sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

391. This class makes up about 5 percent of the overall population and consists of families who make over $ 187,000 a year.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Upper class.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The upper class typically includes the wealthiest segment of society, often defined by high income levels and significant wealth.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the upper class with the middle class, which generally has a lower income threshold.

Explanations: The upper class is characterized by families with very high incomes, often exceeding $187,000 per year. This class makes up a small percentage of the population, approximately 5 percent, and is distinguished by their significant financial resources and wealth.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The lower class typically has much lower income levels and does not fit the description of families making over $187,000 a year.
Option B: The middle class generally has a lower income threshold, typically below $187,000 a year, and a larger population percentage.
Option C: The upper class is defined by high income levels and a small population percentage, fitting the description of families making over $187,000 a year and comprising about 5 percent of the population.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the description clearly fits the upper class.

392. Man in the household has authority

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Patriarchy.

Exam Relevance: AP World History, AP Psychology, Sociology Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Patriarchy is a social system where men hold primary power and predominate in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse patriarchy with other social structures like matriarchy or matrilineal societies, where women hold primary power or lineage is traced through the mother's side.

Explanations: In a patriarchal system, men are typically seen as the heads of households and have authority over other family members. This aligns with the statement that the man in the household has authority.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Patriarchy is the correct term for a system where men have authority in the household.
Option B: Matriarchy is a system where women hold primary power, which contradicts the statement.
Option C: Matrilineal refers to tracing lineage through the mother's side, not necessarily about authority.
Option D: Patrilineal refers to tracing lineage through the father's side, not necessarily about authority.

Mnemonic: P for Patriarchy, Power in the hands of men.

393. Isolated children require ..... to develop.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Language.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Language is crucial for the cognitive and social development of children.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that siblings or parents are the primary requirement for development, overlooking the fundamental role of language.

Explanations: Language is essential for cognitive development, including the ability to think, reason, and understand the world. It also plays a critical role in social development, enabling communication and interaction with others. Without language, isolated children would struggle to develop these fundamental skills.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Parents are important for emotional and physical care, but language is more critical for cognitive and social development.
Option B: Siblings can provide social interaction, but language is more fundamental for development.
Option C: Solitary time is not a requirement for development; in fact, it can hinder social and cognitive growth.
Option D: Language is essential for cognitive and social development, making it the correct answer.

394. Supporters of sustainable development are arguing for.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Growth that minimises resource depletion and pollution.

Exam Relevance: Environmental Science, Sustainability Studies, Development Economics

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Sustainable development focuses on balancing economic growth with environmental protection and social equity.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse sustainable development with solely economic growth or development aid to the Third World.

Explanations: Supporters of sustainable development advocate for economic growth that does not compromise the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This means minimizing the depletion of natural resources and reducing pollution to ensure long-term environmental sustainability.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option focuses only on economic growth, which is not the primary goal of sustainable development.
Option B: While development aid to the Third World is important, it is not the core principle of sustainable development.
Option C: This option correctly reflects the core principle of sustainable development, which is to promote growth that minimizes resource depletion and pollution.
Option D: This option suggests reducing resources for economic growth, which is not aligned with the goals of sustainable development.

395. Which of the following is true regarding U.S. socialization of recent high school graduates?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) They are expected to enter college, trade school, or the workforce shortly after graduation.

Exam Relevance: AP U.S. History, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In the United States, it is common for high school graduates to pursue further education or enter the workforce shortly after completing high school.

Common Mistakes: Students might mistakenly believe that taking a year off or moving away from parents is a societal expectation.

Explanations: In U.S. culture, there is a strong emphasis on continuing education or entering the workforce immediately after high school. This reflects societal expectations and the belief that further education or job training can lead to better career opportunities. While some students may choose to take a gap year or serve in the military, these are not societal expectations but rather individual choices.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Taking a year off is not a societal expectation, though it is an option for some students.
Option B: Military service is not a requirement for high school graduates.
Option C: Entering college, trade school, or the workforce is the societal expectation.
Option D: Moving away from parents is not a requirement or societal expectation.

396. Who described the New Age Movement as an 'alternative counter-cultural movement'?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Paul Heelas.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Religious Studies exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Paul Heelas is known for his sociological studies on the New Age Movement, describing it as an 'alternative counter-cultural movement'.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Paul Heelas with other sociologists who have also studied the New Age Movement, such as Roy Wallis.

Explanations: Paul Heelas, a sociologist, has extensively studied the New Age Movement and characterized it as an 'alternative counter-cultural movement'. This description reflects his analysis of the movement's role as a response to mainstream cultural and religious practices, emphasizing its alternative and countercultural nature.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Roy Wallis did study the New Age Movement but did not describe it as an 'alternative counter-cultural movement'.
Option B: Emile Durkheim's work was primarily focused on the sociology of religion and did not specifically address the New Age Movement.
Option C: Paul Heelas is the correct choice as he described the New Age Movement as an 'alternative counter-cultural movement'.
Option D: Howard Becker is known for his work in symbolic interactionism and did not describe the New Age Movement in this context.

397. Who, among the following is the founder of 'functionalism' in Sociology?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Emile Durkheim.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Functionalism in sociology is a theoretical framework that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. Emile Durkheim is credited with founding this perspective.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Emile Durkheim with other sociologists such as Max Weber or Karl Marx, who are also influential but associated with different theoretical perspectives.

Explanations: Emile Durkheim is recognized as the founder of functionalism in sociology. He introduced the idea that society functions as a whole, with each part contributing to the stability and cohesion of the entire system. His work emphasized the importance of social facts and the role of institutions in maintaining social order.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Max Weber is known for his contributions to the understanding of social action and rationalization, not functionalism.
Option B: Auguste Comte is considered the father of sociology but is associated with positivism, not functionalism.
Option C: Emile Durkheim is the correct answer as he is the founder of functionalism in sociology.
Option D: Karl Marx is known for his theory of historical materialism and conflict theory, not functionalism.

Mnemonic: D for Durkheim, D for Durability (of social structures)

398. Select all items that are included in cultural indicators.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of the above.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Development Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Cultural indicators encompass various aspects of a society's development and well-being, including access to basic services, educational opportunities, and levels of adult literacy.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the comprehensive nature of cultural indicators and focus only on one or two aspects, missing the holistic view.

Explanations: Cultural indicators are broad and include multiple dimensions of societal well-being. Access to basic services such as shelter, clean water, and electricity is crucial for a functioning society. Educational opportunities are essential for personal and societal development. Levels of adult literacy reflect the educational attainment and overall knowledge base of a population. Therefore, all these factors are included in cultural indicators.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Access to basic services such as shelter, clean water, and electricity is a key component of cultural indicators.
Option B: Educational opportunities are a critical aspect of cultural indicators.
Option C: Levels of adult literacy are also included in cultural indicators.
Option D: Since all the above options are correct, the correct answer is "All of the above."

399. .....refers to group leadership that highlights collective well-being.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Expressive leadership.

Exam Relevance: Organizational Behavior, Leadership Studies, Psychology Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Expressive leadership focuses on the emotional and social aspects of group dynamics, emphasizing the well-being and cohesion of the group.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse expressive leadership with instrumental leadership, which focuses more on task accomplishment rather than group well-being.

Explanations: Expressive leadership is characterized by a focus on the emotional and social well-being of the group. This type of leadership aims to maintain harmony, foster positive relationships, and ensure that the group's emotional needs are met. It is distinct from other leadership styles such as democratic or authoritarian leadership, which may prioritize decision-making processes or task completion over collective well-being.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Democratic leadership involves group participation in decision-making, but does not specifically highlight collective well-being.
Option B: Authoritarian leadership is characterized by a top-down approach and strict control, which does not emphasize collective well-being.
Option C: Expressive leadership focuses on the emotional and social well-being of the group, making it the correct choice.
Option D: Instrumental leadership emphasizes task accomplishment and efficiency, rather than collective well-being.

Mnemonic: E for Emotional, Expressive, and Empathy.

400. Which of the following best describes the relationship between in-groups and out-groups?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) You can't have one without the other.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, GRE Psychology, MCAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In-group and out-group dynamics are interdependent. The concept of an in-group is defined in contrast to an out-group, and vice versa.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that in-groups and out-groups can exist independently of each other, without recognizing the relational nature of these concepts.

Explanations: The concept of an in-group refers to a group to which an individual feels they belong, while an out-group is a group to which an individual does not feel they belong. These definitions are inherently relational; the existence of an in-group presupposes the existence of an out-group, and vice versa. Therefore, the relationship between in-groups and out-groups is such that one cannot exist without the other.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option correctly identifies the interdependent nature of in-groups and out-groups.
Option B: This option is incorrect because the existence of in-groups and out-groups is not independent.
Option C: This option is incorrect because the relationship between in-groups and out-groups is not necessarily harmonious.
Option D: This option is incorrect because the boundary between in-groups and out-groups is generally clear and defined.

⬅ Previous SetSet 40Next Set ➡

3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 40”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

It is the best app in the world …..but sir hindi medium walo ke liye problem hai…..gyan ke mamle me ye ganga ki tarh hai
ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

send me sociology mcq pdf
SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

Please send sociology mcq e book,,,, thank you,,,

3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 40”

Leave a Reply