sociology MCQ questions answers

1451. What is peer pressure?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) The influence that a peer group has on its members to persuade them to perform.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Peer pressure refers to the influence that a peer group has on its members to conform to certain behaviors or attitudes.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse peer pressure with bullying or social exclusion, which are different concepts.

Explanations: Peer pressure is the influence exerted by a peer group to encourage conformity to group norms or behaviors. It is not about physical force or violence, nor is it about excluding someone from a group. The correct answer highlights the persuasive aspect of peer influence.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This describes social exclusion, not peer pressure.
Option B: This correctly defines peer pressure as the influence to conform to group behaviors.
Option C: This describes physical bullying, not peer pressure.
Option D: This describes violence, not peer pressure.

Mnemonic: P-P-P: Peer Pressure Persuades

1452. Which perspective sees society as an integrated whole?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Functionalism.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, Sociology 101, Social Theory Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Functionalism views society as an integrated whole, where each part contributes to the stability and functioning of the entire system.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse functionalism with conflict theory, which focuses on the struggle between different social groups rather than the integration of society.

Explanations: Functionalism sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. Each part of society, such as the family, education, and religion, contributes to the overall functioning of the system. This perspective emphasizes the interdependence of social institutions and the way they maintain social order.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Dramaturgy focuses on social interaction and the presentation of self, not on the integration of society as a whole.
Option B: Conflict Perspective emphasizes the struggle between different social groups and the distribution of resources, not the integration of society.
Option C: Functionalism views society as an integrated whole, where each part contributes to the stability and functioning of the entire system.
Option D: Symbolic Interactionism focuses on the meanings individuals derive from social interaction, not on the integration of society as a whole.

Mnemonic: FITS: Functionalism Integrates The System

1453. What is the first step of the research process?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Define a problem.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The first step in the research process is to define a problem or identify a research question.

Common Mistakes: Students often mistakenly believe that forming a hypothesis is the first step, but it is actually the second step after defining the problem.

Explanations: Defining a problem is the initial step in the research process because it sets the foundation for the entire study. It involves identifying a specific issue or question that needs to be addressed. This step is crucial as it guides the subsequent steps, including the formulation of a hypothesis, data collection, and analysis.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Collecting data is a later step in the research process, not the first.
Option B: Forming a hypothesis comes after defining the problem.
Option C: Defining a problem is the first step in the research process.
Option D: Choosing an experimental design is a step that follows after defining the problem and forming a hypothesis.

1454. Shared products of human groups is .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Culture.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Social and Cultural Anthropology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Culture encompasses the shared products, practices, and beliefs of human groups.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse language or symbols as the sole shared products, overlooking the broader scope of culture.

Explanations: Culture is the comprehensive term that includes language, symbols, norms, and other shared products of human groups. It is a broader concept that encompasses all the elements that define a group's way of life, making it the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Language is a component of culture but not the entire shared product.
Option B: Symbols are also a component of culture but not the entire shared product.
Option C: Culture is the overarching term that includes language, symbols, and norms.
Option D: Norms are part of culture but not the entire shared product.

1455. Who defined sociology as the study of people "doing things together"?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Howard Becker.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, Sociology 101, Social Science Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Sociology is the study of social behavior and human groups. Howard Becker defined sociology as the study of people "doing things together," emphasizing the importance of social interaction and collective behavior.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the contributions of different sociologists, such as Emile Durkheim or Max Weber, who also made significant contributions to the field of sociology.

Explanations: Howard Becker is known for his definition of sociology as the study of people "doing things together." This definition highlights the focus on social interaction and collective behavior, which are central to the field of sociology. This perspective emphasizes the importance of understanding how individuals and groups interact and influence each other in social contexts.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Emile Durkheim is known for his work on social solidarity and the concept of anomie, but he did not define sociology as the study of people "doing things together."
Option B: Max Weber is recognized for his theories on bureaucracy and the Protestant Ethic, but he did not define sociology in the way described in the question.
Option C: Howard Becker defined sociology as the study of people "doing things together," which aligns with the correct answer.
Option D: W.E.B. DuBois is known for his work on race and social inequality, but he did not define sociology as the study of people "doing things together."

1456. Examples of the profane include.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Waking up in the morning, going to college, eating breakfast.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP World History, AP Psychology

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The profane refers to things that are secular or not related to religious or sacred matters.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse profane with negative or immoral actions, which is a common misconception.

Explanations: The profane includes everyday activities that are not religious in nature. Waking up in the morning, going to college, and eating breakfast are all examples of secular activities that do not involve religious practices or beliefs.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. These activities are secular and not related to religious practices.
Option B: Incorrect. Going to the mosque/church and reading religious books are religious activities, which are considered sacred, not profane.
Option C: Incorrect. This option is a combination of the correct and incorrect options, making it incorrect.
Option D: Incorrect. This option suggests that neither set of activities is profane, which is not true for the activities listed in Option A.

1457. A classless society

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Karl Marx.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Political Science exams, Philosophy exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Karl Marx is known for his theory of class struggle and his vision of a classless society as the ultimate goal of human social development.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Karl Marx with other sociologists who have contributed to social theory, such as Max Weber or Auguste Comte.

Explanations: Karl Marx proposed the idea of a classless society as part of his broader critique of capitalism and his vision for a future socialist society. He argued that the elimination of class distinctions would lead to a more equitable distribution of resources and power. This concept is central to Marxist theory and distinguishes Marx from other sociologists like Max Weber, who focused more on the role of social stratification and bureaucracy, or Auguste Comte, who emphasized the importance of positivism and the scientific method in understanding society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Karl Marx is the correct answer as he is known for his theory of a classless society.
Option B: Max Weber is known for his work on bureaucracy and social stratification, not specifically for a classless society.
Option C: Herbert Blumer is associated with symbolic interactionism, not the concept of a classless society.
Option D: Auguste Comte is known for positivism and the scientific method in sociology, not for the idea of a classless society.

1458. A distinct part, especially of society or of a nation's economy

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Sector.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Human Geography

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A sector refers to a distinct part or division, particularly within society or an economy.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse "sector" with "implication," which refers to a suggestion or hint rather than a distinct part.

Explanations: The term "sector" is used to describe a specific part or division within a larger whole, such as a part of society or the economy. This makes it the most appropriate choice for describing a distinct part of society or the economy.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Sector is the correct term for a distinct part of society or the economy.
Option B: Implication refers to a suggestion or hint, not a distinct part.
Option C: Literal means the exact or direct meaning, not a distinct part.
Option D: Anomaly refers to something that deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected, not a distinct part.

1459. Who elects the government?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) People.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, Civil Service Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In democratic systems, the government is elected by the people through a voting process.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the role of the state or society in electing the government, overlooking the direct involvement of the people.

Explanations: The government is elected by the people through a democratic process where citizens cast their votes to choose representatives. This ensures that the government is accountable to the people and reflects their will.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The state does not elect the government; it is a structure within which the government operates.
Option B: The people elect the government through a democratic process.
Option C: Society as a whole does not directly elect the government; it is the individual citizens who vote.
Option D: Caste does not have a direct role in electing the government in modern democratic systems.

Mnemonic: People Power Polls

1460. Durkheim's social factors are based on?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of the above.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Durkheim's theory of social factors emphasizes the role of law, morals, and beliefs in shaping social behavior and cohesion.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that Durkheim's social factors are limited to one aspect, such as law or morals, rather than recognizing the comprehensive nature of his theory.

Explanations: Durkheim's theory of social factors includes law, morals, and beliefs as key components that influence social behavior and cohesion. Law represents the formal rules and regulations that govern society. Morals encompass the ethical and moral norms that guide individual behavior. Beliefs include the shared values and ideologies that underpin social structures. Therefore, all of these elements are integral to Durkheim's theory, making the correct answer "All of the above."

Option Analysis:

Option A: Law is a component of Durkheim's social factors but not the only one.
Option B: Morals are a component of Durkheim's social factors but not the only one.
Option C: Beliefs are a component of Durkheim's social factors but not the only one.
Option D: All of the above correctly encompasses all the components of Durkheim's social factors.

Mnemonic: LMB: Law, Morals, Beliefs

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 146”

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020
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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 146”

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