General knowledge MCQ – Change your future

101. Photodegradation is? [Indian Railway Traffic Service (IRTS) Examination-2016]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Yellowing of Plastics.

Exam Relevance: Indian Railway Traffic Service (IRTS) Examination, Civil Services Examination, UPSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Photodegradation is the process by which materials, particularly plastics, degrade due to exposure to light, especially ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This process often results in the yellowing of plastics.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse photodegradation with other forms of degradation, such as thermal degradation or chemical degradation, which can cause different types of damage to materials.

Explanations: Photodegradation occurs when plastics are exposed to sunlight, leading to the breakdown of their molecular structure. This process often results in the yellowing of plastics, which is a visible sign of degradation. The yellowing is due to the formation of chromophores, which are light-absorbing molecules that give the plastic a yellowish hue.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A Blurred Photo is not related to photodegradation. Blurring is a photographic effect, not a material degradation process.
Option B: Yellowing of Plastics is the correct answer as it describes the visible effect of photodegradation on plastics.
Option C: Pit holes in plastic are not a direct result of photodegradation. They may be caused by other forms of wear and tear or manufacturing defects.
Option D: Rusting of plastics is incorrect as plastics do not rust. Rusting is a process that affects metals, not plastics.

102. Which scheme was started in 1993 to create self-employment opportunities for educated unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns? [JK Police Examination-1986]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Prime Minister Rojgar Yojana.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, Bank PO, State PSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Prime Minister Rojgar Yojana (PMRY) was launched in 1993 to create self-employment opportunities for educated unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Prime Minister Rojgar Yojana with other employment schemes such as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act or the Rural Employment Generation Programme.

Explanations: The Prime Minister Rojgar Yojana (PMRY) was specifically initiated in 1993 to address the issue of unemployment among educated youth in rural areas and small towns. The scheme aimed to provide financial assistance for setting up small enterprises and self-employment ventures. This makes it the correct answer as it aligns with the year and target group mentioned in the question.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Prime Minister Rojgar Yojana was launched in 1993 to create self-employment opportunities for educated unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns.
Option B: National Rural Employment Guarantee Act was launched in 2005 to provide at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to adult members of any rural household willing to do public work.
Option C: Rural Employment Generation Programme was launched in 1995 to provide employment opportunities in rural areas through the establishment of small-scale industries.
Option D: Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana was launched in 1999 to promote self-employment and entrepreneurship among rural poor families.

Mnemonic: PMRY: Prime Minister's Youth Rojgar

103. The tail of a comet always points [General Knowledge for West Bengal PSC Examination-1982]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Away from the Sun.

Exam Relevance: West Bengal PSC, UPSC, GRE, GMAT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The tail of a comet always points away from the Sun due to the solar wind and radiation pressure.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe the tail points towards the Sun because the tail is illuminated by the Sun.

Explanations: The tail of a comet is formed by the solar wind and radiation pressure pushing dust and gas away from the comet's nucleus. This force always acts in the direction away from the Sun, causing the tail to point away from the Sun regardless of the comet's direction of travel.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, the tail does not point towards the Sun.
Option B: Incorrect, the tail does not point towards North-East.
Option C: Incorrect, the tail does not point towards South-East.
Option D: Correct, the tail always points away from the Sun.

104. With reference to 'Climate Governance', which of the following statements is/are correct?1. Climate governance goes beyond the science of climate change to look at the social, economic and political issues related to climate change.2. Climate governance also deals with how inclusive the decision making process is in the exercise of power and responsibilities.Select the correct answer using the code given below: [General Knowledge for SBI SO Examination-2004]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Both 1 and 2.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SBI SO, IBPS PO, SSC CGL

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Climate governance involves the management of climate change issues, including social, economic, and political dimensions, as well as ensuring inclusive decision-making processes.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the importance of inclusive decision-making in climate governance, focusing only on the scientific aspects of climate change.

Explanations: Climate governance encompasses more than just the scientific understanding of climate change. It includes addressing the social, economic, and political issues related to climate change. Additionally, it involves ensuring that decision-making processes are inclusive, meaning that all relevant stakeholders are involved and their voices are heard. Therefore, both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because it only acknowledges the first statement, ignoring the importance of inclusive decision-making.
Option B: Incorrect because it only acknowledges the second statement, ignoring the broader scope of climate governance.
Option C: Correct because it acknowledges both the broader scope of climate governance and the importance of inclusive decision-making.
Option D: Incorrect because both statements are correct.

105. Kepler's second law of planetary motion states that a planet moves..... when ..... to/from the sun. [Indian Foreign Service Foreign (IFS) Examination-2010]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Faster, closer.

Exam Relevance: Indian Foreign Service (IFS), Civil Services Examination (CSE), UPSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Kepler's second law of planetary motion, also known as the law of areas, states that a line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time. This implies that the planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun and slower when it is farther away.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the relationship between the planet's speed and its distance from the Sun, thinking that the planet moves slower when it is closer to the Sun.

Explanations: Kepler's second law implies that the planet's velocity is inversely proportional to its distance from the Sun. When the planet is closer to the Sun, the gravitational force is stronger, causing the planet to move faster. Conversely, when the planet is farther from the Sun, the gravitational force is weaker, causing the planet to move slower. Therefore, the planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect. The planet moves slower when it is farther from the Sun, not closer.
Option B: Incorrect. The planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun, not farther.
Option C: Correct. The planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun.
Option D: Incorrect. The correct answer is provided in option C.

106. Bharat Kala Bhawan Museum is situated in [SSC ASI SI Examination-2003]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Varanasi.

Exam Relevance: SSC, UPSC, State PSC

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The Bharat Kala Bhawan Museum is a significant cultural institution located in Varanasi, India.

Common Mistakes: Students might confuse the location of the museum with other major cities in Uttar Pradesh, such as Allahabad, Lucknow, or Agra.

Explanations: The Bharat Kala Bhawan Museum is situated in Varanasi, which is a city known for its rich cultural and historical significance. The museum houses a vast collection of artifacts, paintings, and sculptures, making it a prominent cultural institution in the region.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Allahabad is incorrect as the museum is not located there.
Option B: Lucknow is incorrect as the museum is not located there.
Option C: Agra is incorrect as the museum is not located there.
Option D: Varanasi is the correct location of the Bharat Kala Bhawan Museum.

Mnemonic: BKBV: Bharat Kala Bhawan in Varanasi

107. The book 'The Masque of Africa' is the book written by [General Knowledge for Bank of India(IBPS) Examination-1983]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) V.S. Naipaul.

Exam Relevance: IBPS, UPSC, SSC, GRE

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: V.S. Naipaul is a renowned author known for his literary works, including 'The Masque of Africa'.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the author with other well-known figures in literature or public life.

Explanations: V.S. Naipaul wrote 'The Masque of Africa', a book that explores the role of traditional religions in African societies. This is a factual piece of information that is often tested in general knowledge sections of competitive exams.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct, as V.S. Naipaul is the author of 'The Masque of Africa'.
Option B: Incorrect, Raghav Bahl is a journalist and not the author of 'The Masque of Africa'.
Option C: Incorrect, Tony Blair is a former British Prime Minister and not the author of 'The Masque of Africa'.
Option D: Incorrect, M.S. Swaminathan is an agricultural scientist and not the author of 'The Masque of Africa'.

Mnemonic: N for Naipaul, N for Narrative

108. Who has been appointed as the new Managing Director of the Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) of India? [Pondicherry Civil Service (PCS) Examination-2013]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Siddhartha Mohanty.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams, State PSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Siddhartha Mohanty was appointed as the new Managing Director of the Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) of India.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the names of other prominent figures in the insurance sector with the correct appointee.

Explanations: Siddhartha Mohanty was appointed as the new Managing Director of the Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) of India. This information is based on official announcements and news reports from the time of the appointment. The appointment of a new Managing Director for a major corporation like LIC is significant and often covered in news and general knowledge updates.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Shyam Sundar is not the correct appointee for the position of Managing Director of LIC.
Option B: Siddhartha Mohanty is the correct appointee for the position of Managing Director of LIC.
Option C: V G Kannan is not the correct appointee for the position of Managing Director of LIC.
Option D: Ashwani Bhatia is not the correct appointee for the position of Managing Director of LIC.

Mnemonic: S.M. for Siddhartha Mohanty, the new LIC MD.

109. Family pension received by a widow of a member of the armed forces where the death of the member has occurred in the course of the operational duties, is [Assam PSC Examination-2000]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Totally exempt under section 10(19).

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams, State PSC Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The family pension received by a widow of a member of the armed forces, where the death of the member has occurred in the course of operational duties, is exempt from tax under section 10(19) of the Income Tax Act.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse this with other exemptions or may not be aware of the specific section that provides this exemption.

Explanations: Section 10(19) of the Income Tax Act provides a total exemption from tax for the family pension received by the widow of a member of the armed forces, where the death of the member has occurred in the course of operational duties. This exemption is designed to provide financial support to the dependents of those who have made the ultimate sacrifice in service of the nation.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because the family pension is not chargeable to tax under the given circumstances.
Option B: This option is incorrect because the exemption is not limited to a specific amount but is total under section 10(19).
Option C: This option is incorrect for the same reason as Option B; the exemption is not limited to a specific amount.
Option D: This option is correct as the family pension is totally exempt under section 10(19) of the Income Tax Act.

110. During American colonization who were the colonies ruled by? [LIC AAO Examination-2003]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) The king and British parliament.

Exam Relevance: LIC AAO, UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: During the period of American colonization, the colonies were under the governance of the British crown, which included the king and the British parliament.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that the colonies were self-governed or ruled by local leaders, overlooking the overarching authority of the British crown.

Explanations: The British colonies in America were established and governed under the authority of the British crown. The king and the British parliament held the ultimate power to make laws and policies that affected the colonies. This centralized control was a key aspect of the British colonial system, which aimed to maintain the colonies as integral parts of the British Empire.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The colonists did not have full autonomy and were subject to British rule.
Option B: The king and British parliament had the authority to govern the colonies.
Option C: The president was not a position that existed during the colonial period.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the colonies were indeed ruled by the king and British parliament.

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General knowledge MCQ - Set 11

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