sociology MCQ questions answers

1241. Which of the following is NOT one of the Hindu traditional caste categories?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Sanskrit.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, SAT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Sanskrit is a classical language of India, not a caste category.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Sanskrit with a caste category due to its historical and cultural significance in Hindu society.

Explanations: Sanskrit is a classical language of India and is not one of the traditional caste categories. The traditional caste categories in Hinduism are Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, and Shudra. Sanskrit is not a caste but a language that has been historically associated with the Brahmin caste due to its use in religious texts and rituals.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Sanskrit is a language, not a caste category.
Option B: Brahmin is one of the traditional caste categories in Hinduism.
Option C: Kshatriya is one of the traditional caste categories in Hinduism.
Option D: Shudra is one of the traditional caste categories in Hinduism.

1242. Theoretical perspective that focuses on society that promotes conflict, competition, and change

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Conflict.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, Sociology 101, Social Theory Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The conflict perspective in sociology emphasizes the role of conflict, competition, and change in society.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the conflict perspective with the functionalist perspective, which focuses on social stability and equilibrium.

Explanations: The conflict perspective in sociology highlights the role of conflict and competition in shaping social structures and promoting change. This perspective views society as a struggle for power and resources among different groups. It contrasts with the functionalist perspective, which emphasizes social stability and the interdependence of social institutions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The functionalist perspective focuses on social stability and the interdependence of social institutions, not conflict and competition.
Option B: The conflict perspective focuses on conflict, competition, and change, making it the correct answer.
Option C: The interactionist perspective focuses on the meanings individuals derive from social interactions, not on conflict and competition.
Option D: Sociological is a broad term that encompasses various perspectives, including functionalist, conflict, and interactionist, but does not specifically refer to a perspective focused on conflict and competition.

1243. In Pakistan civil society is in developmental stages and ye has little influence in the.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Policy making.

Exam Relevance: Public Administration, Political Science, International Relations

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Civil society in Pakistan is in developmental stages and has limited influence in policy making.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that civil society has a significant influence in all areas of governance, including social issues and political affairs.

Explanations: Civil society in Pakistan is still developing and has limited influence in policy making. This means that while civil society organizations may have some impact on social issues and political affairs, their influence is not as strong in the formal policy-making processes. Therefore, the correct answer is that civil society has little influence in policy making.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Civil society may have some influence on social issues, but this is not the primary area where its influence is limited.
Option B: Civil society can have some impact on political affairs, but this is not the area where its influence is most restricted.
Option C: Civil society in Pakistan has limited influence in policy making, which is the correct area of limited influence.
Option D: This option is incorrect as civil society does have some influence, but it is limited in policy making.

1244. Who wrote the book "The Division of Labour"

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Emile Durkheim.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Emile Durkheim wrote "The Division of Labour in Society," a foundational work in sociology.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Emile Durkheim with other sociologists like Max Weber or Karl Marx, who also made significant contributions to sociology.

Explanations: Emile Durkheim's "The Division of Labour in Society" is a seminal work that explores the concept of social solidarity and the division of labor in modern societies. Durkheim's analysis of how the division of labor affects social cohesion and individual identity is a cornerstone of sociological theory.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Emile Durkheim wrote "The Division of Labour in Society."
Option B: Incorrect. Max Weber wrote "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism," not "The Division of Labour."
Option C: Incorrect. Karl Marx wrote "Das Kapital," not "The Division of Labour."
Option D: Incorrect. Anil Kumar is not associated with "The Division of Labour."

Mnemonic: D for Durkheim, D for Division.

1245. According to demographic transition theory, both birth and death rates are high in which stages of demographic transition?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) The first stage.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Geography, Sociology Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In the first stage of demographic transition, both birth and death rates are high, leading to a stable population size.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the first stage with the second stage, where birth rates remain high but death rates start to decline.

Explanations: In the first stage of demographic transition, societies are characterized by high birth rates and high death rates. This is due to factors such as limited access to healthcare, high infant mortality, and traditional agricultural practices that require large families. The high death rates balance out the high birth rates, resulting in a stable population size. This is why the first stage is the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. In the first stage, both birth and death rates are high.
Option B: Incorrect. In the second stage, birth rates remain high but death rates start to decline.
Option C: Incorrect. In the third stage, birth rates start to decline while death rates are already low.
Option D: Incorrect. The first and third stages do not both have high birth and death rates simultaneously.

Mnemonic: High High Stable (HHSt) - First stage has high birth and death rates, leading to a stable population.

1246. Institution that determines how goods/services are produced/distributed

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Economic institution.

Exam Relevance: AP Economics, IB Economics, SAT Subject Test in Economics

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Economic institutions are responsible for determining how goods and services are produced and distributed within a society.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse economic institutions with political institutions, which are more focused on governance and law-making rather than production and distribution.

Explanations: Economic institutions, such as markets, firms, and government agencies, are specifically designed to manage the production and distribution of goods and services. They set the rules and mechanisms for how resources are allocated and how products reach consumers. This is distinct from the roles of social and political institutions, which focus on social norms and governance, respectively.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Economic institutions determine how goods and services are produced and distributed.
Option B: Incorrect. Social institutions focus on social norms and behaviors, not production and distribution.
Option C: Incorrect. Political institutions are concerned with governance and law-making, not production and distribution.
Option D: Incorrect. Political socialization is the process by which individuals learn political attitudes and behaviors, not related to production and distribution.

Mnemonic: Economic institutions: "E" for "Economy" - "E" for "Efficiently producing and distributing."

1247. The following statement does NOT apply to Herbert Spencer

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Wanted to correct social ills.

Exam Relevance: AP European History, Sociology Exams, Political Science Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Herbert Spencer is known for his social Darwinism and his belief that society should be allowed to evolve naturally without interference. He did not aim to correct social ills but rather believed in the survival of the fittest.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that Spencer advocated for social reform, given his influence on social theory. However, his philosophy was more aligned with laissez-faire principles.

Explanations: Herbert Spencer is best known for his application of Darwinian principles to social theory, often referred to as social Darwinism. He believed that society should evolve naturally, and that the fittest individuals would naturally rise to the top. This perspective aligns with the idea of "survival of the fittest" and does not include a desire to correct social ills. Instead, Spencer believed that social problems would naturally resolve themselves through the process of natural selection.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Herbert Spencer did use a biological model to explain social phenomena, aligning with his social Darwinist views.
Option B: The phrase "survival of the fittest" is closely associated with Spencer's work and his application of Darwinian principles to society.
Option C: Spencer did not aim to correct social ills; he believed in the natural evolution of society without interference.
Option D: Spencer was heavily influenced by Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, which he applied to social theory.

Mnemonic: Survival of the fittest, not social reform.

1248. In a democracy.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) The powers of government derive from the consent of the governed.

Exam Relevance: AP Government, SAT Government, Civics Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In a democracy, the legitimacy of the government is based on the consent of the people it governs.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the concept of direct governance (Option C) with the idea of consent of the governed.

Explanations: In a democracy, the government's authority is derived from the people's consent. This means that the people have the right to choose their leaders and to participate in the political process. This principle is fundamental to democratic governance and ensures that the government operates with the approval of the populace.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This is the correct answer as it aligns with the foundational principle of democracy.
Option B: This is incorrect because the procedures for changing government officials are typically established by law and do not change with each administration.
Option C: This is incorrect because in a representative democracy, the people do not govern directly but through elected representatives.
Option D: This is incorrect because a democratic government generally tolerates opposition as part of the political process.

1249. The protest in the Mexico City 1968 Olympics involving Tommie Smith and John Carlos represented:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Black unity and power.

Exam Relevance: AP US History, SAT US History, IB History

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The protest by Tommie Smith and John Carlos during the Mexico City 1968 Olympics was a powerful symbol of black unity and the struggle for civil rights.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the protest with other civil rights movements or misinterpret the symbolism of the raised fists.

Explanations: Tommie Smith and John Carlos raised their fists in a black power salute during the medal ceremony to protest racial discrimination and inequality. This act was a powerful symbol of black unity and the fight for civil rights, making it a significant moment in the history of the civil rights movement.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The protest symbolized black unity and power.
Option B: Incorrect. The protest did not symbolize weakness.
Option C: Incorrect. The protest did not symbolize weakness.
Option D: Incorrect. The correct answer is provided.

1250. Conflict development rapidly during

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) 1960s and 1970s.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, SAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The conflict development refers to the period when tensions and confrontations between major powers escalated, particularly during the Cold War era.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the timeline of significant events and the periods of heightened conflict.

Explanations: The 1960s and 1970s were marked by significant Cold War events such as the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Vietnam War, and the Space Race. These events represent a period of intense ideological and military competition between the United States and the Soviet Union, leading to rapid conflict development.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The 1960s and 1980s do not accurately capture the period of rapid conflict development, as the 1980s saw a relative easing of tensions with the beginning of détente.
Option B: The 1940s and 1960s do not fully encompass the period of rapid conflict development, as the 1940s were primarily characterized by World War II.
Option C: The 1920s and 1980s are too broad and do not accurately reflect the period of rapid conflict development during the Cold War.
Option D: The 1960s and 1970s correctly identify the period of intense Cold War confrontations and rapid conflict development.

Mnemonic: Cold War, Cuban Missile, Vietnam

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 125”

Anonymous January 28, 2020
It is the best app in the world …..but sir hindi medium walo ke liye problem hai…..gyan ke mamle me ye ganga ki tarh hai
ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020
send me sociology mcq pdf
SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
Please send sociology mcq e book,,,, thank you,,,

3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 125”

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