Computer networking MCQ

1011. What uses a physical star topology?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) 10 base T.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, Network+, CompTIA A+

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: 10 Base T uses a physical star topology where each device is connected to a central hub or switch.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse 10 Base T with other Ethernet standards like 10 Base 2 or 10 Base 5, which use different topologies.

Explanations: 10 Base T uses a physical star topology. In this configuration, each device is connected to a central hub or switch via twisted pair cables. This topology allows for easy troubleshooting and expansion of the network. The central hub or switch acts as a central point for all connections, ensuring that data can be efficiently routed between devices.

Option Analysis:

Option A: 10 Base 5 uses a physical bus topology, not a star topology.
Option B: 10 Base 2 also uses a physical bus topology, not a star topology.
Option C: 10 Base T uses a physical star topology, making it the correct answer.
Option D: This option is incorrect as 10 Base T is the correct answer.

1012. Which one of the following statements is NOT correct about HTTP cookies?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) A cookies is a piece of code that has the potential to compromise the security of an Internet user.

Exam Relevance: CISSP, CompTIA Security+, OSCP

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Cookies are small pieces of data, not code, stored on a user's device by a web server. They are used to remember user preferences, login status, and other information.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that cookies are executable code, which can lead to confusion about their security implications.

Explanations: Cookies are not pieces of code but rather small data files that are stored on a user's device. They do not have the capability to execute code or directly compromise security. However, they can be used in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to track user behavior or steal sensitive information. Therefore, the statement that cookies are pieces of code with the potential to compromise security is incorrect.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect. Cookies are not pieces of code but data files.
Option B: Correct. Cookies are sent to the user's device through HTTP headers.
Option C: Correct. Cookies can have an expiry date and time.
Option D: Correct. Cookies can be used to track user behavior on a website.

Mnemonic: Cookies = Data, not Code

1013. In classful addressing, a large part of available addresses are

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Wasted.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, Network+, CompTIA Security+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In classful addressing, IP addresses are divided into fixed-size blocks, which can lead to inefficiencies in address allocation.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse classful addressing with classless addressing, where subnetting can be more flexible and efficient.

Explanations: Classful addressing divides IP addresses into fixed-size blocks (A, B, C, D, E). This system can lead to significant wastage of addresses because it does not allow for flexible allocation. For example, a Class A address block can accommodate over 16 million addresses, which is often more than needed for most organizations, leading to a large number of unused addresses.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Organized. This is incorrect because classful addressing does not necessarily imply efficient organization of addresses.
Option B: Blocked. This is incorrect because "blocked" does not accurately describe the inefficiency in address allocation.
Option C: Wasted. This is correct because classful addressing often results in a large number of unused addresses due to fixed-size blocks.
Option D: Communicated. This is incorrect because "communicated" does not relate to the inefficiency in address allocation.

1014. Which are considered the methods of NAT? 1. Static 2. IP NAT pool 3. Dynamic 4. NAT double-translation 5. Overload

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) 1, 3 and 5.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CISSP, CompTIA Network+

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Network Address Translation (NAT) methods include static, dynamic, and overload. These methods are used to manage the translation of IP addresses between private and public networks.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the different types of NAT methods or overlook the specific terms used for each method.

Explanations: Static NAT involves a one-to-one mapping between internal and external IP addresses. Dynamic NAT assigns an IP address from a pool of addresses to an internal device. Overload NAT, also known as PAT (Port Address Translation), allows multiple internal devices to share a single public IP address. These methods are commonly used in network configurations. The other options, such as IP NAT pool and NAT double-translation, are not considered primary NAT methods.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because it includes option 6, which is not listed in the question.
Option B: Incorrect because it only includes dynamic NAT, missing static and overload NAT.
Option C: Correct because it includes static, dynamic, and overload NAT, which are valid NAT methods.
Option D: Incorrect because it includes all options, which are not all valid NAT methods.

Mnemonic: SODA: Static, Overload, Dynamic, Address

1015. Twisted pair cable consists of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) 2 conductors.

Exam Relevance: IT Essentials, CompTIA A+, Network+

Difficulty: Very Easy

Concept notes: Twisted pair cable is a type of cable that consists of two insulated conductors twisted together.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse twisted pair cable with coaxial cable, which has a single central conductor.

Explanations: Twisted pair cable is designed with two conductors twisted around each other to reduce electromagnetic interference and crosstalk. This configuration helps in maintaining signal integrity over the cable.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, as twisted pair cable always contains conductors.
Option B: Incorrect, as twisted pair cable requires two conductors for its function.
Option C: Correct, as twisted pair cable consists of two conductors twisted together.
Option D: Incorrect, as twisted pair cable does not have an arbitrary number of conductors.

Mnemonic: Think "Twist Two" for twisted pair.

1016. The field used to detect errors over the entire user datagram is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Checksum.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, Data Communications, Network Security

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The checksum field in the UDP header is used to detect errors in the entire user datagram, including both the header and the data.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that the UDP header itself is used to detect errors, rather than the specific checksum field within it.

Explanations: The checksum field in the UDP header is designed to detect errors in the entire user datagram. It is calculated over the entire datagram, including both the header and the data. This ensures that any corruption or errors in the datagram can be detected by comparing the calculated checksum with the one received.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The UDP header contains various fields, but it is not the entire header that is used to detect errors. The specific checksum field within the header is used for this purpose.
Option B: The checksum field is used to detect errors in the entire user datagram, making it the correct answer.
Option C: The source port is used to identify the sending application and is not related to error detection.
Option D: The destination port is used to identify the receiving application and is not related to error detection.

Mnemonic: Checksum, Check, Sum, Detect Errors

1017. Routing between autonomous systems is known as

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Exterior routing.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CCNP, CISSP

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Exterior routing refers to the process of exchanging routing information between different autonomous systems (ASes).

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse exterior routing with interior routing, which is the process of exchanging routing information within a single autonomous system.

Explanations: Routing between autonomous systems is known as exterior routing. This is because it involves the exchange of routing information between different ASes, which are distinct administrative domains. Interior routing, on the other hand, deals with routing within a single AS. Link state and distance vector are types of routing protocols used for interior routing, not for routing between ASes.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Interior routing is incorrect because it refers to routing within a single autonomous system, not between different ASes.
Option B: Link state is incorrect because it is a type of interior routing protocol, not a method for routing between ASes.
Option C: Exterior routing is correct because it specifically refers to the exchange of routing information between different autonomous systems.
Option D: Distance vector is incorrect because it is a type of interior routing protocol, not a method for routing between ASes.

Mnemonic: E for Exterior, E for External ASes.

1018. If the route from I to J is computed in advance, off line, and downloaded to the routers when the network is booted is called as.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Static routing.

Exam Relevance: CCNA, CompTIA Network+, CISSP

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Static routing involves manually configuring routes in a network, which are then stored in the routing table of each router.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse static routing with dynamic routing, where routes are automatically updated based on network conditions.

Explanations: Static routing is the correct answer because it involves pre-computing routes off-line and manually configuring them in the routers. This contrasts with dynamic routing, where routes are determined and updated automatically by the routers themselves based on network conditions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Dynamic routing involves automatic route updates, which is not the case here.
Option B: Session routing is not a standard term in networking and does not apply to pre-computed routes.
Option C: Temporary routing implies routes that are not permanent, which does not align with the pre-computed and stored nature of the routes described.
Option D: Static routing involves manually configured routes that are stored in the routing table, matching the description given.

1019. What is the maximum size of data that the application layer can pass on to the TCP layer below?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Any size.

Exam Relevance: Computer Networks, CCNA, CISSP

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) does not impose a fixed maximum size on the data it can receive from the application layer. The size of the data segment is determined by the application layer and can be of any size.

Common Mistakes: Students often mistakenly believe that TCP has a fixed maximum segment size, similar to the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of a network layer.

Explanations: TCP segments can be of any size as determined by the application layer. The TCP protocol itself does not enforce a maximum size limit on the data it can receive from the application layer. The application layer can pass data of any size to the TCP layer, which will then segment the data as necessary for transmission over the network.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. TCP does not impose a fixed maximum size on the data it can receive from the application layer.
Option B: Incorrect. This option suggests a fixed size limit based on the TCP header, which is not accurate.
Option C: Incorrect. This option suggests a fixed size limit of 256 bytes, which is not accurate.
Option D: Incorrect. This option suggests a fixed size limit of 1500 bytes, which is not accurate.

1020. UTP is commonly used in

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) DSL.

Exam Relevance: Networking exams, Computer Science exams, Telecommunications exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) is commonly used in DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) technology for transmitting digital data over telephone lines.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse UTP with other types of cables used in different network technologies, such as fiber optics in FTTP (Fiber to the Premises).

Explanations: DSL technology uses UTP cables to transmit data over existing telephone lines. UTP cables are cost-effective and widely deployed for this purpose. They are designed to reduce electromagnetic interference and are suitable for the frequency ranges used in DSL.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. UTP is commonly used in DSL for data transmission over telephone lines.
Option B: Incorrect. FTTP (Fiber to the Premises) uses fiber optic cables, not UTP.
Option C: Incorrect. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used for transmitting web pages, not a type of cable.
Option D: Incorrect. UTP is indeed used in DSL, so this option is not correct.

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Computer networking MCQ - Set 102

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