sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

441. An example of a permanent or enduring subculture would be.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) The military establishment.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A permanent or enduring subculture is a group that maintains its distinct identity and practices over a long period of time, often with institutional support and a stable organizational structure.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse temporary or short-lived subcultures with enduring ones, mistaking groups that form in response to specific events or crises as enduring subcultures.

Explanations: The military establishment is a permanent or enduring subculture because it has a long-standing history, a stable organizational structure, and institutional support that allows it to maintain its distinct identity and practices over time. Unlike guerrillas, survivalist enclaves, or doomsday cults, which may be more transient or formed in response to specific crises, the military establishment is a long-standing institution with enduring cultural practices and traditions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A group of guerrillas is not a permanent subculture as it is often formed in response to specific conflicts and may disband once the conflict ends.
Option B: The military establishment is a permanent subculture due to its long-standing history, stable organizational structure, and institutional support.
Option C: Life in a survivalist enclave is not a permanent subculture as it is often formed in response to perceived threats and may not have the institutional support to endure over time.
Option D: A doomsday cult is not a permanent subculture as it is often formed around a specific belief or event and may disband once the event occurs or the belief changes.

Mnemonic: Mnemonic: MESS (Military Establishment: Stable and Structured)

442. The unraveling of soviet communism can be traced to.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of the above.

Exam Relevance: AP European History, World History, Political Science Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The unraveling of Soviet communism can be attributed to multiple factors, including the failure to meet raised expectations, the oppressive role of the Communist Party, and the economic failure to provide consumer goods.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that only one factor led to the collapse of Soviet communism, overlooking the complex interplay of multiple issues.

Explanations: The failure to meet raised expectations refers to the inability of the Soviet system to fulfill the growing demands of its citizens for a better standard of living and political freedoms. The oppressive role of the Communist Party involved the suppression of dissent and the maintenance of a rigid, centralized control over society. The failure of the Soviet economy to provide consumer goods highlights the inefficiencies and stagnation within the planned economy, leading to shortages and dissatisfaction among the populace. All these factors contributed to the eventual collapse of the Soviet system, making option D the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The failure in raised expectations is a valid reason for the collapse of Soviet communism.
Option B: The oppressive role of the Communist Party is another significant factor in the unraveling of Soviet communism.
Option C: The failure of the Soviet economy to provide consumer goods is also a contributing factor.
Option D: This option correctly identifies that all the above factors played a role in the collapse of Soviet communism.

443. Who is the author of the book 'Rules of Sociological method'?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Emile Durkheim.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Emile Durkheim is known for his contributions to sociology, including the publication of 'Rules of Sociological Method'.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the author with other prominent sociologists such as Max Weber or Auguste Comte.

Explanations: Emile Durkheim published 'Rules of Sociological Method' in 1895, which outlines the principles and methods for conducting sociological research. This work is foundational in the field of sociology and is attributed to Durkheim.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Max Weber is known for his work on bureaucracy and the Protestant Ethic, not for 'Rules of Sociological Method'.
Option B: Auguste Comte is known as the father of sociology and coined the term 'sociology', but he did not write 'Rules of Sociological Method'.
Option C: Vilfredo Pareto is known for his work in economics and the Pareto principle, not for 'Rules of Sociological Method'.
Option D: Emile Durkheim is the correct author of 'Rules of Sociological Method'.

Mnemonic: D for Durkheim, D for 'Rules of Sociological Method'.

444. In which type of society does production shift to manufactured goods?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Industrial.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, Sociology Exams, Economics Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In an industrial society, production shifts from agricultural and manual labor to manufacturing and industrial processes.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the industrial society with the postindustrial society, where the focus shifts from manufacturing to service and information-based economies.

Explanations: The industrial society is characterized by the shift from agricultural and manual labor to the production of manufactured goods. This transition is marked by the use of machinery, factories, and mass production techniques. The industrial society is distinct from the preindustrial society, which relies on agriculture and manual labor, and the postindustrial society, which focuses on service and information-based economies.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Postindustrial societies focus on service and information-based economies, not manufactured goods.
Option B: Preindustrial societies rely on agriculture and manual labor, not manufactured goods.
Option C: Industrial societies are characterized by the production of manufactured goods through the use of machinery and factories.
Option D: Horticultural societies focus on plant cultivation and agriculture, not manufactured goods.

445. Which of the following are considerations before doing scientific research?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of the above.

Exam Relevance: GRE, MCAT, LSAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Before conducting scientific research, it is essential to consider various factors including the choice of method, ethical issues, and legal considerations.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the importance of legal considerations, focusing only on ethical issues and the choice of method.

Explanations: The choice of method is crucial as it determines the validity and reliability of the research findings. Ethical issues must be addressed to ensure the research is conducted responsibly and respects the rights and welfare of participants. Legal considerations are necessary to comply with regulations and avoid legal repercussions. Therefore, all these factors are important considerations before conducting scientific research.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The choice of method is a critical consideration in scientific research as it affects the quality and validity of the results.
Option B: Ethical issues are important to ensure the research is conducted responsibly and ethically, protecting the rights and welfare of participants.
Option C: Legal considerations are necessary to ensure compliance with relevant laws and regulations, avoiding legal issues.
Option D: All of the above are correct as they encompass the essential considerations before conducting scientific research.

446. Some criminals are ..... and suffer from an antisocial mental disorder.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Sociopaths.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Sociopaths are individuals with antisocial personality disorder, characterized by a disregard for the rights of others and a lack of empathy.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse sociopaths with psychopaths, which are similar but have distinct characteristics.

Explanations: Sociopaths are individuals who suffer from an antisocial mental disorder, characterized by a persistent disregard for the rights of others and a lack of empathy. This makes them the correct choice for the given statement.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Sociology is the study of human society and social behavior, not a type of criminal behavior.
Option B: Disassociate is a verb meaning to separate or disconnect, not a type of criminal behavior.
Option C: Sociopaths are individuals with antisocial personality disorder, fitting the description in the question.
Option D: Unsocial refers to a lack of social interaction, but does not specifically describe a mental disorder.

Mnemonic: Sociopaths: "S" for "Socially" Disconnected

447. Which of the following sections of society is given 27%reservation in government services?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Other backward classes.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams, State PSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The reservation system in India aims to provide opportunities to historically disadvantaged groups. The reservation percentages are allocated among different categories to ensure representation in government services.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the reservation percentages among different categories such as Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes.

Explanations: The reservation system in India allocates 27% of government services to Other Backward Classes (OBCs). This reservation is part of the affirmative action policies to uplift socially and educationally backward classes. The correct answer is Other Backward Classes because the reservation percentage of 27% is specifically designated for this category.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Scheduled Castes are allocated a different percentage of reservation, not 27%.
Option B: Scheduled Tribes are also allocated a different percentage of reservation, not 27%.
Option C: Other Backward Classes are allocated 27% reservation in government services.
Option D: Ex-soldiers do not have a specific reservation percentage in government services.

Mnemonic: OBC 27, Reservation for uplift.

448. Social Location

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Set of information that determines an individual place within their community.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Work exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Social location refers to the set of characteristics that define an individual's position within a social structure or community.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse social location with other sociological concepts such as social stratification or social mobility.

Explanations: Social location is a concept that encompasses various factors such as race, gender, socioeconomic status, and geographic location. These factors collectively determine an individual's position within their community and influence their experiences and interactions. The correct answer accurately reflects this definition by stating that it is a set of information that determines an individual's place within their community.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Social location is indeed a set of information that determines an individual's place within their community.
Option B: Incorrect. This describes validity, not social location.
Option C: Incorrect. This describes a sample, not social location.
Option D: Incorrect. This describes a population, not social location.

449. The interviewer can easily become an influencing variable in the research - this is known most commonly as

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Interviewer Bias.

Exam Relevance: Psychology exams, Sociology exams, Research Methods exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Interviewer Bias refers to the influence an interviewer can have on the responses of the interviewee, potentially skewing the results of the research.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Interviewer Bias with Interviewer Effect, which is a broader term that includes various ways an interviewer can influence the interview process.

Explanations: Interviewer Bias occurs when the interviewer's behavior, attitudes, or actions influence the responses of the interviewee. This can happen through leading questions, body language, or other subtle cues that may affect the interviewee's answers. The term "Interviewer Bias" specifically highlights the potential for the interviewer to introduce systematic errors into the data collection process, thereby affecting the validity and reliability of the research findings.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Interviewer Effect is a broader term that encompasses various ways an interviewer can influence the interview process, not just bias.
Option B: Interviewer Bias is the correct term for the influence an interviewer can have on the responses of the interviewee, potentially skewing the results of the research.
Option C: Interviewer interference is not a standard term used in research methodology.
Option D: Interviewer Influence is a general term and not as specific as Interviewer Bias.

450. Consider the following Statements: Sport is hard to define. People who come to the U.S. from other countries are frequently surprised at how little importance Americans place on winning at sport. One reason that sociologists ask open-ended questions is that the results are relatively easy to quantify Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Only 1,.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Cultural Studies exams, Research Methods exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The correct answer is based on the truth value of each statement provided.

Common Mistakes: Students may incorrectly assume that all statements are true or false based on their own experiences or biases.

Explanations: Statement 1 is true: Sport is indeed hard to define due to its varied forms and cultural interpretations. Statement 2 is false: The statement about Americans placing little importance on winning is not universally true and varies widely. Statement 3 is false: Open-ended questions in sociology are typically used to gather detailed responses, not because they are easy to quantify.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because statement 2 is false.
Option B: Correct because only statement 1 is true.
Option C: Incorrect because both statements 2 and 3 are false.
Option D: Incorrect because statement 3 is false.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 45”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

Please send sociology mcq e book,,,, thank you,,,

3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 45”

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