sociology MCQ questions answers

1231. A small group of people chosen by the researcher that is usually hoped to be representative

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Sample.

Exam Relevance: AP Statistics, GRE, MCAT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A sample is a subset of a population chosen to represent the whole group.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse a sample with the entire population or a random group.

Explanations: A sample is a small group of people chosen by the researcher to represent the larger population. This is the correct term because it accurately describes a subset that is hoped to be representative of the whole.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Population refers to the entire group of interest, not a subset.
Option B: Group is too vague and does not specifically denote a subset chosen for representation.
Option C: Participant refers to an individual in a study, not a subset of the population.
Option D: Sample is the correct term for a subset chosen to represent the whole population.

Mnemonic: S - Small group, A - Analyzed, M - Meaningful, P - Part of the whole.

1232. Rob works hard and gets a scholarship to a state university where he graduates with honors, then goes on to law school. Neither of Rob's parents went to college. His income easily exceeds theirs. Rob has experienced

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Intergenerational mobility.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Economics exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Intergenerational mobility refers to changes in social status or economic position between parents and their children.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse intergenerational mobility with horizontal mobility, which involves a change in occupation or status within the same social class.

Explanations: Rob's experience of graduating from a state university with honors and then attending law school, resulting in an income that exceeds his parents', exemplifies intergenerational mobility. This is because his social and economic status has improved compared to that of his parents, who did not attend college.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Horizontal mobility involves a change in occupation or status within the same social class, which does not apply to Rob's situation.
Option B: Social grit is not a recognized sociological term and does not describe Rob's experience.
Option C: Intergenerational mobility accurately describes Rob's improved social and economic status compared to his parents.
Option D: Exchange mobility involves a change in social status where one individual moves up while another moves down, which is not applicable here.

1233. An action that produces an intended and recognized result

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Manifest function.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A manifest function is an intended and recognized result of an action or social behavior.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse manifest functions with latent functions, which are unintended and unrecognized consequences.

Explanations: A manifest function is an action that produces an intended and recognized result. This aligns with the definition provided in the question, making it the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct, as it matches the definition of an intended and recognized result.
Option B: Incorrect, as latent functions are unintended and unrecognized consequences.
Option C: Incorrect, as tracking does not relate to the intended and recognized result of an action.
Option D: Incorrect, as one of the provided options is correct.

1234. ..... is a group of people who have organized to share a common culture and feeling of unity.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Society.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Social and Cultural Anthropology

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A society is a group of people who have organized to share a common culture and feeling of unity.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse society with subculture, which is a smaller group within a larger society that shares distinct cultural traits.

Explanations: A society is defined as a group of people who have organized to share a common culture and feeling of unity. This aligns with the definition provided in the question. Societies are larger and more inclusive than subcultures or counter cultures, and they encompass a broader range of shared cultural elements and social structures.

Option Analysis:

Option A: An artifact is an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest. It does not fit the definition of a group of people sharing a common culture and unity.
Option B: A counter culture is a subculture that rejects or opposes the dominant culture. It does not encompass the broader definition of a society.
Option C: A society is a group of people who have organized to share a common culture and feeling of unity, which matches the description in the question.
Option D: A subculture is a smaller group within a larger society that shares distinct cultural traits. It does not fit the broader definition of a society.

Mnemonic: Society: Shared Unity, Organized Together

1235. Way in which people's actions are coordinated with their environment

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Social Action.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Psychology exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Social Action refers to the way in which people's actions are coordinated with their environment, including social norms, roles, and interactions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Social Action with Social Influence, which focuses more on how individuals are affected by others rather than the coordination of actions within a social context.

Explanations: Social Action is the correct answer because it specifically addresses the coordination of people's actions with their environment. This includes understanding how social norms, roles, and interactions shape behavior. Social Action is a fundamental concept in sociology that explains how individuals act in relation to their social environment, making it the most appropriate choice for describing the coordination of actions within a social context.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Social Unity refers to the cohesion and solidarity within a group, which does not directly address the coordination of actions with the environment.
Option B: Social Influence pertains to the impact of others on an individual's behavior, rather than the coordination of actions within a social context.
Option C: Social Action is the correct term for the coordination of people's actions with their environment, including social norms and roles.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect because Social Action is the appropriate term for the described concept.

1236. Crime and deviance can be learned from the environment and enforced or discouraged by those around us. This idea is based on:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Symbolic interactionism.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Criminology exams, Social Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Symbolic interactionism focuses on how individuals interpret and give meaning to their social interactions, including how they learn behaviors such as crime and deviance from their environment and the influence of those around them.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse symbolic interactionism with structural functionalism, which focuses on how social structures maintain stability and order, rather than individual interactions and meanings.

Explanations: Symbolic interactionism posits that individuals learn behaviors, including crime and deviance, through interactions with others and the meanings they attach to these interactions. This theory emphasizes the role of social environment and interpersonal communication in shaping behavior. The environment and the people around us provide the context in which behaviors are learned and reinforced, aligning with the idea that crime and deviance can be learned and influenced by social interactions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Structural functionalism focuses on how social structures maintain stability and order, not on individual interactions and meanings.
Option B: Conflict theory emphasizes the struggle between different social groups and the distribution of resources, not on individual interactions and meanings.
Option C: Symbolic interactionism focuses on how individuals interpret and give meaning to their social interactions, including how they learn behaviors such as crime and deviance from their environment and the influence of those around them.
Option D: Positivism emphasizes the use of scientific methods to study social phenomena, not on individual interactions and meanings.

1237. What are formal organizations?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Secondary groups designed to achieve specific objectives.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Management exams, Organizational Behavior exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Formal organizations are structured groups with specific goals and objectives.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse formal organizations with primary groups, which are more personal and less goal-oriented.

Explanations: Formal organizations are secondary groups that are created to achieve specific objectives. They are characterized by a formal structure, defined roles, and a clear hierarchy. These organizations are designed to accomplish specific tasks or goals, making them distinct from primary groups which are more focused on personal relationships and emotional support.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Formal organizations are secondary groups designed to achieve specific objectives.
Option B: Incorrect. Primary groups are focused on personal goals and relationships, not specific organizational objectives.
Option C: Incorrect. Formal organizations are generally designed to be efficient in achieving their objectives.
Option D: Incorrect. While formal organizations can be efficient, they are not specifically designed to empower workers.

1238. Perspective that emphasizes the contributions of each part of society

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Functionalism.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, Sociology 101, Social Theory Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Functionalism is a sociological perspective that emphasizes the contributions of each part of society to the whole.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse functionalism with conflict theory, which focuses on the struggle between different social groups.

Explanations: Functionalism views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. Each part of society, such as the family, education, and religion, contributes to the overall functioning of the system. This perspective highlights the importance of social institutions and their roles in maintaining social order and stability.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Functionalism correctly emphasizes the contributions of each part of society to the whole.
Option B: Socialism is an economic and political system that focuses on collective ownership and control of production, not on the contributions of societal parts.
Option C: Conflict theory focuses on the struggle between different social groups, rather than the contributions of each part to society.
Option D: Symbolic Interactionism focuses on the meanings individuals derive from social interaction, not on the contributions of societal parts.

Mnemonic: F-C-S: Functionalism, Contributions, Stability

1239. The intended and recognized consequence of some element of society is a .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Manifest function.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A manifest function is the intended and recognized consequence of an element of society.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse manifest functions with latent functions, which are unintended and unrecognized consequences.

Explanations: A manifest function is the intended and recognized consequence of an element of society. This means that when a particular element of society is designed or implemented, there is a clear and intended purpose that is recognized by the individuals involved. For example, the manifest function of a school is to educate students.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Latent functions are unintended and unrecognized consequences, not the intended and recognized ones.
Option B: Dysfunctions are negative consequences, not the intended and recognized ones.
Option C: Manifest functions are the intended and recognized consequences, which matches the description in the question.
Option D: Symbols are representations of ideas or concepts, not the intended and recognized consequences of an element of society.

Mnemonic: Mnemonic: M for Manifest, M for Main (intended purpose).

1240. The nuclear family form is also called.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Conjugal.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Family Studies exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The nuclear family form is also known as the conjugal family. This term emphasizes the central role of the marital relationship in the family structure.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the nuclear family with the extended family, which includes relatives beyond the immediate family unit.

Explanations: The nuclear family, also called the conjugal family, consists of a married couple and their children. The term "conjugal" highlights the importance of the marital bond in defining the family unit. This form of family is distinct from other types, such as the extended family, which includes grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The nuclear family is also known as the conjugal family.
Option B: Incorrect. Consanguine refers to families based on blood relations, not the marital relationship.
Option C: Incorrect. Procreational is not a standard term used to describe family forms.
Option D: Incorrect. The extended family includes relatives beyond the immediate family unit.

Mnemonic: Nuclear = No relatives, just the couple and kids.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 124”

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020
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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 124”

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