Research Aptitude MCQ collection

851. While writing a research report investigators mostly arrange items in Bibliography in

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) In a single alphabetized list.

Exam Relevance: APA Style Exam, MLA Style Exam, Chicago Style Exam

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In academic writing, bibliographies are typically organized in a single, alphabetized list to ensure clarity and ease of reference for readers.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that items should be grouped by type (e.g., books, periodicals) rather than alphabetized.

Explanations: The correct answer is that items in a bibliography are arranged in a single alphabetized list. This method ensures that all sources are easily accessible and organized in a consistent manner, facilitating quick reference for readers. Grouping items by type can lead to confusion and is not the standard practice in academic writing.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option suggests grouping items by type, which is not the standard practice in academic writing.
Option B: This is the correct answer as it aligns with the standard practice of organizing bibliographies in a single, alphabetized list.
Option C: This option is incorrect because it suggests both methods are used, which is not the case in standard academic practice.
Option D: This option is incorrect as it suggests neither method is used, which contradicts the standard practice.

Mnemonic: A for Alphabetized

852. Schedule is filled by.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Enumerator.

Exam Relevance: Census, Survey Methodology Exams, Data Collection Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The schedule in survey research is typically filled by the enumerator, who is responsible for collecting data from respondents.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that the respondent fills out the schedule themselves, but in survey methodology, the enumerator is the one who records the information.

Explanations: In survey research, the enumerator is the individual who interacts with the respondent and records the data. The schedule, which is a structured form used to collect data, is filled by the enumerator based on the information provided by the respondent.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The respondent does not fill the schedule; they provide the information to the enumerator.
Option B: The enumerator is responsible for filling the schedule based on the information provided by the respondent.
Option C: It is not filled by everybody; it is specifically the responsibility of the enumerator.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the enumerator is the correct answer.

Mnemonic: Enumerator = E for Entry, filling the schedule.

853. To study the relationship of family size with income a researcher classifies his population into different income slabs and then takes a random sample from each slab. Which technique of sampling does he adopt?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Stratified Random Sampling.

Exam Relevance: AP Statistics, GRE, GMAT, MBA Entrance Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Stratified random sampling involves dividing the population into distinct subgroups (strata) based on a characteristic, and then taking a random sample from each subgroup.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse stratified random sampling with simple random sampling, where the entire population is treated as a single group without any stratification.

Explanations: The researcher classifies the population into different income slabs, which are the strata. Then, a random sample is taken from each slab. This method ensures that each income group is represented in the sample, which is the essence of stratified random sampling.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Random Sampling does not involve dividing the population into subgroups. It selects a sample randomly from the entire population without any stratification.
Option B: Stratified Random Sampling involves dividing the population into strata and then taking a random sample from each stratum, which matches the researcher's method.
Option C: Cluster Sampling involves dividing the population into clusters and then randomly selecting entire clusters to sample, which is not the case here.
Option D: Systematic Sampling involves selecting every nth member of the population after a random start, which is not the method used by the researcher.

Mnemonic: SRS: Stratify, Randomly Sample

854. Many concepts find their origin from

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Many languages.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP World History, AP English Language

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Many concepts in various fields, such as science, philosophy, and law, originate from multiple languages, including Latin, Greek, and English, among others.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that most concepts originate from a single language, such as Latin or Greek, without considering the contributions of other languages.

Explanations: The correct answer is that many concepts find their origin from many languages. This is because the development of knowledge and terminology has been influenced by various cultures and languages throughout history. For example, Latin and Greek have contributed significantly to scientific and philosophical terms, while English has become a dominant language in modern scientific and technological discourse. Therefore, it is accurate to say that concepts originate from a variety of languages.

Option Analysis:

Option A: English is a significant language for modern scientific and technological discourse but not the sole origin of many concepts.
Option B: Latin has contributed many terms to science and law but is not the sole origin of many concepts.
Option C: Greek has contributed many terms to philosophy and science but is not the sole origin of many concepts.
Option D: Many languages have contributed to the development of concepts across various fields.

855. What is not correct?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) It is accepted by many people.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Biology, AP Chemistry

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A scientific truth is established through experimental evidence and logical reasoning, not by popular opinion.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that widespread acceptance is a valid criterion for scientific truth.

Explanations: A scientific truth is determined through rigorous experimentation and logical reasoning, not by the number of people who believe it. Scientific truths are based on empirical evidence and reproducibility, not on popularity or consensus.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This is correct as scientific truths are established through experimental evidence.
Option B: This is correct as scientific truths are derived through logical reasoning.
Option C: This is incorrect as scientific truths are not determined by popular acceptance.
Option D: This is correct as scientific truths can be replicated through repeated experiments.

856. The control of extraneous variables in experimental research after the treatment is given can be done through a technique called

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Analysis of Co-variance.

Exam Relevance: Psychology exams, Statistics exams, Research Methods exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Analysis of Co-variance (ANCOVA) is a statistical technique used to control for extraneous variables in experimental research by adjusting the dependent variable scores based on the covariate.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse ANCOVA with other statistical techniques like ANOVA or regression, which do not specifically address the control of extraneous variables in the same way.

Explanations: Analysis of Co-variance (ANCOVA) is used to control for extraneous variables by adjusting the dependent variable scores based on the covariate. This technique helps to isolate the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable by accounting for the influence of the covariate. This makes ANCOVA an effective method for controlling extraneous variables after the treatment is given.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Statistical Regression is a method used to predict the value of a dependent variable based on one or more independent variables, but it does not specifically control for extraneous variables in experimental research.
Option B: One-way ANOVA is used to compare means across different groups but does not control for extraneous variables.
Option C: Analysis of Co-variance (ANCOVA) is the correct technique for controlling extraneous variables by adjusting the dependent variable scores based on the covariate.
Option D: Post-Test is a measurement taken after the treatment but does not control for extraneous variables.

Mnemonic: ANCOVA: Adjust, Control, Variance, Analysis

857. One of the preoccupations of quantitative researchers is with generalization, which is a sign of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) External validity.

Exam Relevance: GRE, MCAT, Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: External validity refers to the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other settings, populations, or times.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse external validity with internal validity, which is about the causal relationship within the study itself.

Explanations: Generalization is a key aspect of external validity. Researchers aim to ensure that their findings can be applied beyond the specific conditions of the study. This is why external validity is the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: External reliability is not a standard term in research methodology. Reliability typically refers to the consistency of a measure.
Option B: Internal reliability refers to the consistency of a measure within a study, not the generalizability of the results.
Option C: External validity is the correct answer because it pertains to the generalizability of the study's findings.
Option D: Internal validity concerns the causal relationship within the study, not the generalizability of the results.

858. MLA is the system for .

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Documenting Sources.

Exam Relevance: English Literature, Composition, Humanities

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: MLA stands for Modern Language Association and is a widely used system for documenting sources in academic writing.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse MLA with other citation styles like APA or Chicago, which have different rules for formatting and documenting sources.

Explanations: MLA is specifically designed to provide a consistent format for citing sources in academic papers, particularly in the humanities. It includes guidelines for in-text citations, works cited pages, and formatting papers. The primary purpose of MLA is to ensure that writers give proper credit to the sources they use in their work, thereby avoiding plagiarism.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. MLA is used for documenting sources in academic writing.
Option B: Incorrect. While MLA does have rules, it is not primarily a system of rules and regulations.
Option C: Incorrect. Although MLA involves orderly arrangement, this is not its primary purpose.
Option D: Incorrect. MLA is not used for evaluating research, but rather for documenting sources used in research.

859. Look forward and prepare to act thoughtfully. In this phase, researchers try to articulate what it is about their situation that needs improvement.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Plan.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, Research Methodology Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In the context of research, the phase of looking forward and preparing to act thoughtfully involves planning. This phase is crucial for articulating what needs improvement in the current situation.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse this phase with the "Act" phase, where the actual implementation of the plan takes place.

Explanations: The "Plan" phase is where researchers articulate what needs improvement and develop a strategy to address these issues. This phase is distinct from the "Act" phase, which involves implementing the plan, and the "Observe" and "Reflect" phases, which involve monitoring and evaluating the outcomes.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Plan - Correct, as it involves articulating what needs improvement and developing a strategy.
Option B: Act - Incorrect, as this phase involves implementing the plan, not planning.
Option C: Observe - Incorrect, as this phase involves monitoring the outcomes, not planning.
Option D: Reflect - Incorrect, as this phase involves evaluating the outcomes, not planning.

Mnemonic: P-L-A-N: Prepare, Look, Articulate, Navigate

860. What takes place after the climax that prepares the story for its resolution?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Falling action.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP English Literature

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Falling action occurs after the climax and leads to the resolution of the story.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse falling action with resolution, as both occur after the climax.

Explanations: Falling action is the sequence of events that occur after the climax, which is the highest point of tension in a story. It involves the unraveling of the plot and the beginning of the story's conclusion. This phase sets the stage for the resolution, where the story's conflicts are resolved.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Resolution is the final part of the story where conflicts are resolved, not the phase that occurs immediately after the climax.
Option B: Rising action builds up to the climax, not what follows it.
Option C: Falling action is the correct phase that occurs after the climax and leads to the resolution.
Option D: Exposition introduces the setting, characters, and initial situation, which occurs at the beginning of the story.

Mnemonic: Climax to Resolution: FALL (Falling Action Leads to Loosening)

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Research Aptitude MCQ collection - Set 86

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