sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

1021. Conflict perspective views society as composed of diverse groups with conflicting values and interests. According to Marx, these conflicts are determined by economics.Neoconflict sees things not as struggle over economics, specifically, but as the result of .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Unequal distribution of authority.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Political Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Neoconflict theory extends Marx's conflict perspective by focusing on the unequal distribution of authority rather than just economic conflicts.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse neoconflict theory with traditional conflict theory, which focuses more on economic disparities.

Explanations: Neoconflict theory posits that societal conflicts arise from the unequal distribution of authority, not just economic resources. This perspective broadens the scope of conflict beyond economic struggles to include power dynamics and authority structures.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Neoconflict theory emphasizes the unequal distribution of authority as a source of societal conflict.
Option B: Incorrect. Institutional racism is a specific form of inequality but not the primary focus of neoconflict theory.
Option C: Incorrect. Cultural values of conflict are not the central focus of neoconflict theory.
Option D: Incorrect. Struggles among competing subgroups are a result of unequal distribution of authority, not the primary focus.

1022. Fundamentalism requires rigid adheriance to

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Religious beliefs.

Exam Relevance: AP World History, SAT Subject Tests, Religious Studies Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Fundamentalism is a term used to describe strict adherence to a set of beliefs, particularly in the context of religion.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse fundamentalism with other forms of strict adherence, such as political ideologies or cultural practices.

Explanations: Fundamentalism is characterized by a strict and literal interpretation of religious texts and doctrines. It requires rigid adherence to religious beliefs, often rejecting modern interpretations or changes to traditional practices.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Fundamentalism is associated with strict adherence to religious beliefs.
Option B: Incorrect. Fundamentalism is not typically associated with political organizations.
Option C: Incorrect. Orthodox jazzercise forms are not a recognized concept related to fundamentalism.
Option D: Incorrect. Cowboy rules are not related to the concept of fundamentalism.

1023. The more hours I spend on TikTok, the lower my grades will be. This is an example of.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Negative correlation.

Exam Relevance: AP Statistics, IB Mathematics, SAT Math

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A negative correlation exists when one variable increases and the other decreases.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse negative correlation with causation, thinking that one variable directly causes the other.

Explanations: The statement indicates that as the number of hours spent on TikTok increases, grades decrease. This relationship describes a negative correlation, where an increase in one variable (hours on TikTok) is associated with a decrease in the other variable (grades).

Option Analysis:

Option A: Positive correlation would imply that as one variable increases, the other also increases, which is not the case here.
Option B: Negative correlation correctly describes the inverse relationship between hours spent on TikTok and grades.
Option C: Causation implies a direct cause-and-effect relationship, which is not necessarily established by the statement.
Option D: No correlation would mean there is no relationship between the two variables, which contradicts the given statement.

1024. Dividing participants between control and experimental groups, with independent and dependent variables.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Experimentation.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, GRE Psychology, Undergraduate Research Methods

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Experimentation involves dividing participants into control and experimental groups to test the effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse experimentation with other research methods like observation or surveys, which do not involve the manipulation of variables.

Explanations: Experimentation is the process of dividing participants into control and experimental groups to test the effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable. The control group does not receive the experimental treatment, while the experimental group does. This allows researchers to determine the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable by comparing the outcomes between the two groups.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Breaching Experiment involves testing social norms by violating them, not dividing participants into control and experimental groups.
Option B: Experimentation involves dividing participants into control and experimental groups to test the effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable.
Option C: Participant Observation involves researchers observing participants in their natural environment, not dividing them into groups.
Option D: Sample refers to a subset of the population, not the process of dividing participants into groups for an experiment.

1025. Industrialization was accompanied by:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of the above.

Exam Relevance: AP World History, AP European History, History of Economic Development

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Industrialization brought significant changes to society, including the creation of a middle class, dehumanization and commodification of labor, and the continued accumulation and reinvestment of capital.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the multifaceted impacts of industrialization and focus only on one aspect, such as the creation of a middle class, without considering the broader social and economic changes.

Explanations: Industrialization led to the creation of a middle class as new industries and businesses emerged, providing opportunities for skilled workers and managers. It also resulted in dehumanization and commodification of labor, as workers were often treated as mere cogs in the industrial machine. Additionally, industrialization facilitated the continued accumulation and reinvestment of capital, driving further economic growth and development. Therefore, all of these aspects are correct and interconnected in the context of industrialization.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The creation of a middle class is a valid outcome of industrialization, as new industries and businesses created opportunities for skilled workers and managers.
Option B: Dehumanization and commodification of labor are also valid outcomes, as workers were often treated as mere units of production.
Option C: The continued accumulation and reinvestment of capital is another valid outcome, as industrialization drove economic growth and development.
Option D: Since all the above options are correct, the correct answer is "All of the above."

1026. Sam is an atheist and is engaged to Kim who is a theist.On which of the following are they most likely to have different views?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) The inclusion of prayers in the wedding ceremony.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Psychology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The inclusion of prayers in a wedding ceremony is a practice deeply rooted in religious beliefs. Given that Sam is an atheist and Kim is a theist, their views on this aspect of the wedding are likely to differ significantly.

Common Mistakes: Students might mistakenly believe that the location of the wedding reception or the type of food served would be the most contentious issue, overlooking the fundamental differences in religious beliefs.

Explanations: Sam, being an atheist, does not believe in a deity and would likely be uncomfortable with the inclusion of prayers in the ceremony. Kim, as a theist, would likely view prayers as an essential part of the wedding ceremony. This difference in religious beliefs makes the inclusion of prayers the most likely point of contention between them.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The location of the wedding reception is a logistical detail and less likely to be influenced by religious beliefs.
Option B: The inclusion of prayers in the wedding ceremony is directly related to religious beliefs and is the most likely point of disagreement between an atheist and a theist.
Option C: The type of food served at the wedding reception is a personal preference and not necessarily tied to religious beliefs.
Option D: Acknowledging the traditional landowners is a cultural practice and not directly related to religious beliefs.

1027. While Giddens and Davie see Fundamentalism as a response to modernity, Zygmund Bauman and Manuel Castells both think it's actually a response to .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Postmodernity.

Exam Relevance: Sociology PhD exams, Postgraduate Sociology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Zygmund Bauman and Manuel Castells argue that Fundamentalism is a response to postmodernity, which is characterized by the fragmentation of traditional social structures and the rise of individualism and consumer culture.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse postmodernity with modernity, as both involve significant societal changes, but postmodernity specifically refers to the period following modernity, marked by a breakdown of grand narratives and a focus on individualism.

Explanations: Bauman and Castells view Fundamentalism as a reaction to the uncertainties and disorientations brought about by postmodernity. In postmodernity, traditional values and institutions are often questioned or dismantled, leading to a sense of instability. Fundamentalism, in this context, can be seen as an attempt to re-establish clear, absolute values and beliefs in the face of the relativism and fragmentation characteristic of postmodernity.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Secularisation is not the primary focus of Bauman and Castells' argument. They emphasize the broader societal changes of postmodernity.
Option B: Disenchantment, a concept associated with Max Weber, is not the central theme in Bauman and Castells' analysis of Fundamentalism.
Option C: The decline of traditional communities is a part of postmodernity but is not the main focus of Bauman and Castells' argument regarding Fundamentalism.
Option D: Postmodernity is the correct response as it encapsulates the broader societal changes and uncertainties that Bauman and Castells argue lead to Fundamentalism.

1028. The application of evolutionary notions and the concept of the survival of the fittest to society is called.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Social Darwinism.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Political Science exams, History exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Social Darwinism is the application of the concept of natural selection and survival of the fittest to human societies.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Social Darwinism with other sociological theories such as class conflict or dialectical materialism.

Explanations: Social Darwinism refers to the application of evolutionary concepts, particularly the idea of the survival of the fittest, to human societies. This theory suggests that social progress occurs through the competition and survival of the strongest or most adaptable individuals and groups. The other options do not accurately describe this concept. Class conflict pertains to the struggle between different social classes, dialectical materialism is a philosophical approach to understanding history and society, and social dynamics refers to the patterns of interaction within a society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Class conflict is the struggle between different social classes, not the application of evolutionary concepts to society.
Option B: Dialectical materialism is a philosophical approach to understanding history and society, not the application of evolutionary concepts to society.
Option C: Social dynamics refers to the patterns of interaction within a society, not the application of evolutionary concepts to society.
Option D: Social Darwinism is the correct term for the application of evolutionary concepts, particularly the survival of the fittest, to human societies.

Mnemonic: Survival of the fittest in society = Social Darwinism

1029. What is it called when a cultural trait takes a very long time to develop and grow?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Cultural Lag.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Cultural lag refers to the delay in the adjustment of non-material culture to material culture changes.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse cultural lag with cultural stop, which is not a recognized term in sociology.

Explanations: Cultural lag occurs when certain aspects of culture, such as social norms and values, take a long time to adapt to new technological or economic conditions. This delay can lead to societal tensions and conflicts as the old cultural traits clash with the new material conditions. The term "cultural lag" accurately describes this phenomenon, making it the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Material culture refers to physical objects and technology, not the delay in cultural adaptation.
Option B: Cultural stop is not a recognized term in sociology.
Option C: Cultural lag describes the delay in the adjustment of non-material culture to material culture changes.
Option D: Non-material culture refers to beliefs, values, and norms, but does not describe the delay in cultural adaptation.

1030. Consider the following Statements: a job interview could be both structured and unstructured Culture is a set concept, therefore, there is a set number of cultures in our world today: Being a professional ballplayer would be an example of an ascribed status Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Only 1,.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A job interview can be both structured and unstructured, depending on the format and the interviewer's approach. Culture is not a set concept and can vary widely, making the number of cultures in the world indefinite. An ascribed status is one that is assigned at birth or early in life, such as being born into a wealthy family, not something like being a professional ballplayer, which is an achieved status.

Common Mistakes: Students may incorrectly assume that culture is a fixed concept with a set number of categories, or that being a professional ballplayer is an ascribed status.

Explanations: The first statement is true because a job interview can be structured with a set of predetermined questions or unstructured with more open-ended and spontaneous questions. The second statement is false because culture is not a fixed concept; it is dynamic and can vary widely, making the number of cultures in the world indefinite. The third statement is false because being a professional ballplayer is an achieved status, not an ascribed status, as it is a result of personal effort and skill rather than something assigned at birth.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because the second statement is false.
Option B: Correct because only the first statement is true.
Option C: Incorrect because the third statement is false.
Option D: Incorrect because both the second and third statements are false.

⬅ Previous SetSet 103Next Set ➡

3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 103”

Anonymous January 28, 2020
It is the best app in the world …..but sir hindi medium walo ke liye problem hai…..gyan ke mamle me ye ganga ki tarh hai
ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020
send me sociology mcq pdf
SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
Please send sociology mcq e book,,,, thank you,,,

3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 103”

Leave a Reply