sociology MCQ questions answers

1141. Talcott Parsons's structural functionalism attempted to tackle.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) The problem of social order.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Work exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Talcott Parsons's structural functionalism focuses on how societal structures maintain social order.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse structural functionalism with conflict theory, which focuses on class conflict rather than social order.

Explanations: Talcott Parsons's structural functionalism aimed to explain how different parts of society work together to maintain stability and order. This theory emphasizes the interdependence of social institutions and their roles in maintaining equilibrium within society. Therefore, the problem of social order is central to Parsons's structural functionalism.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Structural functionalism does not primarily address class conflict, which is more aligned with conflict theory.
Option B: Economic restructuring is not a primary focus of structural functionalism, which is more concerned with social stability and order.
Option C: Social welfare is not the main concern of structural functionalism; it focuses on the broader issue of social order.
Option D: Structural functionalism aims to explain how societal structures maintain social order, making this the correct answer.

1142. . Is a cognitive tool to understand society, institutions, and their impact on human behavior.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Sociology.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, GRE Subject Test in Sociology, Sociology entrance exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Sociology is the study of society, social behavior, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and culture. It provides a framework to understand how institutions and societal structures influence human behavior.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse sociology with anthropology, which focuses more on the study of human societies and cultures, including their development and evolution.

Explanations: Sociology is a cognitive tool that helps understand society, institutions, and their impact on human behavior. It examines social structures, institutions, and processes, providing insights into how these elements shape individual and collective behavior. Anthropology, while related, focuses more on cultural and societal evolution, making sociology the more appropriate choice for understanding the direct impact of institutions on behavior.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Sociology is the correct answer as it focuses on understanding society and institutions and their impact on human behavior.
Option B: Anthropology is incorrect as it primarily focuses on the study of human societies and cultures, including their development and evolution, rather than the direct impact of institutions on behavior.
Option C: This option is incorrect because only sociology is the correct cognitive tool for understanding the impact of institutions on human behavior.
Option D: This option is incorrect as sociology is indeed a cognitive tool for understanding society and institutions.

Mnemonic: Sociology: Society's Structure

1143. Focuses on how individuals interact with one another in society and with symbols.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Interactionist Theory.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Interactionist theory, also known as symbolic interactionism, focuses on the micro-level interactions between individuals and how these interactions shape society and the meanings of symbols.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Interactionist Theory with Conflict Theory, which focuses more on power dynamics and inequality rather than individual interactions.

Explanations: Interactionist theory emphasizes the role of symbols and meanings in social interactions. It examines how individuals interpret and respond to symbols, and how these interactions contribute to the formation of social norms and identities. This aligns with the focus on how individuals interact with one another and with symbols in society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Functionalist Theory focuses on how different parts of society work together to maintain stability and order, not on individual interactions.
Option B: Conflict Theory focuses on the struggle for power and resources between different groups in society, not on individual interactions and symbols.
Option C: Interactionist Theory focuses on the micro-level interactions between individuals and the meanings of symbols, which matches the question's focus.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect as Interactionist Theory is the correct answer.

1144. Which of the following statements about values is correct?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Values of a culture may change but most remain relatively stable during any one person's lifetime.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Values are the fundamental beliefs of a culture that guide behavior and attitudes. While they can evolve over time, significant changes are typically slow and gradual.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that values are either completely static or constantly in flux, overlooking the nuanced reality of cultural evolution.

Explanations: Values are the core beliefs that shape a culture's norms and behaviors. While they can change, such changes are usually slow and incremental. Most values remain relatively stable over the course of an individual's lifetime, reflecting the enduring nature of cultural foundations. This stability allows for continuity and predictability within a society, even as it adapts to new circumstances.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because values can and do change, although the process is typically slow.
Option B: This option correctly reflects the reality that while values can change, most remain relatively stable over time.
Option C: This option is incorrect because values are generally seen as relatively stable, not constantly changing.
Option D: This option is incorrect because not all of the statements are correct.

1145. What is the nonverbal language system using a series of recognizable gestures, facial expressions, and even eye contact called?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Kinesics Language.

Exam Relevance: Communication Studies, Psychology, Sociology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Kinesics is the study of nonverbal communication through body movements, gestures, and facial expressions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse kinesics with paralanguage, which involves nonverbal vocal cues like tone, pitch, and volume.

Explanations: Kinesics language involves the use of body movements, gestures, and facial expressions to convey meaning. It is a nonverbal system of communication that includes elements such as posture, eye contact, and hand movements. This makes it distinct from verbal and written language, which rely on spoken or written words, and paralanguage, which focuses on vocal cues.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Verbal Language involves spoken words and is not a nonverbal system.
Option B: Written Language involves written words and is not a nonverbal system.
Option C: Kinesics Language involves nonverbal communication through body movements, gestures, and facial expressions.
Option D: Paralanguage involves nonverbal vocal cues and is not the same as kinesics.

Mnemonic: Gestures, Eyes, Posture (GEP)

1146. Sociologists use ..... to analyze social interactions.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Microsociology.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Microsociology focuses on the analysis of social interactions at a micro level, examining how individuals interact with each other in small groups or face-to-face settings.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse microsociology with macrosociology, which focuses on larger societal structures and processes rather than individual interactions.

Explanations: Microsociology is the correct answer because it specifically deals with the analysis of social interactions at a micro level. This branch of sociology examines how individuals behave and interact in small groups or face-to-face settings, providing insights into the dynamics of social behavior and communication.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Microsociology is the study of social interactions at a micro level.
Option B: Incorrect. Behavioral sociology is not a recognized subfield of sociology focused on social interactions.
Option C: Incorrect. Macrosociology focuses on large-scale social structures and processes, not individual interactions.
Option D: Incorrect. Order theory is not a recognized subfield of sociology focused on social interactions.

1147. "The largest group of people inhabiting a specific territory and sharing a common culture"is a definition of a.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Society.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Geography, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A society is a group of people who share a common culture and live in a specific territory.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the term "nation" with "society," as both involve groups of people sharing common traits.

Explanations: The definition provided describes a group of people living in a specific territory and sharing a common culture, which aligns with the concept of a society. A society encompasses the collective behaviors, beliefs, and practices of a group of people within a defined area.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A nation typically refers to a large group of people with a common culture, language, or history, often within a defined territory, but it is not the same as a society.
Option B: A state is a political entity with defined territory and government, which does not fully capture the cultural aspect described in the definition.
Option C: A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, which does not encompass the cultural and territorial aspects described.
Option D: A society is a group of people sharing a common culture and living in a specific territory, which matches the given definition.

Mnemonic: Society: Shared Culture Together

1148. Take with a grain of salt

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) This means not to take what someone says too seriously.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, TOEFL, IELTS

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The phrase "take with a grain of salt" is an idiom that means to be skeptical or not to fully believe what someone is saying.

Common Mistakes: Students might misunderstand the phrase to mean taking something literally or believing it completely.

Explanations: The phrase "take with a grain of salt" originates from the idea of reducing the potency of something by adding a small amount of salt. In modern usage, it means to be cautious or skeptical about the information or claims being made. Therefore, the correct interpretation is to not take what someone says too seriously.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. This is the accurate interpretation of the idiom.
Option B: Incorrect. This option does not relate to the meaning of the idiom.
Option C: Incorrect. This option does not relate to the meaning of the idiom.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as one of the other options is correct.

Mnemonic: Grain of doubt

1149. Which of the following has not been central to feminist theorizing?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) The experience of black women.

Exam Relevance: PhD Comprehensive Exams, Feminist Theory Exams, Gender Studies Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Feminist theorizing has traditionally focused on male domination, male bias in sociological theory, and the gendered character of knowledge. However, the specific experience of black women has not been central to mainstream feminist theorizing.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that the experience of black women has been a central focus of feminist theory, given the intersectional nature of modern feminist thought.

Explanations: Feminist theory has historically centered on the experiences of white, middle-class women, addressing issues such as male domination, male bias in sociological theory, and the gendered character of knowledge. While intersectionality has become a more prominent aspect of feminist theory, the specific experiences of black women have not been as central to traditional feminist theorizing.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Male domination in society has been a central focus of feminist theory, examining how power structures are gendered and how they affect women's lives.
Option B: Male bias in sociological theory has been critiqued by feminist theorists who argue that traditional sociological theories often overlook or misrepresent women's experiences.
Option C: The gendered character of knowledge has been a key area of feminist inquiry, exploring how knowledge production is influenced by gender biases and power dynamics.
Option D: The experience of black women has not been central to mainstream feminist theorizing, although it has gained more attention in intersectional feminist frameworks.

1150. The most important category of norms for maintaining social order are.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Mores.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Mores are strong norms that are considered essential for the welfare of a society. They are often linked to moral values and can have significant social sanctions for violations.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse mores with folkways, which are norms that are less strictly enforced and more about social conventions rather than moral values.

Explanations: Mores are the most important category of norms for maintaining social order because they are deeply rooted in the moral fabric of a society. Violations of mores are often met with severe social sanctions, including ostracism or legal penalties. This makes mores crucial for upholding the core values and moral standards that are necessary for social cohesion and order.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Folkways are social conventions that are less strictly enforced and do not carry the same moral weight as mores.
Option B: Mores are the correct answer because they are deeply rooted in moral values and are essential for maintaining social order.
Option C: Customs are similar to folkways and are not as critical for maintaining social order as mores.
Option D: Traditions are practices that are passed down through generations but do not necessarily carry the same moral weight as mores.

Mnemonic: Mores = Moral Essentials

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 115”

Anonymous January 28, 2020
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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020
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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 115”

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