Computer networking MCQ – Change your future

281. The parameter Bit Error Rate (BER) plays more important role as compared to delay while transmitting

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Data.

Exam Relevance: GATE, IEEE, ECE Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Bit Error Rate (BER) is a measure of the number of bit errors per unit time. In data transmission, maintaining the integrity of the data is crucial, and even a small number of bit errors can corrupt the data. Therefore, BER is a critical parameter for data transmission.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the importance of delay with BER, thinking that delay is more critical for all types of data transmission.

Explanations: In data transmission, the integrity of the data is paramount. A high BER can lead to corrupted data, which can render the entire transmission useless. While delay is also important, it is less critical compared to the integrity of the data. For audio, video, and compressed video, the delay can be more critical as it affects the real-time experience, but for data, the primary concern is the accuracy and integrity of the transmitted information.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Data transmission prioritizes the integrity of the data, making BER a more critical parameter.
Option B: Incorrect. For audio, delay can be more critical as it affects the real-time experience.
Option C: Incorrect. For video, delay can be more critical as it affects the real-time experience.
Option D: Incorrect. For compressed video, delay can be more critical as it affects the real-time experience.

Mnemonic: Data: Bits must be right.

282. Can work similarly to a hub but is smarter and can determine/identify the destination of a packet that was sent in the network.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) SWITCH.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, CIW Network Specialist

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A switch operates similarly to a hub but is more intelligent. It can determine the destination of a packet and forward it only to the appropriate device, rather than broadcasting it to all devices connected to the network.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse switches with hubs, thinking both broadcast packets to all connected devices.

Explanations: A switch can identify the destination of a packet by examining the MAC address and forwarding the packet only to the intended recipient. This is more efficient than a hub, which broadcasts packets to all connected devices, leading to potential congestion and security issues.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. A switch can determine the destination of a packet and forward it only to the appropriate device.
Option B: Incorrect. A hub broadcasts packets to all connected devices, without determining the destination.
Option C: Incorrect. A gateway is used to connect different networks, not to determine the destination of packets within a single network.
Option D: Incorrect. A router operates at the network layer and is used to connect different networks, not to determine the destination of packets within a single network.

Mnemonic: Switches are smart, hubs are dumb.

283. Bridge must buffer frame to compensate for incurred

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Difference.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, CIW Network Specialist

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Bridge devices are used to connect different segments of a network and ensure smooth data transmission. They must buffer frames to account for differences in transmission speeds or delays between segments.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the term "difference" with "loss" or "damage," thinking that the bridge compensates for lost or damaged data rather than the inherent differences in transmission conditions.

Explanations: A bridge buffers frames to compensate for the difference in transmission speeds or delays between different segments of a network. This ensures that data is transmitted correctly and efficiently without loss or damage. The buffering mechanism allows the bridge to handle the varying conditions and maintain data integrity.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Loss refers to data that is not received, which is not the primary function of a bridge's buffering mechanism.
Option B: Difference is the correct term as it refers to the varying transmission conditions that the bridge must manage.
Option C: Shortage implies a lack of data, which is not the primary concern of a bridge's buffering function.
Option D: Damage refers to corrupted data, which is not the main issue addressed by buffering in a bridge.

Mnemonic: Bridge Buffers Balance

284. What is a result of connecting two or more switches together?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) The size of the broadcast domain is increased.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, Network+, CompTIA A+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Broadcast domains in networking refer to the area where broadcast frames are forwarded. Connecting switches increases the size of the broadcast domain because all connected devices within the switches can receive broadcast frames.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse broadcast domains with collision domains. While connecting switches increases the size of the broadcast domain, it does not increase the number of collision domains.

Explanations: When switches are connected, they form a single broadcast domain. This means that broadcast frames sent from any device in the network will be forwarded to all other devices connected to the switches. Therefore, the size of the broadcast domain is increased.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Connecting switches increases the size of the broadcast domain.
Option B: Incorrect. Connecting switches does not increase the number of broadcast domains; it increases the size of a single broadcast domain.
Option C: Incorrect. Connecting switches does not increase the size of the collision domain. Collision domains are typically limited to a single segment or port on a switch.
Option D: Incorrect. Connecting switches does not reduce the number of collision domains. Each switch port typically represents a separate collision domain.

285. A computer that facilitates the sharing of data, software and hardware resources on the network

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Server.

Exam Relevance: CompTIA Network+, Cisco CCNA, CIW Network Specialist

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A server is a computer that provides resources, data, and services to other computers on a network.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse a server with a workstation, which is a computer used by an individual user, not primarily for sharing resources.

Explanations: A server is designed to facilitate the sharing of data, software, and hardware resources on a network. It acts as a central hub that provides these resources to other computers (clients) on the network. This makes it the correct answer as it aligns with the description provided in the question.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A node is any device connected to a network, but it does not specifically facilitate the sharing of resources.
Option B: A workstation is a computer used by an individual user, typically for tasks like word processing or web browsing, and is not primarily designed for sharing resources.
Option C: A server is the correct answer as it is designed to share resources, data, and services across a network.
Option D: A terminator is a device used to prevent signal reflection on a network cable, not for sharing resources.

Mnemonic: S-H-A-R-E: Server Helps Allocate Resources Everywhere

286. In the slow-start algorith, M the size of the congestion window increases..... until it reaches a threshold.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Exponentially.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, CCNA, Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In the slow-start algorithm, the congestion window size increases exponentially until it reaches a threshold.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the slow-start algorithm with the congestion avoidance phase, where the window size increases additively.

Explanations: During the slow-start phase, the congestion window size doubles after each acknowledgment is received. This doubling effect results in an exponential increase in the window size. The algorithm continues this exponential growth until the window size reaches a predefined threshold, at which point it transitions to the congestion avoidance phase.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The congestion window size increases exponentially during the slow-start phase.
Option B: Incorrect. Additive increase is characteristic of the congestion avoidance phase, not the slow-start phase.
Option C: Incorrect. Multiplicative decrease is used in the congestion avoidance phase when a timeout occurs, not for increasing the window size.
Option D: Incorrect. The correct behavior is described in Option A.

287. The..... mode provides synchronization for the entire stream of bits must. In other words, it guarantees that the data arrive at a fixed rate.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Isochronous.

Exam Relevance: Networking exams, Computer Science exams, Telecommunications exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Isochronous mode ensures that data is transmitted at a fixed rate, providing synchronization for the entire stream of bits.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse isochronous mode with synchronous mode, which also involves synchronization but does not necessarily guarantee a fixed rate for the entire data stream.

Explanations: Isochronous mode guarantees that data arrives at a fixed rate, ensuring synchronization for the entire stream of bits. This is different from synchronous mode, which may synchronize data but does not necessarily maintain a constant rate for the entire stream.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Synchronous mode provides synchronization but does not guarantee a fixed rate for the entire data stream.
Option B: Asynchronous mode does not provide synchronization and data transmission is not at a fixed rate.
Option C: Isochronous mode ensures synchronization and a fixed rate for the entire data stream.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect as isochronous mode is the correct answer.

288. ATM standard defines..... layers.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) 3.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Networking Fundamentals

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) standard defines three layers: the Physical Layer, the ATM Layer, and the ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL).

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the layers of ATM with the OSI model or TCP/IP model, which have more layers.

Explanations: The ATM standard defines three layers: the Physical Layer, which deals with the physical transmission of data; the ATM Layer, which handles the transfer of cells and flow control; and the ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL), which adapts higher-layer protocols to the ATM cell format. This three-layer structure is specific to ATM and differs from other networking models like the OSI or TCP/IP models.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, as ATM defines more than two layers.
Option B: Correct, as ATM defines three layers.
Option C: Incorrect, as ATM does not define four layers.
Option D: Incorrect, as ATM does not define five layers.

289. The..... scheme uses data patterns of size 2 and encodes the 2-bit patterns as one signal element belonging to a four-level signal.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) 2B1Q.

Exam Relevance: ECE, Computer Networks, Digital Communications

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The 2B1Q (2 Binary 1 Quaternary) encoding scheme converts 2-bit binary data into a single quaternary (4-level) signal. This scheme is used in digital communications to efficiently transmit binary data over a channel.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse 2B1Q with other encoding schemes like 4B5B or MLT-3, which have different bit-to-signal mappings.

Explanations: The 2B1Q scheme encodes 2-bit binary patterns into a single quaternary signal level. This means that each 2-bit pattern is mapped to one of four possible signal levels. The four levels correspond to the four possible combinations of 2-bit binary data (00, 01, 10, 11). This encoding method is efficient for transmitting binary data over a channel with four distinct signal levels.

Option Analysis:

Option A: 4B5B is a different encoding scheme that maps 4-bit binary data to 5-bit codes, not relevant to the 2-bit pattern encoding described.
Option B: 2B1Q correctly matches the description of encoding 2-bit binary patterns into a single 4-level signal.
Option C: MLT-3 is a line coding scheme that uses three levels, not four, and does not match the 2-bit to 4-level encoding described.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect since 2B1Q is the correct scheme.

Mnemonic: 2B1Q: "Two Bits, One Quaternary"

290. ..... is the cell relay protocol designed by the corresponding Forum and adopted by the ITU-T.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) ATM.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, ITU-T Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) is a cell relay protocol designed by the ATM Forum and later adopted by the ITU-T.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse ATM with other protocols like Frame Relay or X.25, which are also related to data transfer but have different characteristics and design principles.

Explanations: ATM is a cell relay protocol that was designed to handle data, voice, and video traffic. It was developed by the ATM Forum, an industry consortium, and later standardized by the ITU-T. The protocol uses fixed-size cells of 53 bytes, which allows for efficient switching and transmission of data. This makes it distinct from other protocols like X.25 and Frame Relay, which use variable-length frames.

Option Analysis:

Option A: X.25 is a packet-switched network protocol, not a cell relay protocol, and is not designed by the ATM Forum.
Option B: Frame Relay is a packet-switched data link layer protocol, not a cell relay protocol, and is not designed by the ATM Forum.
Option C: ATM is the correct answer as it is a cell relay protocol designed by the ATM Forum and adopted by the ITU-T.
Option D: This option is incorrect as ATM is the correct protocol in this context.

⬅ Previous SetSet 29Next Set ➡

Computer networking MCQ - Set 29

Leave a Reply