sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

1061. .....insisted that each newly born human being is a tabula rasa (clean slate), on which just about anything can be written

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) John Locke.

Exam Relevance: Philosophy exams, Psychology exams, Sociology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: John Locke proposed the theory of the tabula rasa, suggesting that individuals are born without built-in mental content and that all knowledge comes from experience or perception.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse John Locke with other philosophers who also contributed to theories of human nature, such as John B. Watson or George Herbert Mead.

Explanations: John Locke's theory of the tabula rasa posits that the human mind is a blank slate at birth, and all knowledge and personality traits are developed through experience and learning. This concept is foundational in understanding the role of environment and experience in human development.

Option Analysis:

Option A: John Locke is correct as he is the philosopher who introduced the concept of the tabula rasa.
Option B: John B. Watson is known for behaviorism, not the tabula rasa concept.
Option C: George Herbert Mead is associated with symbolic interactionism, not the tabula rasa.
Option D: Charles Horton Cooley is known for the looking-glass self, not the tabula rasa.

1062. Which of the following is a means of communication designed to reach the general population?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Mass media.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Mass media refers to the means of communication designed to reach a large audience, such as television, radio, newspapers, and the internet.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse mass media with peer groups or reference groups, which are social groups rather than communication channels.

Explanations: Mass media is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to reach a broad audience, making it a means of communication. Reference groups, peer groups, and anticipatory groups are social constructs and not communication channels.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Reference group is a social group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their behaviors. It is not a means of communication.
Option B: Peer group is a social group whose members have interests, social positions, and age in common. It is not a means of communication.
Option C: Anticipatory group is a social group that individuals aspire to join. It is not a means of communication.
Option D: Mass media includes television, radio, newspapers, and the internet, which are designed to reach a large audience, making it a means of communication.

1063. Founded the Hull House in Chicago to give aid to the urban poor

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Jane Addams.

Exam Relevance: AP US History, SAT Subject Tests, High School History Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Jane Addams is known for founding Hull House in Chicago, which provided social and educational opportunities for the poor.

Common Mistakes: Students might confuse Jane Addams with other social reformers of the same era.

Explanations: Jane Addams founded Hull House in 1889 to provide social and educational services to the urban poor in Chicago. This initiative was a pioneering effort in the field of social work and community service.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Jane Addams founded Hull House in Chicago.
Option B: Incorrect. Harriet Martineau was a British social theorist and writer, not associated with Hull House.
Option C: Incorrect. Karl Marx was a philosopher and economist, not involved in founding Hull House.
Option D: Incorrect. Max Weber was a sociologist and economist, not connected to Hull House.

Mnemonic: JAH: Jane Addams, Hull House

1064. What is the Scientific Method?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Research model central to science as a social institution.

Exam Relevance: GRE, MCAT, General Science Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Scientific Method is a structured approach to inquiry and experimentation that forms the basis of scientific research and discovery. It is a systematic process used to explore observations, formulate hypotheses, conduct experiments, and draw conclusions.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the Scientific Method with a simple set of steps rather than understanding it as a comprehensive research model that guides scientific inquiry.

Explanations: The Scientific Method is a research model that is central to the practice of science as a social institution. It provides a framework for scientists to systematically investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, and develop theories. This model is essential for ensuring the reliability and validity of scientific findings, making it a cornerstone of scientific research and discovery.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option correctly identifies the Scientific Method as a research model that is central to the practice of science as a social institution.
Option B: This option is too vague and does not capture the comprehensive nature of the Scientific Method as a research model.
Option C: This option refers to rules of conduct, which is not the primary focus of the Scientific Method. The Scientific Method is more about the process of inquiry and experimentation.
Option D: This option refers to a code of ethics, which is related to professional conduct and not the research methodology itself.

1065. Advocated against social reform efforts to poor people because it disrupts the natural selection process of evolution

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Herbert Spencer.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, History of Social Thought exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Herbert Spencer was a social theorist who applied the concept of natural selection to society, advocating against social reforms that he believed interfered with the natural evolutionary process.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Herbert Spencer with other social theorists of the same era, such as Harriet Martineau or George Herbert Mead, who had different views on social reform.

Explanations: Herbert Spencer believed that social reforms aimed at helping the poor would disrupt the natural selection process, which he thought was essential for societal progress. He argued that such interventions would prevent the fittest individuals from succeeding and the less fit from failing, thereby hindering societal evolution.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Harriet Martineau was a social theorist who supported social reforms and was critical of the class system, which contrasts with Spencer's views.
Option B: George Herbert Mead was a sociologist who focused on symbolic interactionism and the development of self, not on natural selection or social reform.
Option C: Herbert Spencer advocated against social reforms to the poor, believing they disrupted the natural selection process of evolution.
Option D: Robert Merton was a sociologist known for his work on social functions and anomie, not for opposing social reforms based on natural selection.

1066. Which country was Emile Durkheim from?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) France.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Emile Durkheim was a French sociologist and is considered one of the founding figures of sociology.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Emile Durkheim with other sociologists from different countries, such as Max Weber from Germany.

Explanations: Emile Durkheim was born in Épinal, France, and spent his academic career there. He is known for his contributions to the field of sociology, including the concept of social facts and the division of labor. His work laid the foundation for modern sociological theory and methodology.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Emile Durkheim was from France.
Option B: Incorrect. Max Weber, not Durkheim, was from Germany.
Option C: Incorrect. Durkheim was not from Britain.
Option D: Incorrect. The correct answer is France.

Mnemonic: D for Durkheim, D for France.

1067. How much time and money will research require? What special equipment or skill are necessary? Can you do work yourself? What sources of funding are available to support research how should answer these questions we need a

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Find out what others have learned about the topic.

Exam Relevance: PhD Qualifying Exams, Research Methodology Exams, Thesis Proposal Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Understanding the existing research on a topic is crucial for planning and executing new research effectively.

Common Mistakes: Students often overlook the importance of reviewing existing literature, leading to redundant or unoriginal research.

Explanations: Finding out what others have learned about the topic is essential to avoid duplicating existing research and to build upon previous findings. This step helps in identifying gaps in the current knowledge, which can guide the research questions and methodology. It also aids in understanding the theoretical framework and methodologies used by previous researchers, which can inform the design of the new study.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Keeping a log and record file is important for documentation but does not directly address the initial planning and assessment of research requirements.
Option B: Reviewing existing literature is crucial for understanding the current state of knowledge and guiding the research design.
Option C: Assessing the requirements for carrying out the research is important but comes after understanding the existing body of work.
Option D: Specifying a theoretical orientation is important but is a step that follows the review of existing literature.

1068. Which definition best describes the process of globalization?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Individuals groups and nations are becoming more interdependent.

Exam Relevance: AP World History, International Relations Exams, Global Studies Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of individuals, groups, and nations around the world.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse globalization with the spread of capitalist companies or the idea that we all live in a single society.

Explanations: Globalization is best described as the process where individuals, groups, and nations are becoming more interdependent. This means that economic, social, and political activities are increasingly influenced by global factors, leading to a more interconnected world. The other options do not fully capture the essence of globalization, which is about the growing interdependence rather than the spread of capitalism or the idea of a single global society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option focuses on the spread of capitalist companies, which is a component of globalization but not the complete definition.
Option B: This option suggests a single global society, which is an oversimplification and does not accurately describe the complex interdependence of globalization.
Option C: This option correctly describes the process of globalization as the increasing interdependence of individuals, groups, and nations.
Option D: This option refers to human habitation on all continents, which is unrelated to the concept of globalization.

Mnemonic: GLOBE: Global Linkage of Borders, Economies

1069. An image of ourselves based on imagining how we appear to others.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Looking-glass self.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Social Work exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The looking-glass self is a sociological concept that describes how individuals form their self-concept based on their perception of how others view them.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the looking-glass self with the concept of the ego, which is more about the self as a psychological entity rather than a social construct.

Explanations: The looking-glass self is a concept developed by Charles Cooley, which posits that our self-concept is formed through our perception of how others see us. This involves three stages: imagining how we appear to others, imagining their judgment of that appearance, and developing feelings about ourselves based on that imagined judgment. This aligns with the description of an image of ourselves based on imagining how we appear to others.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The looking-glass self is the concept that describes how we form our self-image based on how we think others perceive us.
Option B: Incorrect. Dramaturgy is a sociological perspective that views social interaction in terms of a theatrical performance, not self-image formation.
Option C: Incorrect. Personality refers to the enduring patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that characterize an individual, not the social construction of self-image.
Option D: Incorrect. The ego is a component of the self in psychoanalytic theory, representing the part of the self that deals with reality, not the social perception of self.

1070. Classification of societies was based on

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Industrialization.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, Civil Services, UPSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Societies are often classified based on their level of industrialization, which reflects their economic structure, technological advancement, and social organization.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse industrialization with urbanization, thinking that the classification is based on the degree of urban development rather than the economic and technological advancements.

Explanations: Industrialization is a key factor in classifying societies because it indicates the extent to which a society has developed its manufacturing and technological capabilities. This classification helps in understanding the economic, social, and technological characteristics of different societies.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Urbanization refers to the process of population concentration in urban areas, which is not the primary basis for classifying societies.
Option B: De-centralization refers to the distribution of power and functions away from a central authority, which is not a primary basis for classifying societies.
Option C: Industrialization is the correct basis for classifying societies as it reflects the economic and technological development of a society.
Option D: Non-industrialization is not a basis for classification; rather, the level of industrialization is used.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 107”

Anonymous January 28, 2020
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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020
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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 107”

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