sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

701. Social stratification persists over .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Generations.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Social stratification refers to the hierarchical arrangement of individuals or groups within a society based on factors such as wealth, power, and status. This system tends to persist over time, often spanning multiple generations.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse social stratification with other social structures or may not understand the long-term persistence of stratification.

Explanations: Social stratification persists over generations because the social and economic positions of individuals are often inherited or passed down through families. This continuity ensures that the hierarchical structure remains stable over time, affecting the opportunities and life chances of individuals across multiple generations.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Social stratification persists over generations due to the inheritance of social and economic positions.
Option B: Incorrect. "Millennials" refers to a specific generation and does not capture the long-term persistence of social stratification.
Option C: Incorrect. "Hierarchy" describes the structure of social stratification but does not address its persistence over time.
Option D: Incorrect. "Communities" refers to groups of people but does not explain the long-term persistence of social stratification.

702. Which of the following is an example of a common American personality trait?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Individuality.

Exam Relevance: AP US History, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: American culture often emphasizes individuality, which is the quality of being unique or independent.

Common Mistakes: Students might confuse individuality with unity, thinking that American culture values collective identity more than personal uniqueness.

Explanations: American culture places a high value on individuality, which is the belief in the importance of personal freedom and uniqueness. This trait is reflected in various aspects of American society, such as the emphasis on personal achievement, self-expression, and the pursuit of individual goals.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Unity is not a primary trait emphasized in American culture, which tends to focus more on individualism.
Option B: Individuality is a core value in American culture, emphasizing personal freedom and uniqueness.
Option C: Calm is not a defining trait of American culture, which is often characterized by dynamism and activity.
Option D: Openness is a trait, but it is not as commonly associated with American culture as individuality.

703. A "positive" theory is one that's

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Objective and fact-based.

Exam Relevance: Economics exams, Social Science exams, Political Science exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A "positive" theory in social sciences and economics refers to a theory that is based on objective facts and empirical evidence, rather than subjective values or opinions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse "positive" theories with normative theories, which are subjective and value-based.

Explanations: A positive theory is objective and fact-based because it aims to describe and explain phenomena as they are, without making value judgments. It relies on empirical data and observable facts to build and test hypotheses. This aligns with the claimed correct answer, as positive theories are grounded in objective reality and empirical evidence.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Positive theories are objective and fact-based.
Option B: Incorrect. "Hear say" implies subjective and unverified information, which is not characteristic of positive theories.
Option C: Incorrect. Subjective and value-based theories are normative, not positive.
Option D: Incorrect. Subjective theories do not align with the objective nature of positive theories.

704. In sociological terms Which of the following constitute group?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Members of a hospital's business office.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Psychology exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In sociology, a group is defined as a collection of individuals who interact with one another, share common goals, and have a sense of belonging. The members of a hospital's business office meet these criteria as they regularly interact, work towards common objectives, and have a shared identity within the organization.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse a group with a category or a collection of individuals who do not necessarily interact or share common goals.

Explanations: The members of a hospital's business office constitute a group because they regularly interact with each other, share common goals related to the hospital's business operations, and have a sense of belonging within the office. The other options do not meet the criteria for a sociological group as they do not necessarily involve regular interaction or shared goals.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Members of a hospital's business office regularly interact and share common goals, fitting the sociological definition of a group.
Option B: All residents of the city of Lahore do not necessarily interact or share common goals, thus do not form a sociological group.
Option C: Women in Pakistan over 50 years old do not necessarily interact or share common goals, thus do not form a sociological group.
Option D: Since not all options constitute a sociological group, this option is incorrect.

705. According to sociologists marriage in our society is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Dyadic.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Sociologists define marriage as a dyadic relationship, meaning it involves two individuals.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse dyadic with other relationship types, such as triadic or polyadic.

Explanations: Marriage is considered dyadic because it is a social institution that involves a relationship between two individuals. This dyadic nature is a fundamental aspect of how sociologists conceptualize marriage in our society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Important - While marriage is important, this does not describe its sociological structure.
Option B: Dyadic - Correct, as marriage involves a relationship between two individuals.
Option C: Mutually understanding - This describes an ideal state of marriage but not its sociological definition.
Option D: Sexual relation - While sexual relations can be part of marriage, this does not define its sociological structure.

Mnemonic: Dyad: Two, Dyadic: Two people.

706. In America, the social class that is made up of families who own large amounts of property, from which they derive a great deal of authority

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Upper class.

Exam Relevance: AP US History, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The upper class in America typically consists of families who own large amounts of property and derive significant authority and influence from their wealth.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the upper class with the middle class, which generally includes professionals and managers with higher incomes but not necessarily large property ownership.

Explanations: The upper class is defined by significant property ownership and the resulting economic and social influence. This aligns with the description of families who own large amounts of property and derive a great deal of authority from it.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The upper class is characterized by large property ownership and significant authority.
Option B: Incorrect. The lower class typically has limited property ownership and less authority.
Option C: Incorrect. The working class generally includes individuals who work for wages and do not own large amounts of property.
Option D: Incorrect. The middle class includes professionals and managers with higher incomes but not necessarily large property ownership.

707. What was Benjamin's conclusion in her study?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Despite improved social standing of African Americans in the USA, they still feel the sting of racial hostility.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Psychology exams, Race and Ethnicity exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The study by Benjamin highlights the persistent experience of racial hostility among African Americans, even as their social standing improves.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that improved social standing would eliminate feelings of racial hostility.

Explanations: Benjamin's study found that despite advancements in social standing, African Americans continue to experience racial hostility. This indicates that social progress does not necessarily eradicate the perception of racial inequality and hostility.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because the study does not conclude that African Americans do not feel racial hostility.
Option B: This option is incorrect because the study does not suggest that improved social standing leads to a reduction in feelings of racial inequality.
Option C: This option is correct as it accurately reflects the conclusion of Benjamin's study that racial hostility persists despite social advancements.
Option D: This option is incorrect because the correct conclusion is provided in option C.

708. Which of the following about socialism is true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) The main goal of socialism is not the individual pursuit of profit but rather work for the collective good.

Exam Relevance: AP Economics, IB Economics, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Socialism is an economic system where the means of production are owned collectively or by the state, aiming to benefit the community as a whole rather than individuals.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse socialism with capitalism, where the primary goal is individual profit.

Explanations: Socialism emphasizes collective ownership and the goal of benefiting the community as a whole, rather than individual profit. This aligns with the idea that work is done for the collective good, not just for personal gain.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Socialism focuses on collective good over individual profit.
Option B: Incorrect. Socialism involves collective or state ownership, not private ownership.
Option C: Incorrect. Socialism does not necessarily produce greater economic growth or productivity compared to capitalism.
Option D: Incorrect. The term "socialist capitalism" is not a standard economic term and does not accurately describe a combination of socialism and capitalism.

709. Founder of political / economic theory of socialism (communism)

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Karl Marx.

Exam Relevance: Political Science, Sociology, History

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Karl Marx is widely recognized as the founder of the political and economic theory of socialism and communism.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Karl Marx with other sociologists or philosophers who contributed to social theory but did not specifically found socialism or communism.

Explanations: Karl Marx, along with Friedrich Engels, developed the theory of scientific socialism, which later evolved into communism. Their works, such as "The Communist Manifesto," laid the foundational principles of socialism and communism, making Marx the primary figure associated with these theories.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Karl Marx is the correct answer as he is the founder of the political and economic theory of socialism and communism.
Option B: Wright Mills is known for his work in sociology, particularly in the area of power structures and the sociological imagination, not socialism or communism.
Option C: Erving Goffman is recognized for his contributions to symbolic interactionism and the dramaturgical approach in sociology, not socialism or communism.
Option D: Lawrence Kohlberg is known for his theory of moral development, not socialism or communism.

710. Which social group does the term below belongs to?classmates in Grade 11

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Secondary.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, IB Psychology, A-Level Sociology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Social groups can be categorized into primary, secondary, and reference groups. Secondary groups are those in which individuals interact primarily for specific goals or tasks, such as classmates in a particular grade.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse secondary groups with primary groups, which are characterized by close, personal relationships.

Explanations: Classmates in Grade 11 interact primarily for the purpose of education and learning, which aligns with the definition of a secondary group. These interactions are goal-oriented and not based on close, personal relationships, distinguishing them from primary groups.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Primary groups are characterized by close, personal relationships, which do not apply to classmates in Grade 11.
Option B: Secondary groups are defined by interactions for specific goals or tasks, fitting the context of classmates in Grade 11.
Option C: Reference groups are those to which individuals compare themselves but do not necessarily interact with directly, which does not fit the context of classmates in Grade 11.
Option D: This option is incorrect as classmates in Grade 11 clearly fit into the category of secondary groups.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 71”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 71”

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