sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

271. Control through force

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Coercion.

Exam Relevance: Political Science, Sociology, Psychology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Coercion refers to the use of force or threats to compel someone to act in a certain way. It is a form of control that relies on the fear of negative consequences.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse coercion with authority, which is the legitimate power to enforce rules and make decisions, or with power, which is the ability to influence others.

Explanations: Coercion involves the use of force or threats to control behavior. It is a direct form of control that relies on the fear of negative consequences to ensure compliance. This makes it distinct from other forms of control such as authority or power, which do not necessarily involve force.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Authority refers to the legitimate power to enforce rules and make decisions, not the use of force.
Option B: Power elite refers to a small group of people who hold the majority of power in a society, not the use of force.
Option C: Power is the ability to influence others, which does not necessarily involve force.
Option D: Coercion involves the use of force or threats to compel someone to act in a certain way, making it the correct answer.

Mnemonic: Force, Threat, Control (FTC)

272. The most important component of a successful symbol is .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) To be recognized by those in a society.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The most important component of a successful symbol is its recognition within a society.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that a symbol must be liked or used frequently to be successful, but recognition is the key factor.

Explanations: A symbol's primary function is to convey meaning and information. For a symbol to be effective, it must be recognizable to the people within a society. Recognition ensures that the symbol can be understood and interpreted correctly by the intended audience. While being liked or used by people can enhance a symbol's effectiveness, these factors are secondary to recognition.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Recognition is the most important component as it ensures the symbol can be understood by the society.
Option B: Incorrect. While being liked can enhance a symbol's effectiveness, it is not the most important component.
Option C: Incorrect. Usage is important but secondary to recognition. A symbol can be recognized without being frequently used.
Option D: Incorrect. Aesthetics are not the primary factor in a symbol's success.

273. Slang Words are typically specific to a culture. This is an example of:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Language.

Exam Relevance: AP Cultural Anthropology, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Slang words are a subset of language that are often specific to a particular culture or subculture.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse slang with symbols or norms, as all three can be culturally specific.

Explanations: Slang words are a form of language that is often specific to a particular culture or subculture. They are not symbols, which are objects or figures that represent something else. They are also not norms, which are established standards of behavior. Slang is a linguistic phenomenon, making it a part of language.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Symbols are objects or figures that represent something else, not specific to language.
Option B: Slang is a form of language specific to a culture or subculture.
Option C: Norms are established standards of behavior, not specific to language.
Option D: Material culture refers to physical objects and artifacts, not language.

274. Methods in which a culture prepares its members to participate in the society by teaching them necessary skills

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Education.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Education is the process by which a culture imparts necessary skills and knowledge to its members to participate effectively in society.

Common Mistakes: Students might confuse technology or agriculture as methods of imparting skills, but these are not the primary means of cultural transmission.

Explanations: Education is the systematic process through which a society teaches its members the necessary skills, knowledge, and values to function within that society. This includes formal schooling, informal learning, and cultural practices that transmit essential information from one generation to the next.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Technology is a tool that can be used in education but is not a method of imparting skills to society.
Option B: Education is the correct method as it encompasses formal and informal learning processes that prepare individuals for societal participation.
Option C: Agriculture is a practice and not a method of imparting skills to society.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect because education is a valid method.

Mnemonic: E - Educate, Equip, Engage

275. Abstract human creations form this for a group.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Nonmaterial Culture.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Sociology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Nonmaterial culture refers to the abstract human creations that form a group's shared beliefs, values, norms, and practices.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse nonmaterial culture with material culture, which includes physical objects and artifacts.

Explanations: Nonmaterial culture encompasses the abstract elements that shape a group's identity, such as beliefs, values, and norms. These elements are not tangible but are essential for the functioning and cohesion of a group. Abstract human creations like language, customs, and social norms fall under nonmaterial culture, making it the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Material culture includes physical objects and artifacts, not abstract concepts.
Option B: Nonmaterial culture includes abstract human creations that form a group's shared beliefs, values, norms, and practices.
Option C: This option is incorrect because only nonmaterial culture fits the description.
Option D: This option is incorrect because nonmaterial culture is the correct answer.

276. The ..... Article tells about right to speak and right to express one's opinion.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Article 19.

Exam Relevance: UPSC Civil Services, CLAT, State PSC

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Article 19 of the Indian Constitution guarantees the fundamental right to freedom of speech and expression.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Article 19 with other articles that also deal with fundamental rights, such as Article 21 (right to life and personal liberty) or Article 25 (freedom of conscience and free profession, practice, and propagation of religion).

Explanations: Article 19 of the Indian Constitution specifically addresses the right to freedom of speech and expression. This article ensures that citizens have the right to express their opinions, ideas, and beliefs freely, subject to certain reasonable restrictions. The right to speak and express one's opinion is a fundamental aspect of democratic governance and is protected under this article.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Article 45 is related to providing early childhood care and education, not to freedom of speech and expression.
Option B: Article 39 is a directive principle of state policy and does not directly address the right to freedom of speech and expression.
Option C: Article 19 is the correct article that guarantees the right to freedom of speech and expression.
Option D: Article 29 deals with the protection of the interests of minorities and does not cover the right to freedom of speech and expression.

277. The spread of a cultural trait from an originating hearth

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Cultural diffusion.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Geography, SAT Subject Test in World History

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Cultural diffusion is the spread of cultural traits from one society to another.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse cultural diffusion with cultural relativism, which is the practice of not judging a culture by the standards of one's own culture.

Explanations: Cultural diffusion refers to the process by which cultural traits, such as ideas, beliefs, and practices, spread from one society to another. This spread can occur through various means, including migration, trade, and communication. The term accurately describes the spread of a cultural trait from an originating hearth.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Cultural relativism is the practice of not judging a culture by the standards of one's own culture, which is not related to the spread of cultural traits.
Option B: Xenophobia is the fear or hatred of foreigners, which is unrelated to the spread of cultural traits.
Option C: Cultural diffusion is the correct term for the spread of cultural traits from an originating hearth.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect because cultural diffusion is the correct term.

278. Students in a clique you do not belong to are best an example of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Out-Group.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology, Sociology Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In sociology, an out-group refers to a group to which an individual does not belong and may view with some level of prejudice or distance.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse out-group with in-group, which refers to a group to which an individual belongs and feels a sense of belonging and loyalty.

Explanations: The term "out-group" is used to describe a group that an individual does not belong to and may perceive with some level of distance or even prejudice. Since the students in a clique you do not belong to are not part of your social circle, they are considered an out-group.

Option Analysis:

Option A: In-Group refers to a group to which an individual belongs and feels a sense of belonging and loyalty, which does not apply here.
Option B: Out-Group refers to a group to which an individual does not belong and may view with some level of distance or prejudice, which fits the description of students in a clique you do not belong to.
Option C: Primary Group refers to a small social group whose members share close, personal, enduring relationships, which does not apply to the context of a clique you do not belong to.
Option D: Reference Group refers to a group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior, which does not specifically describe the relationship to a clique you do not belong to.

Mnemonic: O for Out-Group, O for Other

279. The world urbanization rate is rising highly It was 49% in 2005 and is likely to be 60% till.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, GMAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The world urbanization rate is a measure of the proportion of the population living in urban areas. The trend indicates a steady increase over time.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the timeline of urbanization projections with other demographic trends or misinterpret the data provided.

Explanations: The urbanization rate was 49% in 2005 and is projected to reach 60% by 2030. This projection is based on demographic trends and urban planning forecasts. The correct answer is 2030, as it aligns with the given data and projections.

Option Analysis:

Option A: 2015 is too early for the urbanization rate to reach 60% based on the given trend.
Option B: 2020 is also too early for the urbanization rate to reach 60% based on the given trend.
Option C: 2030 is the correct year as it aligns with the projected urbanization rate of 60%.
Option D: None of these is incorrect as 2030 is the correct year based on the given data.

280. Which class is typically the most politically active?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Upper.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, GMAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The upper class is typically more politically active due to their higher levels of education, resources, and access to political networks.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that the lower class is more politically active due to their greater need for political change.

Explanations: The upper class often has more resources, such as time, money, and education, which enable them to engage more actively in political processes. They are more likely to have the means to influence political decisions through donations, lobbying, and other forms of political engagement. Additionally, their higher levels of education and access to information make them more aware of political issues and more capable of participating in political activities.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The upper class is typically more politically active due to their resources and access to political networks.
Option B: Incorrect. The middle class, while politically active, generally does not have the same level of resources and influence as the upper class.
Option C: Incorrect. The lower class, despite having a strong need for political change, often lacks the resources and access to political networks to be as active as the upper class.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as the upper class is indeed the most politically active.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 28”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 28”

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