sociology MCQ questions answers

1421. Zemiology is:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) The study of harm.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Criminology exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Zemiology is a sociological term that refers to the study of harm, particularly in the context of social and cultural aspects of harm and its consequences.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse zemiology with other sociological terms or fields of study, such as criminology or the study of zoos.

Explanations: Zemiology focuses on the study of harm, including its causes, effects, and societal responses. This makes it distinct from other fields like the study of zoos or the government.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, as the study of zoos is not related to zemiology.
Option B: Correct, as zemiology is the study of harm.
Option C: Incorrect, as the study of the government is unrelated to zemiology.
Option D: Incorrect, as the study of zebras is unrelated to zemiology.

Mnemonic: Zemiology: Zero Harm, Investigate

1422. Structural-Functionalists describe society as.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) A normative framework of roles and institutions.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Theory exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Structural-Functionalists view society as a complex system with interrelated parts that work together to maintain stability and equilibrium.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Structural-Functionalism with Conflict Theory, which focuses on inequality and conflict rather than stability and order.

Explanations: Structural-Functionalists describe society as a normative framework of roles and institutions because they emphasize the importance of social norms, roles, and institutions in maintaining social order and stability. This perspective views society as a system where each part contributes to the overall functioning and stability of the whole.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option describes a micro-level perspective, which is more aligned with symbolic interactionism rather than structural-functionalism.
Option B: This option aligns with Conflict Theory, which focuses on conflict, inequality, and alienation rather than stability and order.
Option C: This option suggests an unstable structure, which contradicts the structural-functional perspective that emphasizes stability and equilibrium.
Option D: This option correctly describes the structural-functional perspective, which views society as a normative framework of roles and institutions.

1423. Society means which of the following?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Is a large social grouping that shares the same geographical territory and is subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, IB Social and Cultural Anthropology, SAT Subject Test in World History

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Society is defined as a large social grouping that shares a common territory, political authority, and cultural norms.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse society with social structures or organizations, which are components of society rather than society itself.

Explanations: Society is a broad term that encompasses a large group of people living in a defined area, sharing common laws, and cultural practices. This definition distinguishes society from other social constructs like institutions or organizations, which are specific parts of a society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This describes social structures, not society itself.
Option B: This accurately defines society as a large social grouping with shared territory, political authority, and cultural expectations.
Option C: This describes a hierarchical system, not society.
Option D: This describes a group with a common purpose, which is too narrow to encompass the broader concept of society.

1424. World-affirming religions.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) React against the loss of any meaningful religious content in the teachings of churches.

Exam Relevance: Sociology of Religion, Religious Studies, Anthropology of Religion

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: World-affirming religions are a category of religious movements that react against the perceived loss of meaningful religious content in traditional church teachings.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse world-affirming religions with other religious movements that embrace mainstream cultural values or reject conventional society entirely.

Explanations: World-affirming religions are characterized by their reaction against the perceived loss of meaningful religious content in the teachings of churches. They seek to restore or enhance the spiritual significance that they believe has been diminished in mainstream religious institutions. This aligns with the correct answer, as it highlights the core motivation behind these movements.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option describes a different type of religious movement that embraces conventional cultural values but offers new means to achieve them, which does not align with the concept of world-affirming religions.
Option B: This option correctly identifies the core motivation of world-affirming religions, which is to react against the loss of meaningful religious content in traditional church teachings.
Option C: This option describes a milder stance that does not fully capture the reactive and restorative nature of world-affirming religions.
Option D: This option describes a different type of religious movement that rejects both the goals and means of conventional society, which is not the focus of world-affirming religions.

1425. What is the functional analysis theory?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Society is a whole unit, made up interrelated parts that work together.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Functional analysis theory posits that society functions as a whole unit, with various parts working together to maintain stability and order.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse functional analysis with conflict theory, which focuses on competition for resources rather than the interrelated parts of society.

Explanations: Functional analysis theory views society as a complex system with interrelated parts that work together to maintain stability and order. This perspective emphasizes the interdependence of social institutions and how they contribute to the overall functioning of society. The correct answer, D, accurately reflects this view by stating that society is a whole unit made up of interrelated parts that work together.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This describes conflict theory, which focuses on competition for resources, not functional analysis.
Option B: This describes symbolic interactionism, which focuses on symbols and communication, not functional analysis.
Option C: This describes the purpose of sociological research, not functional analysis theory.
Option D: This correctly describes functional analysis theory, which views society as a whole unit with interrelated parts working together.

Mnemonic: Society as a machine, parts work together.

1426. Consider the following Statements: Our self image never changes as we age or grow. The web of relationships formed by the total of a person's interactions with other people is termed a social network Structure, goals, and activities are clearly defined in a formal group Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Only 2, 3.

Exam Relevance: Organizational Behavior, Psychology, Sociology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The correct answer is based on the understanding of social networks and formal groups in organizational behavior.

Common Mistakes: Students may incorrectly believe that self-image remains constant throughout life, leading them to include statement 1 in their answer.

Explanations: Statement 1 is incorrect because self-image can change as a person ages and experiences new situations. Statement 2 is correct as the term "social network" refers to the web of relationships formed by a person's interactions with others. Statement 3 is also correct as formal groups are characterized by clearly defined structures, goals, and activities.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because statement 1 is false.
Option B: Incorrect because statement 1 is false.
Option C: Incorrect because statement 1 is false.
Option D: Correct because statements 2 and 3 are true.

1427. Education that is provided & regulated by society

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Formal schooling.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP US History, AP Psychology

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Formal schooling refers to education that is provided and regulated by society, typically through government institutions and structured curricula.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse formal schooling with other educational approaches like homeschooling or informal learning, which are not regulated by society.

Explanations: Formal schooling is the correct answer because it is the type of education that is provided and regulated by society. This includes structured curricula, standardized testing, and formal certification processes, all of which are overseen by governmental or societal institutions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Formal schooling is provided and regulated by society.
Option B: Incorrect. Integrative curriculum refers to a teaching method that combines different subjects, not societal regulation.
Option C: Incorrect. Tracking refers to the practice of grouping students based on perceived ability, not societal regulation of education.
Option D: Incorrect. Compensatory education is designed to help students who are behind academically, not societal regulation of education.

1428. Society that survives by growing their own food

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Agricultural.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Geography, SAT Subject Test in World History

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Agricultural societies are characterized by the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for food production.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse agricultural societies with pastoral societies, which primarily rely on herding animals rather than growing crops.

Explanations: Agricultural societies survive by growing their own food, which aligns with the description provided. Pastoral societies focus on herding animals, hunting and gathering societies rely on foraging and hunting, and industrial societies are centered around manufacturing and technology.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Pastoral societies primarily rely on herding animals, not growing crops.
Option B: Agricultural societies grow their own food, which matches the description.
Option C: Hunting and gathering societies depend on foraging and hunting, not agriculture.
Option D: Industrial societies focus on manufacturing and technology, not food production through agriculture.

Mnemonic: A for Agriculture, A for Agriculture, A for Agriculture.

1429. Compared With the sate formation process in industrialized countries which one of the following created major problems for developing societies?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) The legacy of colonialism.

Exam Relevance: International Relations, Political Science, Development Studies

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The legacy of colonialism has created significant challenges for developing societies in their state formation processes.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the long-term impacts of colonialism and focus on more immediate factors like economic mismanagement or lack of a democratic culture.

Explanations: Colonialism often imposed arbitrary borders, disrupted local economies, and created social divisions that persist after independence. These historical legacies complicate state formation and governance in developing societies. The other options, while potentially problematic, are not as deeply rooted or pervasive as the effects of colonialism.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The lack of a strong work ethic is not a significant historical factor in state formation.
Option B: Economic mismanagement by local leaders can be a problem, but it is not as deeply rooted as the legacy of colonialism.
Option C: The lack of a democratic culture is a challenge, but it is often a consequence of colonialism rather than an independent factor.
Option D: The legacy of colonialism has created long-term challenges in state formation, including arbitrary borders, economic disruption, and social divisions.

Mnemonic: Colonialism: Borders, Economy, Divisions (BED)

1430. Identify which theory is criticized for focusing on conflict and excluding the recognition of stability.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Conflict Theory.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Conflict theory focuses on the idea that society is in a constant state of conflict due to competition for limited resources. It often emphasizes the struggle between different social groups and can be criticized for overlooking the stability and cooperation that also exist in societies.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse conflict theory with other sociological theories that also address social dynamics, such as functionalism or symbolic interactionism.

Explanations: Conflict theory is criticized for its focus on conflict and competition, which can overshadow the recognition of stability and cooperation within societies. This perspective often highlights the power struggles and inequalities between different social groups, potentially neglecting the aspects of social order and equilibrium.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Dramaturgy is a sociological perspective that views social interaction in terms of a theatrical performance, focusing on how individuals present themselves to others. It does not focus on conflict or stability.
Option B: Thomas Theory, also known as the Thomas Theorem, suggests that situations defined as real will be real in their consequences. It does not specifically address conflict or stability.
Option C: Conflict Theory emphasizes the role of conflict and competition in social dynamics, often criticized for overlooking stability and cooperation.
Option D: Dysfunction Theory is not a widely recognized sociological theory. It may refer to the idea that certain social structures or behaviors can have negative consequences, but it does not specifically focus on conflict or stability.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 143”

Anonymous January 28, 2020
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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020
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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 143”

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