sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

221. Some of the most important freedoms in American society are

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Freedom of religion, speech, and the press.

Exam Relevance: AP US Government and Politics, SAT US History, Civics Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The First Amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees certain fundamental freedoms, including freedom of religion, speech, and the press.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that freedom includes the ability to do whatever they want without any restrictions, which is not accurate.

Explanations: The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects freedom of religion, speech, and the press. These freedoms are foundational to American society, ensuring that individuals can practice their religion freely, express their opinions without fear of government censorship, and have access to a free press that can report on matters of public interest. These rights are essential for a democratic society and are protected by the Constitution.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Freedom to choose food is not a fundamental freedom protected by the U.S. Constitution.
Option B: Freedom from all laws is not a realistic or constitutional concept, as laws are necessary for societal order.
Option C: Freedom to do whatever we want is not a protected freedom; it is limited by laws and the rights of others.
Option D: Freedom of religion, speech, and the press are protected by the First Amendment and are essential to American society.

222. Institutionalized Tourist Roles

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Only (A) & (B).

Exam Relevance: Tourism Management, Hospitality Management, Travel and Tourism

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Institutionalized tourist roles refer to the structured and organized forms of tourism. These roles include the individual mass tourist and the organized mass tourist.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly include the drifter as an institutionalized tourist role, but the drifter is typically considered a non-institutionalized role due to their lack of structured travel plans.

Explanations: The individual mass tourist and the organized mass tourist are both institutionalized roles because they involve structured and organized travel. The individual mass tourist travels independently but within a framework of pre-arranged services and facilities. The organized mass tourist travels as part of a group with a pre-planned itinerary. The drifter, however, does not fit into this category as they travel spontaneously without a structured plan.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Individual Mass Tourist is an institutionalized role as it involves structured travel within a framework of pre-arranged services.
Option B: Organized Mass Tourist is an institutionalized role as it involves structured group travel with a pre-planned itinerary.
Option C: Drifter is not an institutionalized role as it involves spontaneous and unstructured travel.
Option D: Only (A) & (B) correctly identifies the institutionalized tourist roles.

223. Occupational structure composed of large firms donminating their industries

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Core tier.

Exam Relevance: Economics exams, Business Management exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The core tier in occupational structure refers to industries dominated by large firms that have significant market power and influence.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the core tier with the tertiary sector, which includes service industries, or the primary sector, which involves extraction and agriculture.

Explanations: The core tier is characterized by large firms that dominate their industries, often through economies of scale and market control. This is distinct from the tertiary sector, which focuses on services, and the primary sector, which involves raw materials. The peripheral tier typically includes smaller firms and less dominant industries.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The core tier is defined by large firms dominating their industries.
Option B: Incorrect. The tertiary sector includes service industries, not large firms dominating their industries.
Option C: Incorrect. The primary sector involves extraction and agriculture, not large firms dominating their industries.
Option D: Incorrect. The peripheral tier includes smaller firms and less dominant industries.

224. What is the primary agent in childhood socialization?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Family.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology, High School Sociology

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The primary agent in childhood socialization is the family.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that mass media or religion are the primary agents of socialization.

Explanations: Family is the primary agent in childhood socialization because it is the first and most influential environment for a child. Parents and siblings provide the initial social interactions, values, and norms that shape a child's behavior and beliefs. The family's influence is continuous and foundational, setting the stage for later socialization by other agents.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Gender is not an agent of socialization but rather a characteristic that can influence how socialization occurs.
Option B: Family is the primary agent of socialization due to its foundational role in a child's early development.
Option C: Mass media can influence socialization but is not the primary agent, as its impact is secondary to the family.
Option D: Religion can play a role in socialization but is typically less influential than the family in early childhood.

Mnemonic: FAMILY: Foundational Agent Making Influences, Laying the Youth's Base

225. Role-taking is associated with

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Mead.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Social Work exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Role-taking is a concept in social psychology that refers to the ability to understand and adopt the perspective of another person. This concept is closely associated with the work of George Herbert Mead.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse role-taking with other sociological concepts such as role-playing or socialization, which are related but distinct.

Explanations: George Herbert Mead is known for his theory of the development of the self through social interaction. He introduced the concept of role-taking, which is the ability to take on the perspective of another individual. This ability is crucial for social interaction and the development of a social self. Mead's theory emphasizes the importance of role-taking in the process of socialization and the formation of the self.

Option Analysis:

Option A: John Locke is known for his theories on empiricism and social contract, not role-taking.
Option B: Charles Cooley is associated with the concept of the "looking-glass self," but not specifically with role-taking.
Option C: George Herbert Mead is the correct association for role-taking, as it is a central concept in his theory of social development.
Option D: This option is incorrect as Mead is the correct association for role-taking.

Mnemonic: Mead's Role: Mead's theory revolves around role-taking.

226. According to Roy Wallis' typology which groups may be considered 'world-rejecting'? (2)

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Only (A) & (B).

Exam Relevance: Sociology of Religion, Religious Studies, Anthropology of Religion

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Roy Wallis' typology categorizes new religious movements into three types: world-affirming, world-accommodating, and world-rejecting. World-rejecting groups are those that seek to withdraw from the world and create a separate community.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse world-rejecting groups with world-accommodating groups, which are more integrated into society but still maintain a degree of separation.

Explanations: According to Roy Wallis' typology, Scientology and the Unification Church are considered world-rejecting groups. These groups often seek to withdraw from the world and create a separate community, which aligns with the characteristics of world-rejecting groups. The Satanic Temple, on the other hand, does not fit this category as it is more world-affirming or world-accommodating.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Scientology is a world-rejecting group as it seeks to withdraw from the world and create a separate community.
Option B: The Unification Church is also a world-rejecting group as it similarly seeks to withdraw from the world and create a separate community.
Option C: The Satanic Temple is not a world-rejecting group; it is more world-affirming or world-accommodating.
Option D: Only Scientology and the Unification Church are world-rejecting groups, making this the correct answer.

227. Industry is a subsystem of a super ordinate system i.e. .....system.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Economic.

Exam Relevance: Economics, Business Studies, Management

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Industry is a subsystem within the broader economic system, which includes various sectors such as agriculture, services, and finance.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the economic system with other social systems, such as political or cultural systems.

Explanations: Industry is a subsystem of the economic system because it involves the production and distribution of goods and services, which are key components of economic activity. The economic system encompasses all activities related to the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, making it the superordinate system to industry.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Industry is a part of the economic system, which includes various sectors and activities related to production and distribution.
Option B: Incorrect. "Modern" is not a system but a descriptor that could apply to various systems or contexts.
Option C: Incorrect. While industry is part of the social system, the question specifically asks for the superordinate system, which is economic.
Option D: Incorrect. "Capitalist" is an economic system type, but the question asks for the broader system that includes industry.

228. Which term does John Thompson use to describe the sort of social relations created by the mass media?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Mediated quasi interaction.

Exam Relevance: Media Studies, Communication Studies, Sociology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Mediated quasi interaction refers to the type of social interaction that occurs through the mass media, where individuals engage with content and each other indirectly.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse mediated quasi interaction with face-to-face interaction, which involves direct, immediate communication between individuals.

Explanations: John Thompson uses the term "mediated quasi interaction" to describe the social relations created by the mass media. This term emphasizes that the interaction is not direct but rather facilitated through media such as television, radio, or the internet. The term "quasi" indicates that while there is a form of interaction, it is not the same as direct face-to-face communication.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Face-to-face interaction is direct and immediate, not mediated by technology or media.
Option B: Mediated interaction is a broader term that includes various forms of indirect communication, but it does not specifically capture the quasi nature of media-induced social relations.
Option C: Mediated quasi interaction accurately describes the indirect, media-facilitated social relations that Thompson refers to.
Option D: Mediated multiple-interaction is not a term used by Thompson and does not accurately describe the concept.

Mnemonic: MQI for Media Quasi Interaction

229. A closed stratification system traditionally found in India.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Caste.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, GMAT, SAT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The caste system is a traditional social stratification system found in India, dividing society into hierarchical groups.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the caste system with other forms of social stratification, such as ageism or slavery.

Explanations: The caste system is a closed stratification system that has historically divided Indian society into hierarchical groups based on birth. This system is deeply rooted in Indian culture and has been a significant aspect of social organization for centuries.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Ageism refers to discrimination based on age, not a traditional social stratification system.
Option B: The caste system is a traditional social stratification system found in India, dividing society into hierarchical groups based on birth.
Option C: Slavery is a system where people are owned and controlled by others, not a traditional social stratification system.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the caste system is the correct answer.

Mnemonic: Caste: Closed, Ancient, Social, Traditional, Hierarchy

230. Which of these trends did the New Right not suggest as evidence of declining family values?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) The tendency for cohabitation before marriage.

Exam Relevance: AP US History, IB History, A-Level Sociology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The New Right often criticized trends such as rising divorce rates, the absence of fathers in many households, and the increasing number of single-parent families as evidence of declining family values. However, cohabitation before marriage was not typically highlighted as a negative trend by the New Right.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that the New Right criticized all forms of non-traditional family structures, including cohabitation before marriage.

Explanations: The New Right focused on trends that they believed undermined traditional family structures, such as divorce and single parenthood. Cohabitation before marriage was not seen as a significant threat to family values by the New Right, as it did not necessarily lead to the breakdown of traditional family units.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The New Right did not typically criticize cohabitation before marriage as a sign of declining family values.
Option B: The New Right often criticized the rising divorce rate as a sign of declining family values.
Option C: The New Right often criticized the absence of fathers in many households as a sign of declining family values.
Option D: The New Right often criticized the increasing number of single-parent families as a sign of declining family values.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 23”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 23”

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