sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

171. A system that puts categories of people in a social class is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Stratification.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Stratification refers to the hierarchical arrangement of people into different social classes based on factors such as wealth, power, and status.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse stratification with classification, which is a broader term for categorizing people or things without necessarily implying a hierarchy.

Explanations: Stratification is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the systematic arrangement of people into social classes, which involves a hierarchical structure. Wealth, classification, and sociology are related concepts but do not specifically describe the system of categorizing people into social classes.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Stratification is the correct term for the hierarchical arrangement of people into social classes.
Option B: Wealth is a factor that can influence social stratification but does not describe the system itself.
Option C: Classification is a general term for categorizing but does not imply a hierarchical structure.
Option D: Sociology is the study of society and social behavior, not a system of categorization.

Mnemonic: S - Social Structure

172. Which of the following is not element of culture?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Traits.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Sociology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Culture is typically defined by elements such as ethos, patterns, and norms, but not by traits.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse traits with cultural patterns or norms, leading to incorrect selection.

Explanations: Traits are individual characteristics or qualities that are not specific to culture. Ethos, patterns, and norms are elements that define culture. Therefore, traits do not qualify as elements of culture.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Traits are individual characteristics and not elements of culture.
Option B: Ethos is a cultural element representing the characteristic spirit of a culture.
Option C: Patterns are recurring behaviors and practices that define cultural norms.
Option D: None of these is incorrect as traits are not an element of culture.

173. Which field of anthropology would most likely be interested in the marriage patterns and kinship systems of different societies around the world?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Cultural anthropology.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Cultural anthropology focuses on the study of human cultures, including social structures, customs, and practices.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse cultural anthropology with linguistic anthropology, which focuses on language and communication.

Explanations: Cultural anthropology is the field that examines the social structures, customs, and practices of different societies. Marriage patterns and kinship systems are key aspects of social structure and cultural practices, making cultural anthropology the most relevant field for studying these topics.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Cultural anthropology studies social structures and practices, including marriage patterns and kinship systems.
Option B: Incorrect. Linguistic anthropology focuses on language and communication, not social structures.
Option C: Incorrect. Zooarchaeology studies animal remains in archaeological contexts, not social structures.
Option D: Incorrect. While all fields of anthropology are interconnected, cultural anthropology is the most relevant for studying marriage patterns and kinship systems.

174. The recognition of new uses for existing elements in the world or a new understanding of these elements is called

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Discovery.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Psychology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Discovery refers to the act of finding or recognizing something new or previously unknown.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse discovery with invention, thinking that creating something new is the same as discovering it.

Explanations: Discovery involves recognizing new uses or understanding of existing elements in the world. It does not involve creating something entirely new, which would be invention. Therefore, the correct term for recognizing new uses or understanding of existing elements is discovery.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Assimilation refers to the process of incorporating new information into existing knowledge structures, not recognizing new uses or understanding of existing elements.
Option B: Invention involves creating something new, not recognizing new uses or understanding of existing elements.
Option C: Technology refers to the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, not recognizing new uses or understanding of existing elements.
Option D: Discovery involves recognizing new uses or understanding of existing elements, which aligns with the question's context.

175. Who argues that patriarchy is the source of female oppression?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Radical feminists.

Exam Relevance: Gender Studies, Sociology, Women's Studies

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Radical feminists argue that patriarchy is the root cause of female oppression.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse radical feminism with other feminist theories or political ideologies.

Explanations: Radical feminists believe that patriarchy is a system of power that oppresses women. They argue that this system is deeply embedded in societal structures and institutions, leading to the subjugation and oppression of women. This perspective is distinct from other feminist theories, which may focus on different aspects of gender inequality.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Donald Trump is a political figure and not associated with feminist theory.
Option B: Marxists focus on economic class struggle rather than patriarchy as the primary source of oppression.
Option C: Radical feminists argue that patriarchy is the source of female oppression.
Option D: Mona Lisa is an artwork and not related to feminist theory.

Mnemonic: Patriarchy = Power over women, Radical feminists = R for Root cause.

176. In stage 3 of the health transition the main causes of illness and death are.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Chronic degenerative diseases such as cancer heart disease and strokes.

Exam Relevance: Public Health, Epidemiology, Medical Sociology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In stage 3 of the health transition, societies experience a shift from infectious diseases to chronic degenerative diseases as the primary causes of illness and death.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the stages of health transition, mistaking acute infectious diseases or respiratory diseases as the main causes in stage 3.

Explanations: Stage 3 of the health transition is characterized by improvements in sanitation, nutrition, and healthcare, which reduce the prevalence of acute infectious diseases. As a result, chronic degenerative diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, and strokes, become the leading causes of illness and death. These conditions are often associated with lifestyle factors and aging populations.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Acute infectious diseases are more prevalent in earlier stages of the health transition, not stage 3.
Option B: While respiratory diseases can be significant, they are not the primary focus in stage 3, which is dominated by chronic degenerative diseases.
Option C: Chronic degenerative diseases are the main causes of illness and death in stage 3 due to improvements in public health and healthcare systems.
Option D: The causes of illness and death in stage 3 are not too diverse to categorize; chronic degenerative diseases are the predominant category.

Mnemonic: Cancer, Heart, Strokes - CHS

177. A setting in which people are isolated from the rest of society for a specific period of time and subject to tight control.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Total institution.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Psychology exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A total institution is a setting where individuals are isolated from the rest of society and subjected to tight control over their daily activities.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse total institutions with other social settings like families or organizations, which do not involve the same level of isolation and control.

Explanations: A total institution is characterized by the complete control over the lives of its members, including their daily routines, interactions, and personal freedoms. This setting isolates individuals from the outside world and subjects them to strict regulations and monitoring. Examples include prisons, mental hospitals, and military boot camps. The term "total institution" was coined by sociologist Erving Goffman to describe these highly controlled environments.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Family is a social unit consisting of parents and children living together, not a setting of isolation and tight control.
Option B: Impression management refers to the process of influencing the perceptions of others, not a setting of isolation and control.
Option C: Dramaturgy is a sociological perspective that views social interaction in terms of a performance, not a setting of isolation and control.
Option D: Total institution is the correct term for a setting where individuals are isolated and subjected to tight control.

Mnemonic: Think "Total Control" for "Total Institution."

178. Anything that represents something else is known as:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Symbol.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Psychology

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse symbols with other terms like functions or ideals, which have different meanings in various contexts.

Explanations: A symbol is a representation of something else, often used to convey a specific meaning or idea. This aligns with the definition provided in the question, making "Symbol" the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A sample is a subset of a population used for statistical analysis, not a representation of something else.
Option B: A function is a mathematical relationship between two sets, not a representation of something else.
Option C: A symbol is a representation of something else, which fits the definition given in the question.
Option D: An ideal type is a conceptual model used in social sciences, not a representation of something else in the general sense.

179. What is ideal culture?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Refers to cultural guidelines publicly embraced by members of a society.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Sociology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Ideal culture refers to the cultural guidelines that are publicly embraced and upheld by members of a society. These guidelines represent the idealized norms and values that a society aspires to.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse ideal culture with actual behavior patterns, which can often conflict with these guidelines.

Explanations: Ideal culture is defined as the cultural guidelines that are publicly embraced by members of a society. These guidelines represent the idealized norms and values that a society aspires to, even if actual behavior may not always align with these ideals. This makes option B the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This describes actual behavior patterns, which can conflict with ideal culture.
Option B: This correctly defines ideal culture as cultural guidelines publicly embraced by members of a society.
Option C: This describes broad ideas about what most people in a society consider desirable, which is more aligned with values rather than specific cultural guidelines.
Option D: This is incorrect as one of the options does correctly define ideal culture.

180. Durkheim's famous definition of religion includes three main elements Which of these is not one of the three? W

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Religion involves belief in God.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Religious Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Durkheim's definition of religion does not include belief in God as a necessary element.

Common Mistakes: Students often mistakenly believe that religion must involve belief in God, which is a common misconception.

Explanations: Durkheim defined religion as a system of beliefs and practices that relate to sacred things, distinguishing the sacred from the profane. He did not specify belief in God as a necessary component. Instead, he emphasized the social and cultural aspects of religion, including its role in providing a sense of purpose and its place within broader cultural contexts.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Religion as a form of culture is part of Durkheim's definition, as he emphasized the cultural and social aspects of religion.
Option B: Religion involving belief in God is not a necessary element according to Durkheim's definition.
Option C: Religion providing a sense of purpose is a component of Durkheim's definition, as he saw religion as fulfilling a social function.
Option D: Religion involving beliefs and ritual practices is a key part of Durkheim's definition, as he focused on the collective beliefs and practices that define a religion.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 18”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 18”

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