Computer networking MCQ – Change your future

291. Packets that lose arbitration have to be buffered, which increases packet latency by some

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Contention delay.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Fundamentals

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Contention delay refers to the time packets spend waiting to transmit due to network congestion or competition for the medium.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse contention delay with collision, which is a specific type of event where two packets are transmitted simultaneously.

Explanations: In a network, packets that lose arbitration must wait until the medium is free again. This waiting period is known as contention delay. It increases the overall packet latency because the packet must wait before it can be retransmitted.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Collision is a specific event where two packets are transmitted simultaneously, causing interference. It is not the same as the delay caused by waiting to transmit.
Option B: Contention delay is the correct term for the delay caused by packets waiting to transmit due to network congestion or competition for the medium.
Option C: Fibers are a type of transmission medium and do not directly relate to packet delay.
Option D: Carrier sensing is a technique used to detect if the medium is free, but it does not describe the delay caused by waiting to transmit.

292. Which type of Ethernet framing is used for TCP/IP and DEC net?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Ethernet II.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, CISSP

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Ethernet II framing is used for TCP/IP and DEC net protocols.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Ethernet II with Ethernet 802.3, which is used for other protocols.

Explanations: Ethernet II framing, also known as DIX Ethernet, is the standard used for TCP/IP and DEC net protocols. It includes a 16-bit field for the EtherType, which specifies the protocol type of the data being transmitted. This is different from Ethernet 802.3, which uses a different format for the frame header and is not used for TCP/IP or DEC net.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Ethernet 802.3 is used for other protocols, not TCP/IP or DEC net.
Option B: Ethernet 802.2 is used for LLC (Logical Link Control) and not directly for TCP/IP or DEC net.
Option C: Ethernet II is the correct framing for TCP/IP and DEC net.
Option D: Ethernet SNAP is used for encapsulating protocols over 802.2, not directly for TCP/IP or DEC net.

293. What a server is responsible for or has authority over is called a.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Zone.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, CISSP

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In the context of network administration and domain name systems (DNS), a zone refers to a specific portion of the DNS namespace that is managed by a particular server or set of servers.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse a zone with a domain, thinking they are the same thing. However, a domain is a broader concept that encompasses one or more zones.

Explanations: A zone is a specific segment of the DNS namespace that a server is responsible for managing. This includes maintaining the records and authoritative information for that segment. While a domain is a broader term that can include multiple zones, a zone is the specific area of authority for a server.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A domain is a broader concept that can include multiple zones, not just the area a server is responsible for.
Option B: A label is a part of a domain name, not a segment of the DNS namespace managed by a server.
Option C: A zone is the correct term for the specific segment of the DNS namespace that a server manages.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the correct term is "Zone."

Mnemonic: Zones are Zones of Responsibility.

294. Term that refers to infinite no of values in range is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Analog Signal.

Exam Relevance: EE, ECE, Signal Processing

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Analog signals represent data as continuous values, which can take on an infinite number of values within a range.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse analog signals with digital signals, which represent data in discrete steps rather than continuous values.

Explanations: Analog signals are characterized by their ability to represent data as continuous values, which means they can take on an infinite number of values within a range. This is in contrast to digital signals, which represent data in discrete steps. Therefore, the term that refers to an infinite number of values in a range is "Analog Signal."

Option Analysis:

Option A: Peak refers to the maximum value of a signal, not to the range of values.
Option B: Analog Signal correctly refers to a signal that can take on an infinite number of values within a range.
Option C: Digital Signal refers to a signal that represents data in discrete steps, not continuous values.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect because "Analog Signal" is the correct term.

295. In....., the station configuration is unbalanced. We have one primary station and multiple secondary stations.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) NRM.

Exam Relevance: GATE, GRE, ECE Competitive Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: NRM (Non-Return-to-Zero Inverted Mark) is a line coding scheme used in digital communications. In NRM, the station configuration is unbalanced, meaning there is one primary station and multiple secondary stations.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse NRM with other line coding schemes like ABM (Alternate Mark Inversion) or ARM (Amplitude Return to Zero Mark), which have different configurations and characteristics.

Explanations: NRM is characterized by an unbalanced station configuration where one primary station communicates with multiple secondary stations. This configuration is essential for understanding the operational dynamics of NRM in digital communication systems.

Option Analysis:

Option A: ABM (Alternate Mark Inversion) is a different line coding scheme and does not have an unbalanced station configuration.
Option B: NRM (Non-Return-to-Zero Inverted Mark) is the correct choice as it has an unbalanced station configuration with one primary and multiple secondary stations.
Option C: ARM (Amplitude Return to Zero Mark) is another line coding scheme and does not fit the description of an unbalanced station configuration.
Option D: NBM is not a recognized line coding scheme in this context.

Mnemonic: NRM: Not Return Mark, Not Balanced, Multiple

296. A.....on each packet is required for real-time traffic.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Both a and b.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communication, Network Engineering

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Real-time traffic requires precise timing and order to ensure data packets are processed in the correct sequence and within the required time frame.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the importance of both timestamp and sequence number, focusing only on one aspect.

Explanations: For real-time traffic, both timestamps and sequence numbers are crucial. Timestamps ensure that packets are processed in a timely manner, while sequence numbers ensure that packets are processed in the correct order. Both elements are necessary to maintain the integrity and timeliness of real-time data transmission.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Timestamps alone are insufficient for ensuring the correct order of packets.
Option B: Sequence numbers alone are insufficient for ensuring timely processing of packets.
Option C: Both timestamps and sequence numbers are required for real-time traffic.
Option D: Neither timestamps nor sequence numbers alone are sufficient for real-time traffic.

Mnemonic: TSN: Time and Sequence Needed

297. Term that is used to define end of frame and beginning of next frame is called

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Variable size framing.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communication, Network Protocols

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Variable size framing is a method used in data communication to define the end of one frame and the beginning of the next. It allows frames to vary in size, which can be useful in different network environments.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse variable size framing with fixed size framing, which uses a predetermined frame size, or with byte stuffing, which is a technique used to ensure data integrity within a frame.

Explanations: Variable size framing is the correct term because it defines the end of one frame and the beginning of the next, allowing for flexibility in frame size. This method is essential in data communication to ensure proper segmentation and transmission of data packets.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Byte stuffing is a technique used to ensure data integrity within a frame, not to define the end of a frame.
Option B: Byte unstuffing is the reverse process of byte stuffing, used to remove stuffed bytes from a frame, not to define frame boundaries.
Option C: Fixed size framing uses a predetermined frame size, which does not allow for variable frame sizes.
Option D: Variable size framing allows frames to vary in size, defining the end of one frame and the beginning of the next.

298. In.....signaling, a portion of the bandwidth is used for signaling and another portion for data.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Out-of-band.

Exam Relevance: Networking exams, Telecommunications exams, Computer Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In out-of-band signaling, the signaling information is transmitted over a separate channel from the data, allowing for dedicated bandwidth for each.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse out-of-band with in-band signaling, where signaling and data share the same channel.

Explanations: Out-of-band signaling involves using a separate portion of the bandwidth for signaling, distinct from the portion used for data. This separation ensures that signaling information does not interfere with data transmission, providing a more reliable and efficient communication system.

Option Analysis:

Option A: In-band signaling involves using the same channel for both signaling and data, which is not the case here.
Option B: Out-of-band signaling uses a separate channel for signaling, which matches the description given in the question.
Option C: Mixed signaling is not a standard term and does not accurately describe the scenario where signaling and data use separate portions of the bandwidth.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect because out-of-band signaling is a valid and well-defined concept.

Mnemonic: Separate Band, Separate Task

299. The main difference between synchronous and asynchronous transmission is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) The clocking is derived from the data in synchronous transmission.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communication, Telecommunication Engineering

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In synchronous transmission, the clock signal is embedded within the data stream, allowing the receiver to extract the clock from the data. This contrasts with asynchronous transmission, where the clock signal is separate from the data.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the roles of clocking in synchronous and asynchronous transmission, mistakenly believing that clocking is mixed with data in asynchronous transmission.

Explanations: In synchronous transmission, the clock signal is derived from the data itself. This means that the receiver can extract the clock signal from the data stream, allowing for precise timing of data reception. This is in contrast to asynchronous transmission, where the clock signal is separate from the data, and the receiver must use a separate clock to synchronize with the incoming data.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The pulse height is not a distinguishing factor between synchronous and asynchronous transmission.
Option B: The bandwidth required is not the primary difference between synchronous and asynchronous transmission.
Option C: In asynchronous transmission, the clock signal is not mixed with the data; it is separate.
Option D: This is correct because in synchronous transmission, the clock signal is derived from the data.

Mnemonic: Sync = Clock from Data

300. Level of energy between sender and receiver is almost same in the

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Wired Network.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Telecommunications, Information Technology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In wired networks, the energy level between the sender and receiver is almost the same because the signal travels through a physical medium, such as copper wires or fiber optics, with minimal loss.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that wireless networks maintain consistent energy levels between sender and receiver, but wireless signals can experience significant energy loss due to environmental factors.

Explanations: In wired networks, the signal travels through a physical medium, such as copper wires or fiber optics, which minimizes energy loss. This ensures that the energy level of the signal remains almost the same from the sender to the receiver. In contrast, wireless networks use radio waves or infrared signals, which can experience significant energy loss due to factors like distance, interference, and environmental conditions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Wireless networks experience significant energy loss due to environmental factors and distance.
Option B: Wired networks maintain consistent energy levels due to the physical medium used for signal transmission.
Option C: Wi-Fi networks are a type of wireless network and thus experience energy loss similar to other wireless networks.
Option D: DSL networks, while using wired connections, can still experience some energy loss due to the nature of the transmission medium.

Mnemonic: Wired = Wired, Consistent Energy

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 30

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