sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

131. Which Research Method is most reliant on the sociologist forming a controlled environment to see how a participant reacts?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Experiment.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Research Methods exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The experiment method in sociology involves creating a controlled environment to observe and measure the effects of specific variables on participants' behavior or reactions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the experiment method with survey methods, which do not involve creating a controlled environment.

Explanations: The experiment method is the most reliant on the sociologist forming a controlled environment to see how a participant reacts. This method allows researchers to manipulate variables and observe the effects, providing a high level of control over the conditions under which the study is conducted.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The experiment method involves creating a controlled environment to observe participant reactions.
Option B: Incorrect. Surveys do not involve creating a controlled environment; they typically involve collecting data through questionnaires or interviews.
Option C: Incorrect. Existing source analysis involves reviewing and analyzing pre-existing data or documents, not creating a controlled environment.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as the experiment method is the correct answer.

Mnemonic: Controlled Environment = Experiment

132. What word means courteous; acting in a kind or "correct" way?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Polite.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, TOEFL, IELTS

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The word "polite" means courteous and acting in a kind or "correct" way.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse "polite" with "acceptable," which means meeting a standard but does not necessarily imply courteous behavior.

Explanations: The term "polite" directly aligns with the definition of courteous and acting in a kind or "correct" way. The other options do not fit this specific definition.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Acceptable means meeting a standard but does not imply courteous behavior.
Option B: Multicultural refers to a variety of cultures, not courteous behavior.
Option C: Polite means courteous and acting in a kind or "correct" way.
Option D: Behavior refers to the manner of conducting oneself, but does not specifically imply courteous or kind actions.

133. Qualitative or quantitative: the average time it takes for a student to take the ACT.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Quantitative.

Exam Relevance: AP Statistics, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Quantitative data involves numerical measurements or counts, while qualitative data involves non-numerical characteristics or descriptions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse quantitative data with qualitative data if they do not understand the distinction between numerical and non-numerical information.

Explanations: The average time it takes for a student to take the ACT is a numerical measurement, which makes it quantitative data. Time is a measurable quantity and can be expressed in units such as minutes or hours.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The average time is a numerical measurement, making it quantitative.
Option B: Incorrect. Qualitative data involves non-numerical characteristics, not numerical measurements.
Option C: Incorrect. The data is strictly quantitative, not qualitative.
Option D: Incorrect. The data is quantitative, not neither.

134. Foreign aid:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Has been used as an instrument of foreign policy by the U.S.

Exam Relevance: AP US Government, International Relations Exams, Political Science Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Foreign aid has often been used by the U.S. to achieve strategic and political goals in international relations.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that foreign aid is solely for humanitarian purposes and not influenced by political motives.

Explanations: The United States has historically used foreign aid as a tool to influence other countries, promote its interests, and shape global politics. This practice aligns with the concept of foreign aid as an instrument of foreign policy. By providing aid, the U.S. can foster alliances, support friendly governments, and promote its values and economic interests abroad.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the use of foreign aid as a tool for foreign policy.
Option B: This option is incorrect because it suggests a moral imperative that is not universally accepted and does not reflect the actual practice of foreign aid.
Option C: This option is incorrect because the fall of communism was influenced by a variety of factors, not solely foreign aid.
Option D: This option is incorrect as it implies none of the given statements are true, which is not the case.

Mnemonic: AID = Align, Influence, Develop

135. Assumes that certain roles in society must be performed if the system is to be maintained. Higher rewards for the performance of these roles to ensure their fulfillment. The more important the role and the more skill need to perform the role, the higher the reward

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Functionalist Theory.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Functionalist theory emphasizes the importance of social roles and the need for society to maintain stability and cohesion. It posits that certain roles are essential for the functioning of society and that these roles should be rewarded appropriately to ensure their fulfillment.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse functionalist theory with conflict theory, which focuses more on the distribution of power and resources and the struggle between different social groups.

Explanations: Functionalist theory asserts that society operates like a living organism, with each part working together to maintain the overall stability and equilibrium. It emphasizes the importance of roles and the need for these roles to be rewarded based on their significance to the functioning of society. Higher rewards are given to roles that are more critical and require greater skill, ensuring that these roles are filled and performed effectively.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Functionalist theory aligns with the idea that certain roles are essential for societal stability and should be rewarded accordingly.
Option B: Incorrect. Conflict theory focuses on the struggle for power and resources, not on the functional necessity of roles.
Option C: Incorrect. The statement aligns specifically with functionalist theory, not conflict theory.
Option D: Incorrect. The statement aligns specifically with functionalist theory, not neither theory.

136. What did the Humanistic movement support?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) The elimination of restrictive rules and codes on the students learning.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Theory of Knowledge, State High School Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Humanistic movement in education emphasizes the importance of individual freedom and personal growth. It supports the idea of reducing strict rules and allowing students more autonomy in their learning process.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Humanistic movement with other educational philosophies that focus on different aspects of education, such as the emphasis on humanities or teacher autonomy.

Explanations: The Humanistic movement in education advocates for a more student-centered approach, where restrictive rules and codes are minimized to allow for greater personal development and self-expression. This aligns with the idea of fostering a learning environment that encourages individuality and creativity.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because the Humanistic movement does not specifically focus on the balance between humanities and other subjects like math and English.
Option B: This option is incorrect because the Humanistic movement does not emphasize teacher autonomy in choosing students' classes.
Option C: This option is correct because the Humanistic movement supports reducing restrictive rules and codes to promote a more flexible and personalized learning experience.
Option D: This option is incorrect because one of the provided options (Option C) is indeed correct.

137. Basic sociological study of Emilie Durkhiem was

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) About causes of suicide.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Emile Durkheim's seminal work "Suicide" is a foundational study in sociology that explores the social causes of suicide.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Durkheim's work with other sociological studies, such as those focusing on social changes or cultural lag.

Explanations: Durkheim's study "Suicide" is a pioneering sociological work that examines the social factors contributing to suicide rates. He argued that suicide rates are influenced by the degree of integration and regulation within a society. This work is considered a cornerstone in the field of sociology due to its methodological rigor and its emphasis on social causes over individual psychological factors.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Durkheim did not primarily focus on social changes in his basic sociological study.
Option B: Cultural lag is not the focus of Durkheim's basic sociological study.
Option C: While disorganization may be a factor in his study, it is not the primary focus of his basic sociological study.
Option D: Durkheim's study "Suicide" is a foundational work that examines the social causes of suicide.

138. Social norms are:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Rules and expectations about interaction that regulate social life.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Social norms are established rules and expectations that guide behavior in social interactions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse social norms with other social constructs like social roles or cultural practices.

Explanations: Social norms are the unwritten rules that govern behavior in social settings. They are expectations about how individuals should behave in various situations, which help maintain order and predictability in social interactions. These norms are not necessarily codified in law but are understood and followed by members of a society to ensure smooth social functioning.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option describes creative activities, which are not related to social norms.
Option B: This option refers to symbolic representation in media, which is not the definition of social norms.
Option C: This option describes religious beliefs, which are distinct from social norms.
Option D: This option correctly defines social norms as rules and expectations that regulate social life.

139. Constructed reality is.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) The principle that meaning derives from social interaction in daily life.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Constructed reality is a sociological concept that emphasizes the role of social interaction in shaping our understanding of the world.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse constructed reality with the idea of controlling others' behavior or with artificial explanations of culture.

Explanations: Constructed reality is a sociological theory that posits that the meanings and interpretations of social phenomena are not inherent but are constructed through social interactions. This means that the significance of events, objects, and behaviors is derived from the collective meanings that people assign to them through their interactions. This aligns with the correct answer, which states that meaning derives from social interaction in daily life.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option refers to control over others' behavior, which is not related to constructed reality.
Option B: This option correctly identifies constructed reality as the principle that meaning is derived from social interactions.
Option C: This option describes a feedback mechanism, which is not related to constructed reality.
Option D: This option suggests an artificial explanation of culture, which does not align with the concept of constructed reality.

140. This approach emphasizes the contributions made by each part of society

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Functionalism.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, Sociology 101, Social Theory Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Functionalism is a sociological perspective that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse functionalism with conflict theory, which focuses on the struggle between different social groups rather than the contributions of each part.

Explanations: Functionalism emphasizes the contributions made by each part of society to the overall stability and functioning of the system. This perspective views society as a collection of interrelated parts, each with a specific function that contributes to the whole. By focusing on the roles and functions of different social institutions and structures, functionalism highlights how each part of society works together to maintain social order and equilibrium.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Functionalism correctly emphasizes the contributions made by each part of society to the overall stability and functioning of the system.
Option B: Conflict perspective focuses on the struggle between different social groups and the distribution of resources, rather than the contributions of each part.
Option C: Symbolic interactionism focuses on the meanings individuals derive from social interactions, rather than the contributions of each part of society.
Option D: Latent functions are unintended consequences of social actions, not the primary focus on contributions of each part of society.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 14”

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 14”

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