sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

161. Bourgeoisie were the ..... class of society.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Capitalists, business owners, own the means of production.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Political Science exams, Economics exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The bourgeoisie are the class of society that owns the means of production, such as factories, land, and capital. They are typically capitalists and business owners.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the bourgeoisie with the proletariat, who are the working class and do not own the means of production.

Explanations: The bourgeoisie are defined as the class of society that owns the means of production. This includes capitalists and business owners who control the resources and capital necessary for production. The working class, or proletariat, do not own the means of production and are therefore not considered part of the bourgeoisie.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The bourgeoisie are capitalists and business owners who own the means of production.
Option B: Incorrect. The working class and peasants do not own the means of production and are part of the proletariat.
Option C: Incorrect. The correct answer is only (A).
Option D: Incorrect. The correct answer is (A).

162. According to sociologists a century ago people thought most human behaviour was guided by biological instinctive a human behavior is called

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Social environment.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Psychology exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Sociologists a century ago believed that human behavior was primarily guided by biological instincts, but modern sociological perspectives emphasize the role of the social environment in shaping behavior.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the role of social institutions, social identity, or social groups with the broader concept of the social environment.

Explanations: According to sociologists a century ago, human behavior was thought to be guided by biological instincts. However, modern sociological theory emphasizes that human behavior is significantly influenced by the social environment. The social environment includes the cultural norms, social interactions, and societal structures that shape individual behavior. This perspective aligns with the claimed correct answer, which is the social environment.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Social Institutions refer to organized structures that perform specific functions for society, such as education or religion. While important, they are not the primary focus of the question.
Option B: Social identity refers to the part of an individual's self-concept derived from perceived membership in a social group. This is a component of the social environment but not the overarching concept.
Option C: Social group refers to a collection of individuals who share a common identity and interact with one another. This is also a component of the social environment but not the overarching concept.
Option D: Social environment encompasses all the social factors that influence human behavior, including social institutions, social identity, and social groups. This is the correct answer as it reflects the broader concept of how the social context shapes behavior.

163. What kind of research method would you use to see if the robotics club was benefiting the students involved?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Program Evaluation.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology, High School Research Methods

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Program Evaluation is a systematic method to assess the effectiveness of a program or intervention.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Program Evaluation with other research methods like case studies or participant observation, which do not focus on assessing program effectiveness.

Explanations: Program Evaluation is the appropriate method to determine if the robotics club is benefiting the students involved. This method involves systematically assessing the impact and effectiveness of the program, including its goals, processes, and outcomes. It can include data collection methods such as surveys, interviews, and performance metrics to evaluate the program's success.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Case study is a detailed examination of a specific instance or situation, but it does not focus on evaluating the effectiveness of a program.
Option B: Participant Observation involves observing participants in their natural environment, but it does not provide a structured assessment of program effectiveness.
Option C: Program Evaluation is the correct choice as it focuses on assessing the impact and effectiveness of the robotics club on the students involved.
Option D: Demographic Information provides data about the characteristics of a population but does not evaluate the effectiveness of a program.

164. This is the smallest unit of culture, an individual tool, act, or belief that is related to a particular situation?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Cultural Trait.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Sociology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A cultural trait is the smallest unit of culture, representing a specific tool, act, or belief related to a particular situation.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse cultural traits with broader cultural variations or complexities, which encompass multiple traits.

Explanations: A cultural trait is the smallest unit of culture, such as a specific tool, act, or belief. It is related to a particular situation and is distinct from larger cultural variations or complexities. Cultural traits are the building blocks of culture, and understanding them is essential for comprehending the diversity within a culture.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Cultural Variation refers to differences within a culture, not the smallest unit of culture.
Option B: Cultural Complexity refers to the intricacy and interrelatedness of cultural elements, not the smallest unit of culture.
Option C: Cultural Trait is the correct term for the smallest unit of culture, such as a specific tool, act, or belief.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect because Cultural Trait is the correct answer.

165. Structured inequality of gender roles.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Has its origins in agricultural communities.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology, Sociology, Gender Studies

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Structured inequality of gender roles is often traced back to the development of agricultural societies.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that structured gender roles originated with the earliest human societies or with the advent of industrialization.

Explanations: The transition from hunting and gathering to agricultural societies marked a significant shift in human social structures. In agricultural communities, the division of labor became more pronounced, with men often taking on roles related to farming and land management, while women were more involved in domestic tasks and child-rearing. This division led to a more structured and institutionalized form of gender inequality, which persisted and evolved over time.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because structured gender roles are not believed to have existed in the earliest human cultures, where roles were more fluid and based on immediate needs.
Option B: Incorrect because hunting and gathering societies did not have the same level of structured gender roles as agricultural societies.
Option C: Correct because the origins of structured gender roles can be traced to the development of agricultural communities.
Option D: Incorrect because industrial societies did not initiate structured gender roles; they inherited and modified these roles from earlier agricultural societies.

Mnemonic: Agriculture, Roles, Inequality (ARI)

166. In 1971 in England and Wales what was the average age at first marriage for women?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) 22.6.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Geography, A-Level Sociology

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The average age at first marriage for women in England and Wales in 1971 was 22.6 years.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse this statistic with more recent data or data from different regions.

Explanations: The correct answer is 22.6 years because historical demographic data from England and Wales in 1971 indicates this was the average age at which women first married. This data reflects the social and cultural norms of the time.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct, as it matches the historical data for 1971.
Option B: Incorrect, as it is higher than the actual average age.
Option C: Incorrect, as it is significantly higher than the actual average age.
Option D: Incorrect, as it is much higher than the actual average age.

167. Sociological Theory focused on people's interaction based on mutually understood symbols.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Symbolic Interactionism.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Symbolic Interactionism is a sociological theory that focuses on the role of symbols and language in human interaction.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Symbolic Interactionism with other sociological theories such as Conflict Theory or Functionalism, which have different focuses.

Explanations: Symbolic Interactionism emphasizes how people use symbols to create meaning and communicate with each other. This theory is centered on the idea that individuals interpret and give meaning to symbols, which then guide their actions and interactions. Therefore, it is the correct answer as it directly addresses the focus on people's interaction based on mutually understood symbols.

Option Analysis:

Option A: String Theory is a theoretical framework in physics, not a sociological theory.
Option B: Symbolic Interactionism is the correct answer as it focuses on the use of symbols in social interactions.
Option C: Conflict Theory focuses on the distribution of resources and power in society, not on symbols.
Option D: Functionalism focuses on how different parts of society work together to maintain stability, not on symbols.

168. What are the major principles of Transcendentalism? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Only (A) & (B).

Exam Relevance: AP US History, SAT Subject Tests, High School History Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Transcendentalism is a philosophical movement that emphasizes the inherent goodness of people and nature, and a distrust in the values of society.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that Transcendentalism supports the idea that people are born evil, which is not true.

Explanations: Transcendentalism emphasizes a deep connection between God and nature, and a skepticism towards societal norms and values. It does not support the idea that people are inherently evil.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Transcendentalists often distrusted the values of society, believing that societal norms could corrupt the inherent goodness of individuals.
Option B: Transcendentalists believed that God and nature were interconnected, often equating the two.
Option C: Transcendentalism does not support the idea that people are born evil; rather, it emphasizes the inherent goodness of people.
Option D: This option correctly identifies the principles of Transcendentalism as outlined in options A and B.

169. What are the two grouping for upper class identities? (2)

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Only (A) & (B).

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The upper class identities are typically categorized into two main groups: the business elite and the landed aristocracy.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly include professors and intellectuals as a separate category, but they are not typically considered part of the upper class identities in this context.

Explanations: The upper class identities are primarily divided into two groups: the business elite, who derive their status from wealth and business success, and the landed aristocracy, who have inherited their status and wealth through land ownership. Professors and intellectuals, while often highly respected, do not typically fall into the upper class identities as defined here.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Business Elite is a correct grouping for upper class identities.
Option B: Landed aristocracy is a correct grouping for upper class identities.
Option C: Professors and intellectuals are not typically considered a grouping for upper class identities.
Option D: Only (A) & (B) is the correct answer as it includes the two main groupings for upper class identities.

170. Those people whose opinions of us are important to us

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Significant others.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, Introductory Psychology, Social Psychology Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Significant others are individuals whose opinions and attitudes are important to us and influence our behavior and self-concept.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse significant others with the broader concept of socialization, which encompasses a wider range of influences.

Explanations: Significant others are those individuals whose opinions and attitudes are important to us and can influence our behavior and self-concept. This term is often used in social psychology to describe people who have a significant impact on an individual's social development and self-perception. The other options do not specifically refer to individuals whose opinions are important to us.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Imitation stage refers to a phase in child development where children learn by copying others, not specifically to those whose opinions are important to us.
Option B: Game stage is a concept in social development where children engage in social play, but it does not refer to individuals whose opinions are important to us.
Option C: Significant others are individuals whose opinions and attitudes are important to us and influence our behavior and self-concept, making this the correct answer.
Option D: Socialization is the process by which individuals learn the values, norms, and behaviors of their society, but it does not specifically refer to individuals whose opinions are important to us.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 17”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 17”

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