sociology MCQ questions answers

1301. The advantage of this descriptive method of research is that it creates an immense amount of data to be gathered quickly and inexpensively.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Survey.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, GRE, MCAT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Surveys are a descriptive method of research that allows for the collection of large amounts of data quickly and inexpensively.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse surveys with observational methods, which involve watching and recording behaviors without direct interaction.

Explanations: Surveys are a descriptive method of research that involves collecting data through questionnaires or interviews. This method is advantageous because it can gather a large amount of data from a wide range of participants in a relatively short period of time and at a lower cost compared to other methods. Surveys are particularly useful for descriptive research as they can provide a broad overview of attitudes, behaviors, or characteristics within a population.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Surveys are the correct choice as they allow for quick and inexpensive data collection.
Option B: Observational methods involve direct observation and do not necessarily gather data quickly or inexpensively.
Option C: Correlational methods focus on relationships between variables and do not inherently provide quick or inexpensive data collection.
Option D: Experiments involve manipulating variables and are typically more time-consuming and costly than surveys.

1302. ) One reason why divorce rates have increased in recent years is that

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Society has become more tolerant of divorce.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The increase in divorce rates can be attributed to societal changes that have made divorce more acceptable.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that financial factors or legal costs are the primary reasons for increased divorce rates.

Explanations: Societal attitudes towards divorce have evolved over time, making it more socially acceptable for individuals to end marriages. This shift in societal norms has contributed to higher divorce rates as people are more willing to pursue divorce when faced with marital issues.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This is the correct answer as societal tolerance towards divorce has increased, making it a more viable option for individuals.
Option B: The cost of obtaining a divorce has not risen significantly enough to be a primary factor in increased divorce rates.
Option C: Women have become more financially independent, which can actually reduce the need for marriage, but does not directly explain the increase in divorce rates.
Option D: This is incorrect as option A is the correct answer.

1303. The Looking-Glass Self is associated with

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Cooley.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Social Work exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The Looking-Glass Self is a sociological concept that describes how individuals develop their self-concept based on their perception of how others view them.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Looking-Glass Self with other sociological theories, such as Mead's theory of the self, which also involves social interaction but focuses on the development of the self through role-taking.

Explanations: Charles Horton Cooley introduced the concept of the Looking-Glass Self in his work. He argued that individuals form their self-concept by imagining how they appear to others and how others perceive them. This process involves three stages: imagining how we appear to others, imagining their judgments of that appearance, and developing feelings about ourselves based on those imagined judgments.

Option Analysis:

Option A: John Locke is known for his theories on empiricism and social contract, not the Looking-Glass Self.
Option B: Charles Horton Cooley is the correct answer as he developed the concept of the Looking-Glass Self.
Option C: George Herbert Mead is known for his theory of the self and symbolic interactionism, but not the Looking-Glass Self.
Option D: This option is incorrect as Cooley is the correct answer.

1304. The id is the part of our personality that.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Desires food, comfort, and attention.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In Freudian psychology, the id is the part of the personality that is present from birth and is responsible for basic instincts and desires.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the id with the superego, which represents internalized moral standards and societal norms.

Explanations: The id is the part of the personality that seeks immediate gratification of basic needs and desires, such as food, comfort, and attention. It operates based on the pleasure principle, which means it seeks to avoid pain and discomfort and fulfill desires without considering the consequences.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The ego is the part of the personality that is the voice of reason, balancing the demands of the id and the superego.
Option B: The id desires food, comfort, and attention, seeking immediate gratification of basic needs.
Option C: The superego internalizes cultural norms and values to guide behavior, representing the moral component of the personality.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the id does have a specific function in personality theory.

Mnemonic: ID: Immediate Desires

1305. The ethnomethodology as an approach to study society is concerned with

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) The fundamental bases of social order.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Theory exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Ethnomethodology is a sociological approach that focuses on the ways in which people make sense of their social world and maintain social order through their everyday interactions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse ethnomethodology with other sociological theories that focus on power dynamics, resource distribution, or historical perspectives.

Explanations: Ethnomethodology is concerned with understanding the fundamental bases of social order by examining how individuals use methods to make sense of their social interactions. It does not focus on issues of power, resource distribution, or historical shaping of institutions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Ethnomethodology studies the fundamental bases of social order through everyday interactions.
Option B: Incorrect. This is more aligned with conflict theory or critical theory, which focus on power and authority.
Option C: Incorrect. This is more aligned with resource distribution theories, such as structural functionalism or conflict theory.
Option D: Incorrect. This is more aligned with historical sociology or institutional theory, which focus on the historical development of social institutions.

1306. The movement between or within social classes is known as.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Social Mobility.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Work exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Social mobility refers to the movement of individuals, families, or groups within or between social classes.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse social mobility with socioeconomic status, which is a measure of an individual's or family's economic and social position.

Explanations: Social mobility is the correct term for the movement between or within social classes. It describes the ability of individuals or groups to change their social status, either upward or downward, over time. This concept is distinct from socioeconomic status, which is a measure of an individual's or family's economic and social position, and from prestige, which refers to the level of respect or admiration a social position commands. Endogamy refers to the practice of marrying within a specific group, and is unrelated to social class movement.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Social Mobility is the correct term for the movement between or within social classes.
Option B: Socioeconomic Status (SES) is a measure of an individual's or family's economic and social position, not the movement between classes.
Option C: Prestige refers to the level of respect or admiration a social position commands, not the movement between classes.
Option D: Endogamy refers to the practice of marrying within a specific group, and is unrelated to social class movement.

1307. Consider the following Statements: Language is the most important tool under Symbolic Interactionism. Gender socialization is becoming increasingly important in our society. Max Weber is associated with the substantive view of religion Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Only 1, 3.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Symbolic Interactionism emphasizes the role of language in shaping social interactions. Max Weber is known for his substantive view of religion, which focuses on the intrinsic meaning and value of religious beliefs. Gender socialization, while important, is not the primary focus of the question.

Common Mistakes: Students may incorrectly assume that gender socialization is the most important aspect of Symbolic Interactionism, or they may not be familiar with Max Weber's substantive view of religion.

Explanations: Symbolic Interactionism posits that language is a crucial tool for social interaction and meaning-making. This makes statement 1 true. Max Weber is indeed associated with the substantive view of religion, which emphasizes the intrinsic meaning and value of religious beliefs, making statement 3 true. Statement 2, while true in a broader societal context, is not directly relevant to the specific theories and concepts being tested here.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because it includes statement 2, which is not directly relevant to the theories and concepts being tested.
Option B: Incorrect because it includes statement 2, which is not directly relevant to the theories and concepts being tested.
Option C: Incorrect because it excludes statement 1, which is true according to Symbolic Interactionism.
Option D: Correct because it includes statements 1 and 3, which are true according to the theories and concepts being tested.

1308. According to Gerald Suttles a gated community would be an example of a(n)

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Defended neighborhood.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Urban studies exams, Social geography exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Gerald Suttles defined a defended neighborhood as a community that actively protects its boundaries and maintains a distinct identity from surrounding areas.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse a defended neighborhood with an urban enclave, which is a smaller, distinct community within a larger urban area but does not necessarily have the same level of boundary defense.

Explanations: Gerald Suttles' concept of a defended neighborhood emphasizes the active measures taken by a community to maintain its distinct identity and protect its boundaries. A gated community fits this description as it often has physical barriers and security measures to keep out non-residents, thereby defending its boundaries and maintaining a distinct identity.

Option Analysis:

Option A: An edge city is a large, suburban, business district that functions as a center of commerce and employment, distinct from the traditional downtown. It does not fit the concept of a defended neighborhood.
Option B: A defended neighborhood, as defined by Gerald Suttles, is a community that actively protects its boundaries and maintains a distinct identity. A gated community fits this description.
Option C: An urban enclave is a smaller, distinct community within a larger urban area, but it does not necessarily have the same level of boundary defense as a defended neighborhood.
Option D: An ethnic village is a community defined by its ethnic composition, but it does not necessarily involve active boundary defense.

Mnemonic: Defend, Gate, Protect

1309. Changing your job to an equally paying and equally reputable job is an example of .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Horizontal mobility.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Horizontal mobility refers to a change in job or position within the same social or occupational level, without a significant change in status or income.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse horizontal mobility with vertical mobility, which involves a change in social status or income level.

Explanations: Horizontal mobility occurs when an individual changes jobs or positions within the same social or occupational level, maintaining similar pay and reputation. This is the case described in the question, where the job change does not result in a significant change in status or income.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Vertical mobility involves a change in social status or income level, which is not the case here.
Option B: The caste system is a social stratification system, not a type of job mobility.
Option C: Class mobility involves a change in social class, which is not described in the scenario.
Option D: Horizontal mobility is the correct term for a job change that maintains similar pay and reputation.

Mnemonic: Horizontal = Same Level

1310. What type of questionnaire has the highest response rate

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Email questionnaire with a completion incentive (eg £5 gift card).

Exam Relevance: Market Research Exams, Survey Methodology Exams, Social Science Research Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Incentives are known to increase response rates in surveys.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the impact of incentives on response rates.

Explanations: Incentives such as gift cards can significantly boost the response rate of email questionnaires. This is because the promise of a reward motivates participants to complete the survey. While postal and email questionnaires can have varying response rates, the addition of a completion incentive typically results in the highest response rate.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Postal questionnaires generally have lower response rates compared to email questionnaires due to the inconvenience of physical mail.
Option B: Email questionnaires have higher response rates than postal questionnaires but are still less effective than those with incentives.
Option C: Email questionnaires with a completion incentive have the highest response rate due to the added motivation provided by the incentive.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the correct answer is provided in option C.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 131”

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 131”

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