sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

21. Students at Bailey University staged a sit-in to protest the University's decision to cancel its longstanding policy of exempting draduating seniors from final exams Which strongest framework for analyzing this situation?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Conflict, because this is an example of a power struggle between two groups with conflicting ideas and interests.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Conflict Theory exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The conflict theory in sociology focuses on the power dynamics and struggles between different groups with opposing interests.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the interactionist perspective, which focuses on shared meanings and understanding, with the conflict perspective, which emphasizes power struggles.

Explanations: The situation described involves a power struggle between the University administration and the students. The University's decision to cancel the longstanding policy of exempting graduating seniors from final exams is met with resistance from the students, who stage a sit-in to protest. This scenario aligns with the conflict theory, which examines the dynamics of power and conflict between different groups. The students and the University have conflicting interests, with the students seeking to maintain the existing policy and the University seeking to change it.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The interactionist perspective focuses on shared meanings and understanding, which is not the primary issue in this scenario.
Option B: The conflict perspective correctly identifies the power struggle between the University and the students.
Option C: The functionalist perspective would focus on the functions and roles within the system, not the conflict between groups.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the conflict perspective is the most appropriate framework for this situation.

22. Which perspective focuses on stable society and working through a system of consensus and cooperation?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Functionalist Perspective.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Work exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Functionalist Perspective emphasizes the stability of society and the importance of consensus and cooperation among its members.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Functionalist Perspective with the Conflict Perspective, which focuses on conflict and inequality rather than consensus and cooperation.

Explanations: The Functionalist Perspective views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. It emphasizes the importance of social institutions and their roles in maintaining social order. This perspective highlights the need for cooperation and consensus among different parts of society to ensure its smooth functioning and stability.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The Conflict Perspective focuses on conflict and inequality, not consensus and cooperation.
Option B: The Functionalist Perspective focuses on stable society and working through a system of consensus and cooperation.
Option C: The Symbolic/Interactionist Perspective focuses on the meanings individuals derive from social interactions, not on societal stability or consensus.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the Functionalist Perspective is the correct answer.

23. Which was the first Backward Community Commission in India?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Kaka Kalelkar Commission.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, State PSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Kaka Kalelkar Commission was the first Backward Community Commission in India, established in 1953 to identify socially and educationally backward classes.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the Kaka Kalelkar Commission with other commissions such as the Mandal Commission, which was established later in 1979.

Explanations: The Kaka Kalelkar Commission was the first official body in India to identify and recommend measures for the upliftment of socially and educationally backward classes. Established in 1953, it was tasked with identifying backward classes and suggesting measures for their advancement. This commission laid the groundwork for future commissions and policies aimed at social justice and affirmative action.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The Netter Commission is not related to backward classes and was not the first Backward Community Commission.
Option B: The Mandal Commission was established in 1979, making it a later commission compared to the Kaka Kalelkar Commission.
Option C: The Kothari Commission was related to education and not backward classes.
Option D: The Kaka Kalelkar Commission was the first Backward Community Commission, established in 1953.

Mnemonic: Kaka Kalelkar, 1953, First Backward Commission

24. Car ownership would count as which type of wealth?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Physical wealth.

Exam Relevance: Economics exams, Finance exams, Personal Finance exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Physical wealth refers to tangible assets that have value and can be owned, such as cars, jewelry, and furniture.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse physical wealth with financial wealth, which includes assets like stocks, bonds, and savings accounts.

Explanations: Car ownership is considered physical wealth because a car is a tangible asset that has value and can be owned. It is not a financial asset like stocks or bonds, nor is it a form of property wealth like real estate. It also does not fall under private pension wealth, which typically refers to retirement savings and benefits.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Private pension wealth refers to retirement savings and benefits, not tangible assets like cars.
Option B: Property wealth typically refers to real estate, not personal vehicles.
Option C: Financial wealth includes assets like stocks, bonds, and savings accounts, not tangible items like cars.
Option D: Physical wealth includes tangible assets like cars, making this the correct choice.

Mnemonic: Cars are physical, not financial.

25. Secondary deviance does not occur unless people.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Accept the deviant labels and maintain the behavior in question.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Criminology exams, Social Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Secondary deviance occurs when individuals internalize a deviant identity and continue to engage in deviant behavior.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse secondary deviance with primary deviance, which is the initial act of deviance before societal reaction.

Explanations: Secondary deviance is a process where individuals accept the deviant label imposed by society and continue to engage in deviant behavior. This acceptance reinforces the deviant identity, leading to a cycle of deviance. The correct answer is that secondary deviance does not occur unless people accept the deviant labels and maintain the behavior in question.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Rejecting deviant labels does not lead to secondary deviance as it does not involve internalizing the deviant identity.
Option B: Accepting deviant labels but eliminating the behavior does not result in secondary deviance as the behavior is no longer maintained.
Option C: Rejecting deviant labels but maintaining the behavior does not lead to secondary deviance as the deviant identity is not internalized.
Option D: Accepting deviant labels and maintaining the behavior in question is the correct condition for secondary deviance to occur.

Mnemonic: Label, Act, Repeat (LAR)

26. Conflict between groups causes societies to be how they are

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Conflict Theory.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Conflict theory posits that societal structures are shaped by conflicts between different groups, often over resources and power.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse conflict theory with functionalism, which views society as a system of interdependent parts working together to maintain stability.

Explanations: Conflict theory suggests that societal structures and behaviors are influenced by the conflicts and power struggles between different groups. This theory emphasizes that these conflicts are a fundamental aspect of social life and shape the way societies are organized. Therefore, the correct answer is Conflict Theory.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Conflict Theory explains how societal structures are influenced by conflicts between groups.
Option B: Incorrect. Functionalism views society as a system of interdependent parts working together to maintain stability, not through conflict.
Option C: Incorrect. Symbolic Interactionism focuses on the symbols and meanings that individuals use to interact with each other, not on conflict between groups.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as Conflict Theory is the correct answer.

27. Sociologists use this term to distinguish how people relate to one another and influence each other's behavior:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Social interaction.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Social interaction refers to the ways in which individuals communicate and influence each other's behavior.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse social interaction with sociological imagination, which is a broader concept that involves understanding the relationship between individual experiences and larger social forces.

Explanations: Social interaction is the term sociologists use to describe how people relate to one another and influence each other's behavior. This concept is fundamental in understanding social dynamics and the formation of social structures. It encompasses various forms of communication and behavior that occur between individuals, such as verbal and non-verbal communication, cooperation, conflict, and the exchange of resources.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Social phenomena refer to observable social events or patterns, not the specific interactions between individuals.
Option B: Sociological imagination is a broader concept that involves understanding the relationship between individual experiences and larger social forces, not the specific interactions between individuals.
Option C: Social interaction is the correct term for how people relate to one another and influence each other's behavior.
Option D: Symbolic interaction is a theory that focuses on how individuals interpret symbols and meanings in social interactions, but it is not the general term for social interactions.

28. The ability to look beyond individuals as the only cause of success and failure in society.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Sociological perspective.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, Sociology 101, Social Science Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The sociological perspective involves understanding social phenomena by examining the broader social structures and contexts that influence individual behavior and societal outcomes.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the sociological perspective with other sociological theories such as functionalism, conflict theory, or symbolic interactionism, which focus on different aspects of social life.

Explanations: The sociological perspective emphasizes the importance of looking beyond individual actions and attributes to understand the larger social forces that shape success and failure in society. This approach recognizes that societal structures, institutions, and cultural norms play a significant role in determining individual outcomes. Therefore, the sociological perspective is the correct answer as it aligns with the ability to consider broader social factors.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The sociological perspective involves examining the broader social context and structures that influence individual outcomes.
Option B: Incorrect. Functionalism focuses on how different parts of society work together to maintain stability, not on broader social factors influencing individual success and failure.
Option C: Incorrect. Conflict theory emphasizes the struggle between different social groups, but does not specifically address the broader social context influencing individual outcomes.
Option D: Incorrect. Symbolic interactionism focuses on the meanings individuals attach to their interactions, rather than broader social structures.

Mnemonic: Sociology: Society's Structure Shapes Success

29. According to Gordon Allport's theory of contact.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Equal status between groups leads to reduced competition.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, GRE Psychology, Sociology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Gordon Allport's theory of contact suggests that equal status between groups can reduce prejudice by minimizing competition and fostering positive interactions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the concept with other theories that focus on power dynamics or unequal status as the primary source of prejudice.

Explanations: According to Gordon Allport's theory of contact, equal status between groups reduces competition and fosters positive interactions, which in turn can lead to reduced prejudice. This is because when groups are on equal footing, they are less likely to view each other as threats or competitors, thereby promoting more harmonious and cooperative relationships.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Unequal status between groups does not reduce prejudice; it often exacerbates it by creating power imbalances and competition.
Option B: Equal status between groups leads to reduced competition, which aligns with Allport's theory of contact.
Option C: This statement is not supported by Allport's theory and is a specific claim about social dynamics that is not universally true.
Option D: Equal status between groups does not increase prejudice; it is designed to reduce it by minimizing competition and fostering positive interactions.

Mnemonic: Equal status, less fight, more right.

30. People who share a social characteristic.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Category.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A category refers to a collection of individuals or items that share a common characteristic or attribute.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse a category with a group, which implies a more structured and interactive association.

Explanations: A category is defined by a shared social characteristic, such as age, gender, or occupation. Unlike a group, which involves interaction and shared activities, a category is a more abstract classification based solely on a common attribute. This makes "Category" the correct answer as it accurately describes people who share a social characteristic without implying any form of interaction or organization.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A group implies a more structured and interactive association, which is not necessarily implied by sharing a social characteristic.
Option B: An aggregate is a collection of individuals or items that do not necessarily share a common characteristic or interact with each other.
Option C: A category is a collection of individuals or items that share a common characteristic, fitting the description of people who share a social characteristic.
Option D: An organization implies a formal structure and purpose, which is not implied by sharing a social characteristic.

Mnemonic: Categorize Common Characteristics

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 3”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 3”

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