sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

1051. According to Mead the generalized other is.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Societal norms.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Social Theory exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The generalized other is a concept in symbolic interactionism, specifically in the work of George Herbert Mead. It refers to the internalized understanding of the expectations and norms of society.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the generalized other with specific individuals, such as one's mother, or with emotions like shame, rather than understanding it as a broader societal construct.

Explanations: Mead's concept of the generalized other is the internalized understanding of societal norms and expectations. It is not a specific person or emotion, but rather a reflection of the collective attitudes and behaviors of society. This internalization allows individuals to predict and understand the reactions of others, enabling social interaction and cooperation.

Option Analysis:

Option A: One's mother is a specific individual and not a generalized concept of societal norms.
Option B: Shame is an emotion and not a societal construct.
Option C: Societal norms are the correct answer as they represent the collective expectations and behaviors that individuals internalize.
Option D: Analytic internalization is not a term used by Mead in this context.

1052. "Schools ensure that some people fail and that they think this is their own fault so that they then accept a low position in society."This idea is related to which sociological perspective?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Marxism.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Education Policy exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Marxism critiques the role of education in perpetuating class divisions and maintaining the status quo.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Marxism with other sociological perspectives that also critique societal structures, such as Feminism or Functionalism.

Explanations: Marxism argues that the educational system serves to reproduce class inequalities by ensuring that some individuals are labeled as failures and are thus more likely to accept lower social positions. This aligns with the idea that schools play a role in maintaining the capitalist system by preparing individuals for their predetermined roles in society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Feminism focuses on gender inequalities rather than class-based stratification.
Option B: Positivism emphasizes the scientific study of society and does not critique the role of education in reproducing class divisions.
Option C: Marxism critiques the role of education in perpetuating class divisions and maintaining the status quo.
Option D: Functionalism views education as a means to maintain social stability and cohesion, not as a mechanism for reproducing class inequalities.

1053. Textbooks, computers, pencils, paper would all be part of the cultural complex for what?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) School.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The cultural complex refers to a set of artifacts and practices that are associated with a particular cultural activity or institution.

Common Mistakes: Students might confuse the cultural complex with other cultural institutions or activities, such as sports or religion.

Explanations: Textbooks, computers, pencils, and paper are all essential tools and materials used in educational settings. These items are part of the cultural complex associated with school, as they are necessary for learning and teaching activities.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Textbooks, computers, pencils, and paper are all commonly found in schools and are essential for educational activities.
Option B: Incorrect. Sports typically involve different equipment and materials, such as balls, uniforms, and fields.
Option C: Incorrect. Artifacts are general items from a culture, but the specific items listed are more closely associated with schools.
Option D: Incorrect. Religious institutions typically have different artifacts and practices, such as religious texts, symbols, and places of worship.

1054. A group in which interaction is impersonal and temporary

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Secondary group.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Organizational Behavior exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A secondary group is characterized by impersonal and temporary interactions, often formed for a specific purpose or task.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse secondary groups with primary groups, which are characterized by close, personal, and long-term relationships.

Explanations: Secondary groups are defined by their impersonal and temporary nature. These groups are often formed for specific tasks or purposes, such as work teams, clubs, or classes. The interactions within these groups are typically goal-oriented and not based on deep personal relationships, making them distinct from primary groups.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Primary groups are characterized by close, personal, and long-term relationships, which is the opposite of the description given.
Option B: Secondary groups are characterized by impersonal and temporary interactions, fitting the description given.
Option C: Outgroups are groups to which an individual does not belong and are not defined by the nature of interaction.
Option D: Ingroups are groups to which an individual belongs and are not defined by the nature of interaction.

1055. Oops! is an example of.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) A response cry.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Communication studies exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A response cry is an involuntary vocal reaction to a sudden event or stimulus.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse response cries with other forms of vocal expressions, such as interjections or exclamations.

Explanations: "Oops!" is an involuntary vocal reaction to a sudden mistake or mishap, fitting the definition of a response cry. It is a spontaneous verbalization that occurs in response to an unexpected event, making it a clear example of a response cry.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. "Oops!" is a response cry, an involuntary vocal reaction to a sudden mistake or mishap.
Option B: Incorrect. Netiquette refers to the conventions of politeness and etiquette used in online communication, not to involuntary vocal reactions.
Option C: Incorrect. Interactional vandalism refers to behaviors that disrupt or damage social interactions, not to involuntary vocal reactions.
Option D: Incorrect. Civil inattention refers to the practice of politely ignoring others in public spaces, not to involuntary vocal reactions.

1056. Consider the following Statements: According to Labeling Theory, an action can be considered deviance for some people, but not for others. Only one agent of socialization helps a child learn their culture from the age of 5 to 10. Individuals adapt their behavior to fit with a group Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Only 1, 3.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Criminology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Labeling theory posits that deviance is a social construct, and what is considered deviant can vary between different groups. Socialization is a continuous process involving multiple agents, not limited to a single agent. Individuals often adapt their behavior to align with group norms.

Common Mistakes: Students may incorrectly assume that only one agent of socialization is responsible for cultural learning during a specific age range, or that deviance is universally defined.

Explanations: Statement 1 is true because labeling theory suggests that deviance is relative and can be perceived differently by different groups. Statement 2 is false because socialization is a complex process involving multiple agents, not just one. Statement 3 is true as individuals often adapt their behavior to fit with a group, aligning with social norms and expectations.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because it includes statement 2, which is false.
Option B: Incorrect because it includes statement 2, which is false.
Option C: Incorrect because it includes statement 2, which is false.
Option D: Correct because it includes only statements 1 and 3, which are true.

1057. Personality must be considered as.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Interplay between environment and learned behavior.

Exam Relevance: Psychology exams, Personality Psychology exams, Developmental Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Personality is influenced by both environmental factors and learned behaviors, not just biology or heredity.

Common Mistakes: Students often mistakenly believe that personality is determined solely by genetics or biological factors.

Explanations: Personality is a complex trait that develops through the interaction of genetic predispositions and environmental influences. Environmental factors, such as upbringing, social interactions, and life experiences, play a significant role in shaping personality. Additionally, learned behaviors, which are acquired through observation, reinforcement, and other learning processes, contribute to the development of personality traits. Therefore, the correct answer emphasizes the interplay between these environmental and learned factors.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option correctly identifies the interplay between environment and learned behavior as key factors in personality development.
Option B: This option is incorrect because it suggests that personality is solely a result of biology, which overlooks the significant role of environmental and learned factors.
Option C: This option is incorrect as it suggests that personality is determined by role demands, which is too narrow and does not account for the broader influences on personality.
Option D: This option is incorrect because it overemphasizes the role of heredity, ignoring the substantial impact of environmental and learned factors.

1058. What perspective believes that we live in a communist society.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Marxist perspective.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Political Science exams, Philosophy exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Marxist perspective is based on the idea that society is divided into classes, with the ruling class (bourgeoisie) owning the means of production and the working class (proletariat) providing labor. Marxists believe that a communist society would eliminate class distinctions and private property, leading to a more equitable distribution of resources.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Marxist perspective with other sociological theories that also critique capitalism, such as feminism or functionalism, without recognizing the specific focus on class struggle and the eventual aim of a classless society.

Explanations: The Marxist perspective posits that a communist society is the ultimate goal, where the means of production are owned collectively and class distinctions are eliminated. This aligns with the belief that we live in a communist society, as it envisions a society without private property and class hierarchies.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Marxist perspective correctly identifies the belief in a classless, communist society.
Option B: Feminism focuses on gender equality and does not specifically advocate for a communist society.
Option C: Interactionism emphasizes the role of social interactions in shaping society and does not focus on class struggle or communism.
Option D: Functionalism views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability, and does not advocate for a communist society.

1059. Comparing a culture to you own with the assumption that yours is perfect is:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Ethnocentric.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Sociology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Ethnocentrism is the belief in the inherent superiority of one's own culture and the tendency to judge other cultures by the standards of one's own.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse ethnocentrism with ethnography, which is the study of cultures, or with anthropology, which is the broader study of human societies and cultures.

Explanations: Ethnocentrism involves the assumption that one's own culture is perfect and using it as a standard to judge other cultures. This aligns with the description given in the question. Ethnography and anthropology are more about studying and understanding cultures, not judging them. Cultural materialism focuses on the material conditions of societies, not on cultural superiority.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Ethnocentric is the correct term for the described behavior.
Option B: Ethnographic refers to the study of cultures, not the judgment of them.
Option C: Anthropologic refers to the broader study of human societies and cultures, not the judgment of them.
Option D: Cultural materialism focuses on material conditions, not cultural superiority.

Mnemonic: E for Ethnocentric, E for Ethnocentric Evaluation.

1060. Relatively stable parts of social behavior within societies.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Social Structures.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Social structures refer to the relatively stable patterns of social behavior and organization within a society.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse social structures with social paradigms, which are broader frameworks of understanding and belief.

Explanations: Social structures are the stable and enduring patterns of social behavior and organization that persist over time within a society. They include institutions, roles, norms, and relationships that shape social interactions and behaviors. This makes them the correct answer as they are the relatively stable parts of social behavior within societies.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Social Structures are the correct answer as they are the stable and enduring patterns of social behavior and organization within a society.
Option B: Social Paradigms refer to broader frameworks of understanding and belief, not specific stable social behaviors.
Option C: Social Studies is a field of study that examines human society and social relationships, not a specific stable part of social behavior.
Option D: Social chaos refers to disorder and instability, which is the opposite of stable social behavior.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 106”

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 106”

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