Research Aptitude MCQ collection

171. Recognition for a notable deed

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Acknowledgement.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Acknowledgement is the act of recognizing and showing appreciation for a notable deed or achievement.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse acknowledgement with other forms of recognition, such as awards or prizes.

Explanations: Acknowledgement is the appropriate term for recognizing a notable deed, as it involves formally or informally expressing appreciation or recognition for an action or achievement.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Previous Studies is not related to recognizing a notable deed.
Option B: Primary Data is related to research and data collection, not recognition.
Option C: Post-Test is related to assessment after a test, not recognition.
Option D: Acknowledgement is the correct term for recognizing a notable deed.

172. A farmer considers the age-old method of ploughing better then the latest methods available to him. In arriving at this conclusion, he is being influenced by:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Tradition.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, Civil Services, Competitive Reasoning Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The farmer's preference for the age-old method of ploughing over modern methods indicates a reliance on traditional practices.

Common Mistakes: Students might confuse tradition with experience, thinking the farmer's preference is based on personal experience rather than long-standing practices.

Explanations: The farmer's conclusion is influenced by tradition because he values the age-old method over the latest methods available. This preference for established practices over new ones is a hallmark of traditional thinking.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Tradition is the correct answer as it aligns with the farmer's preference for established methods.
Option B: Experimentation involves trying new methods, which the farmer is not doing.
Option C: Reason involves logical thinking, which is not the primary influence here.
Option D: Experience refers to personal knowledge gained from doing something, which is not the main factor in the farmer's decision.

173. With whom is the sociometric technique closely identified?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) J. F. Moreno.

Exam Relevance: Social Psychology Exams, Psychology Exams, Sociology Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The sociometric technique is a method used to measure and analyze social relationships within a group. It is closely associated with J. L. Moreno, who developed this technique in the early 20th century.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse J. F. Moreno with other psychologists or sociologists who have contributed to the field of social psychology.

Explanations: J. L. Moreno is credited with developing the sociometric technique, which involves the systematic measurement of social relationships within a group. This technique is used to identify patterns of social interaction and to understand the structure of social networks.

Option Analysis:

Option A: P. V. Young is not associated with the sociometric technique.
Option B: J. F. Moreno is the correct answer as he developed the sociometric technique.
Option C: Henry A. Murray is known for his work in personality assessment, not sociometry.
Option D: Helen Jennings is not associated with the sociometric technique.

Mnemonic: Sociometry: Moreno's Measure

174. If the sample drawn does not specify any condition about the parameter of the population, it is called

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Distribution free statistics.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, AP Statistics, Undergraduate Statistics Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Distribution free statistics, also known as non-parametric statistics, do not make assumptions about the distribution of the population parameter. They are used when the sample does not specify any conditions about the population parameter.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse distribution free statistics with selected statistics, which are specific measures derived from a sample, or with a census, which is a complete enumeration of a population.

Explanations: Distribution free statistics are appropriate when the sample does not specify any conditions about the population parameter. This is because they do not rely on assumptions about the underlying distribution of the data, making them suitable for a wide range of scenarios where the population parameter is not well-defined or known.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Selected statistics refer to specific measures derived from a sample, not a method that does not specify conditions about the population parameter.
Option B: Distribution free statistics are the correct choice as they do not make assumptions about the population parameter.
Option C: A census is a complete enumeration of a population, not a statistical method that does not specify conditions about the population parameter.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the correct answer is provided.

175. A map, chart, graph or table used to illustrate facts or data in a way that can be best shown in a format other than plain text

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Visual aid.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Exams, IB Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A visual aid is a tool used to present information in a visual format, such as a map, chart, graph, or table, to make data more understandable and accessible.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse visual aids with other textual aids like bold print, which is used for emphasis rather than data representation.

Explanations: A visual aid is the correct answer because it encompasses maps, charts, graphs, and tables, which are all used to illustrate facts or data in a visual format. Bold print, table of contents, and index do not serve the same purpose of data visualization.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Visual aids include maps, charts, graphs, and tables used to illustrate data.
Option B: Incorrect. Bold print is used for emphasis in text, not for data visualization.
Option C: Incorrect. A table of contents is a list of the main topics or sections in a document, not a visual representation of data.
Option D: Incorrect. An index is an alphabetical list of topics and their page numbers, not a visual representation of data.

176. Which among the following is a characteristic of qualitative research?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) It is very personal and takes place in social interactions.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Research Methods exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Qualitative research focuses on understanding the underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It is exploratory and often involves personal and social interactions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse qualitative research with quantitative research, which is more structured and objective.

Explanations: Qualitative research is characterized by its personal and social nature, often involving direct interactions with participants. This approach aims to capture the subjective experiences and perspectives of individuals, making it very personal and taking place in social interactions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This describes quantitative research, which is highly structured and objective.
Option B: This correctly describes qualitative research, which is personal and involves social interactions.
Option C: This describes quantitative research, which aims for exact answers and scientific precision.
Option D: This is incorrect as option B is the correct answer.

177. The teacher brought ..... cookies to celebrate.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Us.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, TOEFL, IELTS

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The correct answer involves understanding the appropriate use of pronouns in a sentence.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the use of pronouns, especially when dealing with indirect objects.

Explanations: The sentence "The teacher brought ..... cookies to celebrate" requires an indirect object pronoun. "Us" is the correct pronoun to use as it indicates the teacher brought the cookies for the students. The other options (We, I, Them) do not fit grammatically or contextually in this sentence.

Option Analysis:

Option A: "We" is a subject pronoun and does not fit as an indirect object in this sentence.
Option B: "I" is a subject pronoun and does not fit as an indirect object in this sentence.
Option C: "Us" is the correct indirect object pronoun to use in this context.
Option D: "Them" is an indirect object pronoun but does not fit the context of the sentence.

178. Which is the device for a graphic and straightforward portrayal of the total configuration of relations among the members of a group at some given point in time?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Sociometry.

Exam Relevance: Social Psychology Exams, Sociology Exams, Organizational Behavior Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Sociometry is a method used to study the social relationships within a group. It provides a graphic and straightforward portrayal of the total configuration of relations among the members of a group at a given point in time.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse sociometry with other psychological or sociological methods, such as group dynamics or psychodynamics, which do not specifically focus on the mapping of social relationships.

Explanations: Sociometry is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to map and analyze the social relationships within a group. It uses techniques such as sociograms to visually represent these relationships, making it a graphic and straightforward method for understanding the social structure of a group.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Group dynamics focuses on the processes that occur within groups, but it does not specifically provide a graphic portrayal of social relationships.
Option B: Psychometry is the branch of psychology concerned with the measurement of mental traits, abilities, and processes, and does not focus on social relationships.
Option C: Psychodynamics is the study of the psychological forces that underlie human behavior, particularly unconscious processes, and does not specifically map social relationships.
Option D: Sociometry is the correct answer as it provides a graphic and straightforward portrayal of the total configuration of relations among the members of a group.

Mnemonic: Sociogram, Social Map, Group Web

179. The heading of a row in a statistical table is known as

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Stub.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, Statistics Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In a statistical table, the heading of a row is known as a stub.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the stub with the caption, which refers to the title of the entire table.

Explanations: The stub is the term used for the row headings in a statistical table. It provides a label for each row, distinguishing the different categories or variables being presented.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Row refers to the horizontal arrangement of data in a table, not the heading.
Option B: Stub is the correct term for the row heading in a statistical table.
Option C: Caption refers to the title of the entire table, not the row heading.
Option D: Column refers to the vertical arrangement of data in a table, not the heading.

Mnemonic: S - Stub, R - Row, C - Column, T - Table

180. Descriptive research's objective is to .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Describe.

Exam Relevance: Research Methods, Psychology Exams, Sociology Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Descriptive research aims to describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse descriptive research with exploratory research, which aims to explore and understand phenomena rather than describe them.

Explanations: Descriptive research focuses on describing the characteristics of a population or phenomenon. It aims to provide a detailed and accurate picture of the current state of affairs without necessarily seeking to explain why these characteristics exist. This aligns with the objective of describing.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Descriptive research aims to describe the characteristics of a population or phenomenon.
Option B: Incorrect. Exploratory research aims to explore and understand phenomena, not describe them.
Option C: Incorrect. Testing is typically associated with experimental research, not descriptive research.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as the correct answer is provided.

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Research Aptitude MCQ collection - Set 18

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