sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

461. This is a set of standards for doing sociological research that prevents bias and protects the rights, privacy, integrity, dignity, and freedom of research participants.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Code of Ethics.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, GRE Sociology, Sociology PhD Qualifying Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Code of Ethics in sociology is a set of standards designed to prevent bias and protect the rights, privacy, integrity, dignity, and freedom of research participants.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Code of Ethics with other regulatory frameworks like FERPA or HIPAA, which are specific to education and healthcare, respectively.

Explanations: The Code of Ethics in sociology is specifically designed to ensure that sociological research is conducted in a manner that respects the rights and dignity of participants. It includes guidelines to prevent bias, protect privacy, and ensure the integrity of the research process. This makes it the most appropriate answer for the given question.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Code of Research is not a standard term in sociology and does not specifically address the protection of participants' rights and privacy.
Option B: Code of Ethics is the correct term for the set of standards that prevent bias and protect the rights, privacy, integrity, dignity, and freedom of research participants.
Option C: Scientific Method is a process for experimentation and inquiry, not a set of ethical standards.
Option D: FERPA & HIPAA are specific regulations for education and healthcare, not general ethical guidelines for sociological research.

462. A smaller group that's representative of the population.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Sample.

Exam Relevance: AP Statistics, IB Mathematics, SAT Math

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A sample is a subset of a population that is selected to represent the entire population.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse a sample with a census, which involves collecting data from every member of the population.

Explanations: A sample is a smaller group that is representative of the population. It is used in statistics and research to make inferences about the larger population without having to study every individual. The term "sample" accurately describes this concept.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. A sample is a smaller group that is representative of the population.
Option B: Incorrect. "Oligodem" is not a recognized term in statistics or research.
Option C: Incorrect. "Demo group" is not a standard term used in statistics or research.
Option D: Incorrect. "Small group" is too vague and does not specifically imply representativeness of the population.

Mnemonic: S - Sample, R - Representative, P - Population

463. The study of groups and group interactions, societies and social interactions, from small and personal groups to very large groups.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Sociology.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, GRE Subject Test in Psychology, Sociology PhD entrance exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Sociology is the study of groups and group interactions, societies and social interactions, ranging from small and personal groups to very large groups.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse sociology with psychology, which focuses more on individual behavior and mental processes rather than group dynamics.

Explanations: Sociology specifically examines the structure and dynamics of human societies, including the interactions within and between groups. It encompasses the study of social institutions, social behavior, and social change. Psychology, on the other hand, focuses on individual mental processes and behaviors. Anthropology studies human societies and cultures, but it often includes a broader scope that can extend to biological and linguistic aspects. Societal Studies is not a recognized academic discipline.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Psychology focuses on individual mental processes and behaviors, not group interactions.
Option B: Anthropology studies human societies and cultures, but it often includes biological and linguistic aspects, not just group interactions.
Option C: Sociology is the correct answer as it specifically studies groups and group interactions, societies, and social interactions.
Option D: Societal Studies is not a recognized academic discipline.

Mnemonic: Sociology: Study of Society

464. ..... is striving of two or more persons for the same goal

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Competition.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Psychology

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Competition is defined as the striving of two or more individuals for the same goal, often involving rivalry and the desire to outperform others.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse competition with conflict, which involves opposition or disagreement, rather than striving for a shared goal.

Explanations: Competition involves individuals or groups working towards the same goal, often with the intention of outperforming others. This aligns with the definition provided in the question, making competition the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Co-operation involves working together towards a common goal, which does not fit the definition of striving against others.
Option B: Competition involves striving for the same goal, often with the intention of outperforming others, which matches the definition given.
Option C: Conflict involves opposition or disagreement, which is not the same as striving for a shared goal.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect as competition fits the definition provided.

465. What is biomedical Approach?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness.

Exam Relevance: MCAT, USMLE, NCLEX

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The biomedical approach in healthcare emphasizes the physical and biological factors that contribute to disease and illness.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the biomedical approach with a holistic approach, which considers psychological and social factors in addition to biological ones.

Explanations: The biomedical approach focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness. This means it examines the physiological, anatomical, and biochemical factors that contribute to health conditions. It does not consider psychological or social factors, which are more relevant to other approaches like the biopsychosocial model.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because the biomedical approach does not solely focus on curing health issues; it primarily examines the biological and physical aspects of disease.
Option B: This option is too broad. While the biomedical approach does look at biology, it specifically focuses on the physical and biological aspects of disease and illness.
Option C: This option is partially correct but incomplete. The biomedical approach does focus on physical aspects, but it also includes biological factors, making option D more comprehensive.
Option D: This option is correct as it accurately describes the biomedical approach, which focuses on the physical and biological aspects of disease and illness.

466. The first stage of the demographic transition is called the.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Pretransition stage.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Geography, A-Level Geography

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The demographic transition model describes the five stages of population growth in a society. The first stage is known as the pretransition stage.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the pretransition stage with the transition stage, which is the second stage of the demographic transition model.

Explanations: The pretransition stage is characterized by high birth rates and high death rates, resulting in a stable population size. This stage is typical of pre-industrial societies where medical advancements and improvements in living conditions have not yet occurred. The claimed correct answer, the pretransition stage, accurately describes the first stage of the demographic transition model.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The pretransition stage is the first stage of the demographic transition model.
Option B: Incorrect. The transition stage is the second stage, not the first.
Option C: Incorrect. The post-transition stage is the fifth stage, not the first.
Option D: Incorrect. There is no initiation stage in the demographic transition model.

467. Using ....., Comte applied the scientific method to the social world.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Positivism.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Philosophy exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Auguste Comte, a French philosopher, is known for developing positivism, a philosophical theory that emphasizes the use of scientific methods to understand the social world.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse positivism with other philosophical approaches, such as negativism or natural science, which do not specifically apply the scientific method to social phenomena.

Explanations: Comte applied the scientific method to the social world through positivism, which posits that knowledge should be based on empirical evidence and logical reasoning. This approach emphasizes the importance of observable and measurable data in understanding social phenomena, aligning with the principles of positivism.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Negativism is not the correct answer as it does not align with Comte's emphasis on empirical evidence and logical reasoning in understanding the social world.
Option B: Positivism is the correct answer as it is the philosophical approach that Comte used to apply the scientific method to the social world.
Option C: Natural science, while related to the scientific method, does not specifically refer to Comte's application of the scientific method to social phenomena.
Option D: Anthropology, while a social science, is not the philosophical approach that Comte used to apply the scientific method to the social world.

468. What are the principles of society that relates to the development of education in a country?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Economy, class and social equalities.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Education Policy exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The development of education in a country is influenced by economic factors, social class structures, and the pursuit of social equalities.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the importance of social class and focus solely on economic factors, leading to an incomplete understanding of the principles.

Explanations: Economic factors are crucial as they determine the resources available for educational development. Social class impacts access to quality education, as different classes may have varying levels of resources and opportunities. Social equalities are essential to ensure that all individuals have fair access to education, regardless of their background. Therefore, the principles of society that relate to the development of education include economy, class, and social equalities.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option includes economy and socioeconomy but omits the critical aspect of social class and equalities.
Option B: This option includes economy and social equalities but does not address the role of social class.
Option C: This option correctly identifies the key factors of economy, class, and social equalities.
Option D: This option includes economy and social studies but does not address the role of social class and equalities.

Mnemonic: ECS: Economy, Class, Social equalities

469. Structural Functionalism

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Emile Durkheim.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Structural functionalism is a sociological theory that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. Emile Durkheim is considered one of the founders of this theory.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Emile Durkheim with other sociologists such as Karl Marx or Max Weber, who also contributed significantly to sociological theory but in different ways.

Explanations: Emile Durkheim is credited with developing the concept of structural functionalism, which posits that society functions like an organism, with each part contributing to the stability and equilibrium of the whole. Durkheim's work focused on the role of social institutions and how they contribute to social cohesion and order. This theory emphasizes the interdependence of social institutions and the way they maintain social stability.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Karl Marx is known for his conflict theory, which focuses on class struggle and economic determinism, not structural functionalism.
Option B: Max Weber is known for his theory of rationalization and the role of religion in society, not structural functionalism.
Option C: Emile Durkheim is the correct answer as he is the founder of structural functionalism.
Option D: W.E.B. DuBois is known for his work on race and social inequality, not structural functionalism.

Mnemonic: D for Durkheim, D for Durability (of social structures)

470. An individual's ..... consists partially of cultural practices that he or she may or may not chose to embrace.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Ethnicity.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Sociology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Ethnicity is a component of an individual's identity that includes cultural practices, traditions, and beliefs that may be chosen or not chosen by the individual.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse ethnicity with race, which is a more biological classification and less about cultural practices.

Explanations: Ethnicity encompasses cultural practices, traditions, and beliefs that an individual may or may not choose to embrace. This makes it distinct from race, which is more about biological and genetic factors. Therefore, the correct answer is ethnicity.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Race is a biological classification and does not include cultural practices.
Option B: Ethnicity includes cultural practices that an individual may or may not choose to embrace.
Option C: Charisma is a personal trait and not related to cultural practices.
Option D: Prestige is a social status and does not encompass cultural practices.

Mnemonic: E for Ethnicity, Embrace or not.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 47”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 47”

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