Information and Communication Technology MCQ

551. A device operating at the physical layer is called a.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Repeater.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, Network+, CompTIA A+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A device operating at the physical layer is called a repeater.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse repeaters with routers, which operate at the network layer.

Explanations: A repeater operates at the physical layer of the OSI model. It amplifies or regenerates the signal to extend the range of the network. Routers, on the other hand, operate at the network layer and are responsible for routing data packets between different networks. Therefore, the correct answer is a repeater.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A router operates at the network layer, not the physical layer.
Option B: A repeater operates at the physical layer, making it the correct answer.
Option C: This option is incorrect as a repeater is a valid device operating at the physical layer.
Option D: This option is incorrect because not all devices operate at the physical layer.

552. Additional components besides the main parts of the computer such as printers and scanners are called:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Peripherals.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Computer Science Principles

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Peripherals are additional components that can be connected to a computer to enhance its functionality.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse peripherals with input or output devices, which are specific types of peripherals.

Explanations: Peripherals are external devices that can be connected to a computer to extend its capabilities. Examples include printers, scanners, and external hard drives. While input and output devices are specific types of peripherals, the term "peripherals" encompasses a broader range of devices.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Peripherals are additional components that can be connected to a computer to enhance its functionality.
Option B: Incorrect. Output devices are a subset of peripherals, such as monitors and printers, but not all peripherals are output devices.
Option C: Incorrect. Input devices are a subset of peripherals, such as keyboards and mice, but not all peripherals are input devices.
Option D: Incorrect. Programs are software applications that run on a computer, not additional hardware components.

Mnemonic: P for Peripherals, P for Printers and Scanners.

553. Virtual memory typically located on

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Hard drive.

Exam Relevance: CSCE 310, COMP 201, OSCE

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Virtual memory is a technique that allows a computer to use a portion of its hard drive as an extension of its RAM.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse virtual memory with physical RAM, thinking that virtual memory is stored in RAM.

Explanations: Virtual memory is a feature that allows the operating system to use a portion of the hard drive as an extension of RAM. When the RAM is full, the operating system moves less frequently used data to the hard drive, freeing up space in RAM. This process is transparent to the user and helps the system manage memory more efficiently. Therefore, virtual memory is typically located on the hard drive.

Option Analysis:

Option A: RAM is used for active data processing, not for virtual memory.
Option B: CPU does not store memory; it processes data.
Option C: Flash cards are used for storage but not typically for virtual memory.
Option D: Hard drive is used to store virtual memory when RAM is full.

554. All the instructions and procedures needed to start up a computer, to the point it can load an operating system, are stored in ROM chips. In IBM compatible PCs this is called the.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) ROM BIOS.

Exam Relevance: AP Computer Science Principles, A+ Certification

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is a set of instructions stored in a ROM (Read-Only Memory) chip that helps a computer start up and load the operating system.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse ROM BIOS with RAM BIOS, thinking that the BIOS is stored in RAM, which is incorrect as BIOS is stored in non-volatile memory.

Explanations: The BIOS is stored in ROM chips, which retain data even when the power is turned off. This allows the computer to perform the initial boot-up procedures and load the operating system from the hard drive or other storage devices. The term "ROM BIOS" correctly identifies the type of memory where the BIOS instructions are stored.

Option Analysis:

Option A: RAM BIOS is incorrect because BIOS is not stored in RAM, which is volatile memory.
Option B: ROM BIOS is the correct term for the set of instructions stored in ROM chips that help a computer start up.
Option C: EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) is a type of memory, but it is not the specific term used for the BIOS in IBM compatible PCs.
Option D: POST (Power-On Self Test) is a process performed by the BIOS, not the storage location of the BIOS itself.

555. .....requires a dedicated physical connection between the sending and receiving devices.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Circuit switching.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Fundamentals

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Circuit switching requires a dedicated physical connection between the sending and receiving devices for the duration of the communication.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse circuit switching with packet switching, which does not require a dedicated physical connection.

Explanations: Circuit switching establishes a dedicated physical path between the sender and receiver before data transmission begins. This path remains active for the entire duration of the communication, ensuring a consistent and reliable connection. In contrast, packet switching and virtual circuit switching do not require a dedicated physical connection, as they use shared resources and routes that can change dynamically.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Circuit switching requires a dedicated physical connection.
Option B: Incorrect. Packet switching uses shared resources and does not require a dedicated physical connection.
Option C: Incorrect. Frame relay switching is a form of packet switching and does not require a dedicated physical connection.
Option D: Incorrect. Virtual circuit switching uses shared resources and does not require a dedicated physical connection.

556. Bit stands for (Dec-2009)

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Binary digit.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Computer Science Principles

Difficulty: Very Easy

Concept notes: Bit is a fundamental unit of information in computing and digital communications.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse bit with other binary-related terms like binary tree or binary information term.

Explanations: Bit stands for Binary digit. It is the smallest unit of data in computing and digital communications, representing a single binary value, either 0 or 1.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, as "Binary information term" is not a standard term.
Option B: Correct, as "Binary digit" is the accurate definition of a bit.
Option C: Incorrect, as "Binary tree" is a data structure, not a unit of information.
Option D: Incorrect, as "Bivariate Theory" is unrelated to computing and digital communications.

Mnemonic: Bit = Binary digit, Think "B" for Binary.

557. Which of the following is an example of Disk Cache?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Page Cache The page cache in main memory, which is an example of disk cache.

Exam Relevance: Operating Systems, Computer Architecture, Advanced Computer Science

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Disk cache is a type of cache that stores data temporarily from a disk to improve access speed. The page cache in main memory is a specific example of disk cache used in operating systems to speed up disk I/O operations.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse disk cache with other types of caches, such as distributed cache or translation lookaside buffer, which serve different purposes.

Explanations: The page cache in main memory is an example of disk cache because it stores frequently accessed disk data in faster memory, reducing the need for slower disk I/O operations. This improves overall system performance by providing quick access to data that would otherwise require slower disk reads.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The page cache in main memory is an example of disk cache.
Option B: Incorrect. Distributed cache is a different type of cache used for distributed systems, not specifically for disk data.
Option C: Incorrect. Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) is a cache used for virtual to physical address translation, not for disk data.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as Option A is correct.

558. Which of the following is not a part of the control panel?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) My documents.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA A+, Microsoft Certified: Windows Operating System

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The control panel is a utility in Windows operating systems that allows users to access system settings and make changes to the configuration of their computer. It includes options such as date and time settings, display settings, and adding or removing programs.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that "My documents" is part of the control panel because it is a common folder in Windows, but it is not a system setting or configuration option.

Explanations: The control panel is designed to manage system settings and configurations. "My documents" is a user folder for storing personal files and is not a system setting. Therefore, it is not part of the control panel.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Date and time settings are part of the control panel as they allow users to configure the system clock and time zone.
Option B: My documents is a user folder for storing personal files and is not a system setting or configuration option, thus not part of the control panel.
Option C: Add or remove program is a feature in the control panel that allows users to manage installed applications.
Option D: Display settings are part of the control panel as they allow users to configure screen resolution, color settings, and other display-related options.

559. Master files contain data of..... nature.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Permanent.

Exam Relevance: Database Management Systems, Information Systems, Computer Science Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Master files contain data of a permanent nature.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse master files with transaction files, which contain temporary data.

Explanations: Master files store information that is relatively stable and does not change frequently, such as customer records or product details. This data is considered permanent because it is used over a long period and is not altered with each transaction.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Local data is not the defining characteristic of master files.
Option B: Correct. Master files contain permanent data.
Option C: Global data is not the defining characteristic of master files.
Option D: This is incorrect as the correct answer is provided.

560. ..... is a short-range wireless connectivity standard that uses magnetic field induction to enable communication between devices when they're touched together, or brought within a few centimeters of each other.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Near Field Communication(NFC).

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, IT Certification Exams, Networking Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Near Field Communication (NFC) is a short-range wireless technology that enables communication between devices when they are touched together or brought within a few centimeters of each other. It uses magnetic field induction for data transfer.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse NFC with other wireless technologies like Bluetooth or Wi-Fi, which have different ranges and methods of communication.

Explanations: Near Field Communication (NFC) is specifically designed for short-range communication, typically within a few centimeters. It uses magnetic field induction to enable data transfer when devices are in close proximity. This makes it ideal for applications such as contactless payments, data exchange between devices, and access control systems.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) is a wireless networking technology that allows devices to connect to the internet or communicate with each other over a wider range than NFC.
Option B: Near Field Communication (NFC) is the correct answer as it is a short-range wireless technology that uses magnetic field induction for communication between devices when they are in close proximity.
Option C: This option is incorrect as only NFC fits the description provided in the question.
Option D: This option is incorrect as NFC is the correct technology described in the question.

Mnemonic: NFC: Near, Fast, Contact

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3 thoughts on “Information and Communication Technology MCQ - Set 56”

Peter Ross April 8, 2020

The MCQ is quite entertaining and will help in increasing knowledge also.
Reyaz Ahmad khan December 26, 2020

plz help me in regard with current Affairs
Eshita Nandpal April 11, 2021

Plz give make a part of unit wise

3 thoughts on “Information and Communication Technology MCQ - Set 56”

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