
Durkheim was successful on all three counts.
In this study of suicide, Durkheim's main purpose was:
to document that suicide can be explained without reference to the individual. | |
to provide an explanation of the variation in the rate of suicide across societies. | |
to categorize various types of suicide. | |
to document that social behavior can be explained by social rather than psychological factors. |
Question 2 [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER] |
absence of social ties. | |
disruption of social regulation. | |
nature of social integration | |
all of the above. |
Question 3 [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER] |
anomic suicide | |
altruistic suicide | |
egoistic suicide | |
none of the above |
Question 4 [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER] |
altruistic suicide | |
anomic suicide | |
egoistic suicide | |
none of the above |
Question 5 [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER] |
a manifestation of strong social integration | |
an example of brutality against women | |
an example of anomic suicide | |
an example of egoistic suicide |
Question 6 [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER] |
altruistic suicide | |
anomic suicide | |
egoistic suicide | |
both A and C |
Question 7 [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER] |
military personal than among civilians. | |
single people than among married people. | |
divorcees than among married people. | |
people involved in nation-wide economic crisis. |
Question 8 [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER] |
social behavior is explicable through social factors. | |
suicide is contingent upon the degree of regulation and interaction. | |
recognizing sociology is to acknowledge that society is susceptible to scientific investigation. | |
All of the above. |
Question 9 [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER] |
right on some counts not others. | |
vindicated on all counts | |
wrong but did not realise that he was right. | |
substantially correct but formally wrong. |