Kuroshio Current is a warm current on the west side of the North Pacific Ocean. It is similar to the Gulf Stream in the North Atlantic and is part of the North Pacific Ocean gyre.

Important Learning:

• Ocean Currents that move warm water away from the Equator are called warm currents.
• Warm currents have higher temperatures, so they are less dense than cold water.
  Usually warm water has a higher salinity, but it remains less dense than cold water, so cold water is heavier and flows under warm water.
• The water is warmed on the surface, so warm currents flow across the surface of the ocean.
• As warm current cools down, it drops down and becomes cold water current.
• Cold ocean currents come from high latitude areas near the poles.
  The cold temperatures cause a high density, which makes cold water heavier than warm water.
• Cold water tends to have a lower salinity too.

The Doha Development Round or Doha Development Agenda (DDA) is the trade-negotiation round of the World Trade Organization (WTO) which commenced in November 2001 under then director-general Mike Moore.

Its objective was to lower trade barriers around the world, and thus facilitate increased global trade. "

In the news ( BBC ): There's a 70% chance of a recurrence of the El Nino weather event before the end of this year, according to the World Meteorological Organisation. Researchers say they are not expecting this new one to be as intense as 2015-16.

The last El Nino occurred in 2015-16 and impacted weather patterns around the world. It was one of the strongest ever recorded, and had an impact on global temperatures, which saw 2016 enter the record books as the warmest year. As well as heat, the event also led to drought in Africa that saw food production plummet in many countries across the continent. South America saw floods across Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay.

According to the WMO, climate change is influencing the traditional dynamics of these weather events.

The El Nino/Southern Oscillation, to give its proper title, is a natural event that involves fluctuating ocean surface temperatures in the Pacific, which influence the weather all over the world.

NCERT Class 9 Geography: "El Nino" is a name given to the periodic development of a warm ocean current along the coast of Peru as a temporary replacement of the cold Peruvian current. 'El Nino' is a Spanish word meaning 'the child', and refers to the baby Christ, as this current starts flowing during Christmas. The presence of the El Nino leads to an increase in sea-surface temperatures and weakening of the trade winds in the region. "

Oxfam International was formed in 1995 by a group of independent non-governmental organizations. Their aim was to work together for greater impact on the international stage to reduce poverty and injustice.