Computer networking MCQ

1071. In Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA), possibility of collision still exist because of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Propagation delay.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Fundamentals

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA), collisions can still occur due to the time it takes for a signal to propagate from one node to another in a network.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse propagation delay with other types of delays, such as transmission delay or processing delay, which do not directly cause collisions in CSMA.

Explanations: Propagation delay is the time it takes for a signal to travel from one node to another over the network medium. In CSMA, if two nodes start transmitting at nearly the same time, the propagation delay can cause their signals to collide at a point in the network where the signals meet. This is because the nodes may not be aware of each other's transmissions until the signals have propagated to their respective locations. Therefore, propagation delay is the primary reason for collisions in CSMA.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Propagation delay is the correct reason for collisions in CSMA.
Option B: Sender-receiver delay is not a standard term and does not directly relate to collision in CSMA.
Option C: Sense delay refers to the time taken to detect the channel, but it does not cause collisions.
Option D: Transmit delay is the time taken to send a frame, but it does not directly cause collisions in CSMA.

1072. Which of the following is not a field in the Ethernet Message packet?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Pin-code.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, CISSP

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The Ethernet Message packet contains fields such as Type, Data, and Address, but not Pin-code.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Ethernet packet fields with other network protocols or security features that might use pin-codes.

Explanations: The Ethernet Message packet includes fields such as Type, which specifies the protocol type, Data, which contains the actual data being transmitted, and Address, which includes the source and destination MAC addresses. Pin-code is not a field in the Ethernet Message packet.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Type is a valid field in the Ethernet Message packet.
Option B: Data is a valid field in the Ethernet Message packet.
Option C: Pin-code is not a field in the Ethernet Message packet.
Option D: Address is a valid field in the Ethernet Message packet.

1073. In FTP protocol, client contacts server using..... as the transport protocol.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Transmission control protocol.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: FTP (File Transfer Protocol) uses TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) for reliable data transfer.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse FTP with protocols that use UDP, such as TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol).

Explanations: FTP relies on TCP for its connection-oriented and reliable service. TCP ensures that data packets are delivered in the correct order and without errors, which is crucial for file transfers.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. FTP uses TCP for reliable data transfer.
Option B: Incorrect. UDP is connectionless and does not guarantee delivery or order of packets, making it unsuitable for FTP.
Option C: Incorrect. DCCP is not used in FTP.
Option D: Incorrect. SCTP is not used in FTP.

Mnemonic: FTP-TCP: File Transfer Protocol - Transmission Control Protocol

1074. Consider a TCP client and a TCP server running on two different machines. After completing data transfer, the TCP client calls close to terminate the connection and a FIN segment is sent to the TCP server. Server-side TCP responds by sending an ACK which is received by the client-side TCP. As per the TCP connection state diagram(RFC 793), in which state does the client side TCP connection wait for the FIN from the server-side TCP?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) FIN-WAIT-2.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In the TCP connection state diagram, the FIN-WAIT-2 state is where the client waits for the final FIN segment from the server after it has sent its own FIN and received an ACK from the server.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the FIN-WAIT-2 state with the TIME-WAIT state, which is the state where the client waits after receiving the final FIN from the server.

Explanations: When the TCP client sends a FIN segment to terminate the connection, it transitions to the FIN-WAIT-1 state. Upon receiving an ACK from the server, the client moves to the FIN-WAIT-2 state. In this state, the client waits for the server to send its own FIN segment to complete the connection termination process. The FIN-WAIT-2 state ensures that the client waits for the server's final acknowledgment before fully closing the connection.

Option Analysis:

Option A: LAST-ACK is the state where the server waits for the final ACK from the client after sending its FIN segment.
Option B: TIME-WAIT is the state where the client waits after receiving the final FIN from the server, not before.
Option C: FIN-WAIT-1 is the state where the client waits for an ACK from the server after sending its FIN segment.
Option D: FIN-WAIT-2 is the state where the client waits for the final FIN from the server after receiving an ACK from the server.

Mnemonic: FIN-WAIT-2: "Final Wait Two, Server's FIN to pursue."

1075. Which of the following encapsulates PPP frames in Ethernet frames and uses common PPP features like authentication, encryption, and compression?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) PPPoE.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, CIW Network Specialist

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) encapsulates PPP frames in Ethernet frames and uses common PPP features like authentication, encryption, and compression.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse PPPoE with PPPoA (Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM), which also encapsulates PPP frames but over ATM networks instead of Ethernet.

Explanations: PPPoE is designed to carry PPP frames over Ethernet networks. It uses the PPP protocol for its features such as authentication (PAP or CHAP), encryption (PPP over SSL), and compression (PPP compression protocols). This encapsulation allows PPP to be used in Ethernet environments, making it suitable for broadband internet access.

Option Analysis:

Option A: PPP is a data link layer protocol used for establishing a direct connection between two nodes but does not encapsulate frames in Ethernet.
Option B: PPPoA encapsulates PPP frames over ATM networks, not Ethernet.
Option C: PPPoE encapsulates PPP frames in Ethernet frames and uses PPP features like authentication, encryption, and compression.
Option D: Token Ring is a legacy LAN technology and does not encapsulate PPP frames.

1076. FTP is used to:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Used to transfer files between two computers.

Exam Relevance: AP Computer Science Principles, A+ Certification, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol, which is a standard network protocol used for the transfer of files from one host to another over a TCP-based network, such as the Internet.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse FTP with other protocols like HTTP or SMTP, which are used for different purposes such as web browsing and email, respectively.

Explanations: FTP is specifically designed for transferring files between two computers over a network. It is not used for querying databases, which is typically done using SQL or other database query languages.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because FTP is not used for querying databases. Database queries are handled by different protocols and languages such as SQL.
Option B: This option is correct because FTP is indeed used to transfer files between two computers over a network.
Option C: This option is incorrect because FTP is not used for both file transfer and database querying.
Option D: This option is incorrect because FTP is used for file transfer, which is a valid and common use.

1077. Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), is very

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Flexible.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CCNP, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a signaling protocol used for initiating, maintaining, and terminating real-time sessions that include voice, video, and messaging applications. Its flexibility allows it to be used in various network environments and with different types of applications.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse SIP's flexibility with its complexity, thinking that because it can be used in many different scenarios, it must be complex.

Explanations: SIP is designed to be flexible, allowing it to adapt to different network environments and applications. This flexibility is a key feature that enables SIP to be widely adopted across various communication systems. The protocol's ability to handle different types of sessions and its extensibility make it a versatile choice for real-time communication.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect. SIP is not independent in the sense that it requires a network infrastructure to function.
Option B: Correct. SIP is flexible, allowing it to be used in various network environments and applications.
Option C: Incorrect. SIP is not dependent on a specific type of network or application; it is adaptable.
Option D: Incorrect. While SIP can be complex in its implementation, its core design is focused on flexibility rather than complexity.

Mnemonic: SIP Flex: Flexible, Independent, Not Dependent, Not Complex

1078. Consider the following Statements: A router is a device that performs the same tasks as a hub. The job of the server is to send files over the network The largest WAN is the internet. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Only 2, 3.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, A+ Certification

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A router and a hub perform different functions in a network. A server's role includes sending files over the network. The Internet is indeed the largest WAN.

Common Mistakes: Students may incorrectly believe that a router and a hub perform the same tasks, leading them to think statement 1 is true.

Explanations: A router is a device that directs data packets between different networks, while a hub simply broadcasts data to all connected devices. Therefore, statement 1 is false. The job of a server includes sending files over the network, making statement 2 true. The Internet is the largest WAN, confirming statement 3 as true.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because statement 1 is false.
Option B: Incorrect because statement 1 is false.
Option C: Incorrect because statement 1 is false.
Option D: Correct because statements 2 and 3 are true.

Mnemonic: Routers Route, Hubs Hub, Servers Send, Internet Largest

1079. A number that is assigned to each computer or device for identification when connected to a network.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) IP address.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, AP Computer Science Principles

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: An IP address is a unique identifier assigned to each device on a network to enable communication and data transfer.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse IP addresses with other network identifiers like MAC addresses or domain names.

Explanations: An IP address is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a network. It allows devices to communicate with each other and is essential for routing data packets across the network. Other options like routing number, gateway, and ping address do not serve the same purpose of uniquely identifying a device on a network.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. An IP address uniquely identifies a device on a network.
Option B: Incorrect. A routing number is used in banking and finance, not for network identification.
Option C: Incorrect. A gateway is a device that routes data between networks, not an identifier for a device.
Option D: Incorrect. A ping address is not a standard term; ping is a utility used to test network connectivity.

Mnemonic: IP for Identification, Ping for Pinging

1080. APs stands for

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Authentication Protocols.

Exam Relevance: CISSP, CompTIA Security+, CCNA Security

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: APs stands for Authentication Protocols, which are methods used to verify the identity of users or devices in a network.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse APs with Address Protocols or Address Phases, which are unrelated concepts.

Explanations: Authentication Protocols (APs) are used to ensure that users or devices are who they claim to be. This is a fundamental concept in network security and is distinct from address protocols or phases, which are not related to identity verification.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Address Phases is incorrect as it does not relate to identity verification.
Option B: Address Protocols is incorrect as it pertains to addressing in networks, not authentication.
Option C: Authentication Phases is incorrect as it refers to stages in the authentication process, not the protocols themselves.
Option D: Authentication Protocols is correct as it refers to the methods used for verifying identity.

Mnemonic: APs = Auth Prot

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 108

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