Information and Communication Technology MCQ

541. The..... refers to the way data is organized in and accessible from DBMS.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Data model.

Exam Relevance: DBMS exams, Database Design exams, Computer Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The data model in a DBMS defines the structure and organization of data, including the relationships between different data elements.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the data model with data sharing or data organization, which are related but distinct concepts.

Explanations: The data model in a DBMS refers to the way data is organized and structured within the system. It defines the relationships between different data elements and how they are stored and accessed. This is distinct from data sharing, which refers to the ability to share data among multiple users or applications, and data organization, which is a more general term for how data is arranged. Therefore, the correct answer is the data model.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Data organization is a broad term and does not specifically refer to the structured way data is organized in a DBMS.
Option B: Data sharing refers to the ability to share data among users or applications, not the structure of the data itself.
Option C: Data model correctly refers to the structured organization and relationships of data within a DBMS.
Option D: All the above is incorrect because not all options are correct.

542. Which of the following is an unethical web practice that keeps users trapped on a particular site?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Mousetrapping.

Exam Relevance: CISSP, CompTIA Security+, CEH

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Mousetrapping is an unethical web practice where users are trapped on a website and cannot navigate away easily.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse mousetrapping with browser hijacking, which involves altering browser settings without consent.

Explanations: Mousetrapping involves techniques that prevent users from leaving a website, such as disabling browser navigation buttons or redirecting attempts to leave back to the same site. This unethical practice is designed to keep users trapped, often to increase ad views or manipulate user behavior.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Hoax is a deceptive practice but does not specifically involve trapping users on a site.
Option B: Browser hijacking involves altering browser settings but does not necessarily trap users on a site.
Option C: Mousetrapping is the correct term for the unethical practice of trapping users on a website.
Option D: None of these is incorrect as mousetrapping is a valid unethical web practice.

Mnemonic: Mouse trap, keep them trapped.

543. Describes an algorithm using normal language with some reserved words

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Pseudocode.

Exam Relevance: ACM, GRE Computer Science, Programming Fundamentals Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Pseudocode is a simplified, high-level description of an algorithm that uses a combination of natural language and programming constructs.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse pseudocode with flowcharts, which are visual representations of algorithms, or with top-down design, which is a method of breaking down a problem into smaller parts.

Explanations: Pseudocode describes an algorithm using normal language with some reserved words, making it easier to understand and translate into actual programming code. It is not a formal programming language but a way to outline the logic of a program in a structured manner.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Structure diagrams are visual representations of the structure of a system or program, not a description of an algorithm using normal language.
Option B: Top-down design is a method of problem-solving that involves breaking down a problem into smaller, more manageable parts, but it does not describe an algorithm using normal language.
Option C: Flowcharts are graphical representations of an algorithm, using symbols and arrows to show the flow of control, not a textual description using normal language.
Option D: Pseudocode is a textual description of an algorithm using normal language with some reserved words, making it the correct choice.

Mnemonic: Pseudo = Pseudo, Code = Code, PseudoCode = Pseudo + Code

544. Which of the IP headers decides when the packet should bediscarded?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) TTL.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Time to Live (TTL) field in the IP header determines how long a packet can exist in the network before it is discarded.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the TTL field with the Checksum field, which is used for error detection rather than packet lifetime.

Explanations: The TTL field in the IP header is decremented by each router that forwards the packet. When the TTL reaches zero, the packet is discarded to prevent infinite looping in the network. This ensures that packets do not remain in the network indefinitely, which could lead to congestion and inefficiency.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The Checksum field is used for error detection, not for determining when a packet should be discarded.
Option B: The Header field is a general term for the IP header, which contains various fields including TTL, but does not specifically determine packet discard.
Option C: CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) is used for error detection in data transmission, not for determining packet discard.
Option D: The TTL field is specifically designed to determine when a packet should be discarded if it has been in the network for too long.

Mnemonic: TTL: Time to Live, Track and Tally Lifespan

545. In laser printers, printing is achieved by deflecting laser beam on to..... surface of a drum.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Photosensitive.

Exam Relevance: GED, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In laser printers, the drum surface is coated with a photosensitive material that reacts to light.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the drum's surface with an electrically charged surface, which is a different component in the printer.

Explanations: The laser beam in a laser printer is deflected onto the photosensitive surface of the drum. This surface is designed to change its electrical charge when exposed to light, allowing toner to adhere to the areas where the laser has written the image. This process is crucial for transferring the printed image onto paper.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The drum surface is not electrically charged directly by the laser beam; it is photosensitive.
Option B: The photosensitive surface reacts to the laser beam, making it the correct choice.
Option C: This is incorrect as the photosensitive surface is a specific component in laser printers.
Option D: This is incorrect as not all options are correct.

546. A plotter is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) An output device to produce drawings and graphics.

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A plotter is a device used to produce drawings and graphics, typically for technical or artistic purposes.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse a plotter with other output devices like printers or input devices like scanners.

Explanations: A plotter is specifically designed to produce high-quality drawings and graphics. It is an output device that uses pens or other marking tools to create precise and detailed images on paper or other media. This distinguishes it from other devices like printers, which are primarily used for text and standard graphics, and input devices like scanners, which capture images and convert them into digital form.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A plotter is not a fast output device using camera lenses; this description is more appropriate for a digital camera or scanner.
Option B: A plotter is not an input device; it is an output device used to produce graphics and drawings.
Option C: This is the correct description of a plotter, as it is an output device designed to produce drawings and graphics.
Option D: This is incorrect because the correct description is provided in Option C.

Mnemonic: PLOT - Produce Lines On唐氏筛查结果可能显示为低风险或高风险。低风险意味着胎儿患有唐氏综合症的风险较低，但并不完全排除这种可能性。高风险则意味着需要进一步的诊断测试，如羊水穿刺或绒毛取样，以确认诊断。最终，这些测试可以帮助医生和家庭做出知情的决定。请注意，这里提供的信息是基于一般医学知识，具体情况应咨询医疗专业人员。如果您有任何疑问或需要进一步的帮助，请告诉我。（注：由于要求返回内容仅包含HTML，且不包括任何文本，上述解释性文本不应出现在最终的HTML输出中。）由于要求仅返回HTML内容，且不包括任何文本解释，以下是符合要求的HTML输出： ```html

High School

13-18

547. When a website automatically retrieves information from another website is known as.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Pull.

Exam Relevance: AP Computer Science Principles, SAT Subject Test in Computer Science

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The term "pull" in web technology refers to the process where a website retrieves information from another website on demand.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse "pull" with "push," where information is sent to a website rather than retrieved.

Explanations: The correct term for a website automatically retrieving information from another website is "pull." This process involves the requesting website actively seeking and fetching data from the source website, as opposed to the source website sending data to the requesting website.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. "Pull" accurately describes the process of a website retrieving information from another website.
Option B: Incorrect. "Receive" implies passively getting information, which is not the same as actively retrieving it.
Option C: Incorrect. "All of these" is not applicable since only "pull" is correct.
Option D: Incorrect. "None of these" is not correct since "pull" is the right answer.

548. The function of CPU is.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) To read, interpret and process the information and instruction.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Computer Science Principles

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the primary component of a computer that performs most of the processing tasks.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the CPU's function with that of other components, such as the hard drive or the printer.

Explanations: The CPU is responsible for executing instructions and processing data. It reads instructions from memory, interprets them, and performs the necessary operations to process the information. This aligns with the function described in option C.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The CPU does not provide external storage; this is the function of storage devices like hard drives or SSDs.
Option B: Communication with the operator is typically handled by input/output devices like keyboards and monitors, not the CPU.
Option C: This correctly describes the CPU's function of reading, interpreting, and processing information and instructions.
Option D: Providing a hard copy is the function of a printer, not the CPU.

549. Which of the following device is a volatile storage?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) RAM.

Exam Relevance: Computer Science Exams, IT Certification Exams, Engineering Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: RAM (Random Access Memory) is a type of volatile storage, meaning it loses its data when the power is turned off.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse RAM with non-volatile storage devices like hard disks, which retain data even when power is off.

Explanations: RAM is volatile because it requires a constant power supply to retain data. When the power is turned off, the data stored in RAM is lost. This is in contrast to non-volatile storage devices like hard disks, magnetic tapes, and floppy disks, which retain data even without power.

Option Analysis:

Option A: RAM is volatile storage, as it loses data when power is turned off.
Option B: Hard disk is non-volatile storage, as it retains data even when power is off.
Option C: Magnetic Tape is non-volatile storage, as it retains data even when power is off.
Option D: Floppy disk is non-volatile storage, as it retains data even when power is off.

Mnemonic: RAM: Requires Always Memory

550. A memory management unit (MMU) that fetches page table entries from main memory has a....., used for recording the results of the virtual address to physical address translations.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Translation Lookaside Buffer

Exam Relevance: Operating Systems, Computer Architecture, Advanced Computer Engineering

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) is a hardware component in a memory management unit (MMU) that caches the most recently used virtual-to-physical address translations to speed up memory access.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the TLB with other types of caches, such as web caches or distributed caches, which are unrelated to virtual memory management.

Explanations: The Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) is used by the MMU to store the most recent virtual-to-physical address translations. This caching mechanism reduces the time required to access memory by avoiding the need to fetch page table entries from main memory for frequently accessed addresses. The TLB is specifically designed for this purpose and is not related to web caching or distributed caching.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Web Cache is used for storing web pages and is not related to virtual memory management.
Option B: Distributed Cache is used for storing data across multiple nodes in a network and is not related to virtual memory management.
Option C: Translation Lookaside Buffer is the correct component used by the MMU for caching virtual-to-physical address translations.
Option D: None of these is incorrect as the TLB is the correct answer.

⬅ Previous SetSet 55Next Set ➡

3 thoughts on “Information and Communication Technology MCQ - Set 55”

Peter Ross April 8, 2020

The MCQ is quite entertaining and will help in increasing knowledge also.
Reyaz Ahmad khan December 26, 2020

plz help me in regard with current Affairs
Eshita Nandpal April 11, 2021

Plz give make a part of unit wise

3 thoughts on “Information and Communication Technology MCQ - Set 55”

Leave a Reply