General knowledge MCQ – Change your future

121. What's the main ideal for Zoroastrianism [Andhra Pradesh PSC Examination-1982]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Good vs. Evil.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, PSC, Civil Services

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Zoroastrianism is an ancient religion that emphasizes the struggle between good and evil.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Zoroastrianism with other religions that have different core ideals.

Explanations: Zoroastrianism is centered around the concept of a cosmic struggle between the forces of good, represented by Ahura Mazda, and the forces of evil, represented by Angra Mainyu. This dualistic worldview is a fundamental aspect of the religion, making "Good vs. Evil" the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option refers to a philosophy of making the most of one's life, which is not a core tenet of Zoroastrianism.
Option B: This option correctly identifies the central theme of Zoroastrianism, which is the eternal struggle between good and evil.
Option C: This option reflects a core belief in Buddhism, not Zoroastrianism.
Option D: This option describes a concept in Buddhism, specifically the path to Nirvana, which is not related to Zoroastrianism.

Mnemonic: Good Mazda, Evil Mainyu

122. Which Indian Prime Minister was born on November 19, 1917? [General Knowledge for SBI PO and SBI Clerk Examination-1996]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Indira Gandhi.

Exam Relevance: SBI PO, SBI Clerk, UPSC, SSC

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Indira Gandhi was the first and, to date, the only female Prime Minister of India. She was born on November 19, 1917.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the birth dates of different Indian Prime Ministers or may not be familiar with the exact birth date of Indira Gandhi.

Explanations: Indira Gandhi, born on November 19, 1917, was a significant political figure in India. She served as the Prime Minister of India from 1966 to 1977 and again from 1980 until her assassination in 1984. Her birth date is a notable piece of information in Indian history and is often tested in competitive exams.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Rajiv Gandhi was born on August 20, 1944.
Option B: Morarji Desai was born on February 29, 1896.
Option C: Charan Gandhi is not a known Indian Prime Minister.
Option D: Indira Gandhi was born on November 19, 1917.

Mnemonic: Indira, November Nineteen, Nineteen Seventeen.

123. Which one of the following is not a feature of North Indian temple architecture? [RPSC Examination-1980]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Gopura.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, State PSC, Civil Services

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: North Indian temple architecture is characterized by specific features that distinguish it from South Indian temple architecture.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the features of North Indian and South Indian temple architecture, leading to errors in identifying the correct answer.

Explanations: North Indian temple architecture typically includes features such as the Sikhara (a tower over the sanctum), the Garbha Griha (the inner sanctum), and the Pradakshina (a circumambulatory path around the sanctum). The Gopura, which is a large towered gateway, is a prominent feature of South Indian temple architecture, not North Indian. Therefore, the Gopura is not a feature of North Indian temple architecture.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Sikhara is a feature of North Indian temple architecture.
Option B: Garbha Griha is a feature of North Indian temple architecture.
Option C: Gopura is not a feature of North Indian temple architecture.
Option D: Pradakshina is a feature of North Indian temple architecture.

Mnemonic: S-G-P: Sikhara, Garbha Griha, Pradakshina (North Indian features)

124. Objects made by humans with cultural significance [Defence s Examination-1982]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Artifacts.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, Civil Services

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Artifacts are objects made by humans that have cultural significance. They can include tools, art, clothing, and other items that provide insight into past human societies and cultures.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse artifacts with natural resources or capital resources, which do not necessarily have cultural significance.

Explanations: Artifacts are defined as objects created by humans that have cultural significance. This includes items such as tools, pottery, and art that provide insight into past human societies and cultures. The term "artifacts" specifically refers to human-made objects with cultural value, making it the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Natural resources are materials or substances occurring in nature that can be used for economic gain. They do not have cultural significance in the context of human-made objects.
Option B: Capital resources are assets used to produce goods and services, such as machinery or buildings. While they are human-made, they do not necessarily have cultural significance.
Option C: Culture refers to the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group. While culture encompasses artifacts, the term itself does not specifically refer to human-made objects with cultural significance.
Option D: Artifacts are objects made by humans that have cultural significance, fitting the description in the question.

Mnemonic: A: Artifacts Are Things Humans Made, Important.

125. In January 2018, which Indian State allowed people to establish a humanitarian relationship with trees, i.e., brother-sister? [General Knowledge for NICL AO Examination-2006]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Sikkim.

Exam Relevance: NICL AO, UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In January 2018, Sikkim became the first state in India to allow people to establish a humanitarian relationship with trees, recognizing them as brothers and sisters.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse this with other environmental initiatives in different states or may not be aware of the specific state that implemented this policy.

Explanations: Sikkim implemented a policy in January 2018 that recognized trees as brothers and sisters, allowing people to establish a humanitarian relationship with them. This policy was part of Sikkim's broader environmental conservation efforts.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Assam did not implement this specific policy in January 2018.
Option B: Sikkim correctly implemented the policy recognizing trees as brothers and sisters.
Option C: Nagaland did not implement this specific policy in January 2018.
Option D: Manipur did not implement this specific policy in January 2018.

Mnemonic: Sikkim Trees, Brothers and Sisters

126. Which article can be used by the President of India to declare financial emergency?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Article 360.

Exam Relevance: UPSC Civil Services, CLAT, SSC CGL

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Article 360 of the Indian Constitution allows the President to declare a financial emergency when the financial stability or credit of India or any part of its territory is threatened.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse Article 360 with other emergency provisions such as Article 352 (Proclamation of Emergency) or Article 356 (President's Rule).

Explanations: Article 360 of the Indian Constitution specifically deals with financial emergencies. When the President of India declares a financial emergency under this article, it allows the central government to take measures to ensure the financial stability of the country. This includes reducing the salaries and allowances of government officials, including judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts. The other articles mentioned (349, 32, and 365) do not pertain to financial emergencies.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Article 360 is the correct article for declaring a financial emergency.
Option B: Incorrect. Article 349 deals with the creation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries, or names of existing states.
Option C: Incorrect. Article 32 deals with the right to constitutional remedies.
Option D: Incorrect. Article 365 deals with the failure of constitutional machinery in states.

127. Many .....originate in the mountains. [CDS Examination-1987]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Rivers.

Exam Relevance: CDS, UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Rivers often originate in mountainous regions due to the presence of snow, glaciers, and high precipitation.

Common Mistakes: Students might confuse the origin of rivers with other geographical features or natural phenomena.

Explanations: Rivers typically begin in mountainous areas where there is a significant amount of precipitation, snowmelt, and glacial runoff. These sources provide the initial water flow that forms the headwaters of a river. As the water flows downhill, it gathers more water from tributaries and eventually forms a larger river system.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Rivers often originate in mountainous regions due to the presence of snow, glaciers, and high precipitation.
Option B: Incorrect. Animals do not originate in mountains; they can be found in various habitats.
Option C: Incorrect. Crops are cultivated in agricultural areas, not typically in mountains.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as rivers do originate in mountains.

128. Making profit by taking advantage of different prices prevailing in different markets is referred as [UPSC Examination-2005]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Arbitrage.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, CFA, FRM

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Arbitrage is the practice of taking advantage of a price difference between two or more markets.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse arbitrage with speculation, which involves taking on risk for potential profit.

Explanations: Arbitrage involves buying a financial instrument in one market and simultaneously selling it in another market to profit from the price difference. This practice is risk-free as it exploits the price discrepancy without taking on market risk.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Arbitrage is the act of taking advantage of price differences in different markets.
Option B: Incorrect. Hedging is a strategy to reduce risk, not to profit from price differences.
Option C: Incorrect. Gambling involves taking a risk for potential profit, but it is not related to price differences in different markets.
Option D: Incorrect. Speculation involves taking on risk for potential profit, but it is not the same as arbitrage.

Mnemonic: A for Arbitrage, Always Accurate.

129. What is common in AIDS, mumps and poliomyelitis? [General Knowledge for Goa PSC Examination-1989]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) These are caused by viruses.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, PSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: AIDS, mumps, and poliomyelitis are all viral diseases.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse viral diseases with bacterial infections or other types of pathogens.

Explanations: AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), mumps is caused by the mumps virus, and poliomyelitis is caused by the poliovirus. All three diseases are viral in nature, making the correct answer that they are caused by viruses.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Young children are more susceptible to mumps and poliomyelitis, but not necessarily to AIDS, which can affect individuals of all ages.
Option B: Effective vaccines exist for mumps and poliomyelitis, but not for AIDS, as of the time of this question.
Option C: This is the correct answer as all three diseases are caused by viruses.
Option D: AIDS can be transmitted through blood transfusions, but mumps and poliomyelitis are not typically transmitted this way.

Mnemonic: Viral trio: AIDS, mumps, polio.

130. Which American President was a famous film/T.V. star before he became the President? [Rajasthan Police Examination-2017]

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Ronald Regan.

Exam Relevance: Rajasthan Police Examination, UPSC, Civil Services Exam

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Ronald Reagan was a famous actor before he became the President of the United States.

Common Mistakes: Students might confuse Ronald Reagan with other presidents who had different backgrounds, such as military or political careers.

Explanations: Ronald Reagan, before entering politics, had a successful career in Hollywood as an actor. He starred in numerous films and television shows, making him a well-known public figure. This background in entertainment made him unique among U.S. presidents, as he was the only one to have been a famous film and television star before becoming president.

Option Analysis:

Option A: J.F. Kennedy was not a film or television star before becoming president. He was a military veteran and a politician.
Option B: Gerald R. Ford was not a film or television star before becoming president. He was a lawyer and a politician.
Option C: Richard Nixon was not a film or television star before becoming president. He was a lawyer and a politician.
Option D: Ronald Reagan was a famous actor before becoming president.

Mnemonic: R for Reagan, R for Reel (film)

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