sociology MCQ questions answers

1471. Tindakan yang membuat kerusakan-kerusakan di dalam masyarakat dengan tujuan menyebarkan rasa takut serta mengancam keselamatan publik disebut .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Terorisme.

Exam Relevance: UN, SBMPTN, Ujian Nasional </

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Terorisme adalah tindakan yang bertujuan untuk menimbulkan rasa takut di masyarakat dengan melakukan kerusakan dan mengancam keselamatan publik.

Common Mistakes: Siswa mungkin salah mengidentifikasi terorisme dengan gangguan umum atau kenakalan remaja, yang tidak memiliki tujuan menyebarkan rasa takut secara sistematis.

Explanations: Terorisme melibatkan tindakan yang merusak dan mengancam keselamatan publik dengan tujuan menyebarkan rasa takut. Ini berbeda dari gangguan atau hambatan yang tidak memiliki tujuan sistematis untuk menimbulkan rasa takut. Kenakalan remaja biasanya tidak melibatkan ancaman terhadap keselamatan publik secara luas.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Hambatan adalah penghalang atau kesulitan, tidak termasuk tujuan menyebarkan rasa takut.
Option B: Gangguan adalah tindakan yang mengganggu ketertiban, tetapi tidak selalu dengan tujuan menyebarkan rasa takut.
Option C: Kenakalan remaja adalah perilaku yang melanggar norma, tetapi biasanya tidak melibatkan ancaman terhadap keselamatan publik secara luas.
Option D: Terorisme adalah tindakan yang merusak dan mengancam keselamatan publik dengan tujuan menyebarkan rasa takut.

Mnemonic: Takut, Rusak, Ancam = TRA

1472. The unintended, largely unnoticed effects that one part of society can cause are its ..... function, and can be either good or bad.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Latent.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Latent functions refer to the unintended and often unrecognized consequences of social actions or structures.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse latent functions with manifest functions, which are the intended and recognized consequences.

Explanations: Latent functions are the unintended and often unrecognized consequences of social actions or structures. They can be either positive or negative. In contrast, manifest functions are the intended and recognized consequences. The question describes unintended and largely unnoticed effects, which align with the definition of latent functions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Manifest functions are the intended and recognized consequences, not the unintended ones.
Option B: Latent functions are the unintended and often unrecognized consequences, fitting the description in the question.
Option C: Secret functions are not a recognized sociological term and do not fit the context.
Option D: Implicit functions are not a recognized sociological term and do not fit the context.

Mnemonic: Latent = Lurking, Unseen

1473. Consider the following Statements: Perspective is a particular point of view. Breaking a folkway usually results in a reprimand or minor punishment. Once participants have started the research study they cannot withdraw unless the researcher gives permission. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Only 1, 2.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, IB Psychology, High School Social Studies

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The correct answer is based on the definitions and implications of the statements provided.

Common Mistakes: Students may incorrectly assume that all statements are true or false without carefully analyzing each one.

Explanations: Statement 1 is true because perspective refers to a particular point of view. Statement 2 is true because breaking a folkway typically results in minor social sanctions like a reprimand. Statement 3 is false because participants in a research study have the right to withdraw at any time without needing the researcher's permission.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct, as statements 1 and 2 are true.
Option B: Incorrect, as statement 3 is false.
Option C: Incorrect, as statement 3 is false.
Option D: Incorrect, as statement 2 is true.

1474. Considered founder of sociology as distinct subject; studied basic issues of order and change

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Auguste Comte.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Auguste Comte is considered the founder of sociology as a distinct academic discipline. He introduced the term "sociology" and studied fundamental issues of social order and change.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Auguste Comte with Herbert Spencer, who also made significant contributions to sociology but did not found the discipline.

Explanations: Auguste Comte is recognized as the founder of sociology as a distinct academic subject. He introduced the term "sociology" and focused on understanding the basic issues of social order and change. Comte's work laid the foundation for the systematic study of society, making him a key figure in the development of sociology as a distinct field of study.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Herbert Spencer made significant contributions to sociology but is not considered the founder of the discipline.
Option B: Auguste Comte is the correct answer as he is recognized as the founder of sociology and studied fundamental issues of social order and change.
Option C: This option is incorrect because only Auguste Comte is considered the founder of sociology.
Option D: This option is incorrect because Auguste Comte is indeed the founder of sociology.

1475. Something that is not morally correct is known as.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Unethical.

Exam Relevance: AP Ethics, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Unethical behavior refers to actions that violate moral principles or societal norms of right and wrong.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse unethical behavior with discrimination or prejudice, which are specific forms of unethical behavior but not the general term for morally incorrect actions.

Explanations: Unethical behavior is a broad term that encompasses any action that is not morally correct. It is the most appropriate term for describing actions that violate moral principles or societal norms of right and wrong. While biased, prejudiced, and discriminatory actions are all forms of unethical behavior, the term "unethical" is the most comprehensive and accurate for describing something that is not morally correct.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Biased refers to a predisposition or prejudice in favor of particular ideas or outcomes, but it does not encompass all forms of morally incorrect behavior.
Option B: Prejudiced refers to a preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or experience, but it is a specific form of unethical behavior and not the general term for morally incorrect actions.
Option C: Unethical refers to actions that violate moral principles or societal norms of right and wrong, making it the most appropriate term for describing something that is not morally correct.
Option D: Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, but it is a specific form of unethical behavior and not the general term for morally incorrect actions.

1476. Substantive definitions of religion.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Focus on the belief in God or the supernatural.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Religious Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Substantive definitions of religion typically emphasize the belief in supernatural beings or a higher power.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse substantive definitions with functional definitions, which focus on the social functions of religion rather than its content.

Explanations: Substantive definitions of religion are concerned with the core beliefs and content of religious systems. They often highlight the belief in God or the supernatural as a central element. This approach views religion as a system of beliefs and practices that involve the supernatural, distinguishing it from other social phenomena.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Interpretivist approaches focus on how individuals interpret and give meaning to religious practices, rather than defining religion based on specific beliefs.
Option B: This is correct because substantive definitions of religion often emphasize the belief in God or the supernatural as a key component.
Option C: Value consensus is more relevant to functional definitions of religion, which focus on the social functions of religion rather than its content.
Option D: This is incorrect because one of the options (B) is correct.

Mnemonic: GODS - God Or Deities, Supernatural

1477. Type of Conformity in which stories of ambiguous origin are used to discourage individuals from participating in dangerous behavior

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Urban Legend.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, AP English Literature, Cultural Anthropology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Urban legends are stories of ambiguous origin that are often used to discourage certain behaviors, especially dangerous ones.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse urban legends with old wives' tales, which are also cautionary stories but typically rooted in folklore and traditional beliefs.

Explanations: Urban legends are cautionary tales that often circulate through informal channels and are used to discourage individuals from engaging in risky or dangerous behaviors. These stories are typically of uncertain origin and are often exaggerated or embellished over time. They serve as a form of social control by instilling fear or caution in the listener.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Urban legends are cautionary tales of uncertain origin used to discourage dangerous behavior.
Option B: Old wives' tales are traditional beliefs and superstitions, often passed down through generations, but not necessarily related to discouraging dangerous behavior.
Option C: Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon where the desire for harmony or conformity in a group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome.
Option D: Peer pressure is the influence from peers that can lead to conformity in behavior, attitudes, or values, but it is not specifically related to stories of ambiguous origin.

1478. The culture within a society have some

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Norms and values.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Social and Cultural Anthropology

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Culture within a society includes both norms and values.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly think that culture only includes norms or only includes values.

Explanations: Culture in a society encompasses both norms and values. Norms are the established standards of behavior that are considered acceptable within a society. Values are the beliefs and principles that guide behavior and are considered important within a society. Together, norms and values shape the cultural framework of a society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Norms alone do not fully capture the cultural framework of a society.
Option B: Values alone do not fully capture the cultural framework of a society.
Option C: Norms and values together provide a comprehensive understanding of the cultural framework of a society.
Option D: This option is incorrect as norms and values are essential components of culture.

1479. What is/are advantages of Ethnocentrism?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Only (A) & (B).

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, LSAT, Civil Service Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Ethnocentrism is the belief in the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or culture. It can lead to national pride and a stable culture, but it can also hinder innovation and openness to new ideas.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that ethnocentrism only has negative consequences, overlooking its potential to foster national pride and cultural stability.

Explanations: Ethnocentrism can foster national pride by promoting a strong sense of identity and unity within a culture. It can also contribute to a stable culture by reinforcing traditional values and practices. However, it does not lead to a lack of invention, as innovation can still occur within a culturally stable environment. Therefore, the advantages of ethnocentrism include national pride and a stable culture.

Option Analysis:

Option A: National Pride is an advantage of ethnocentrism as it promotes a strong sense of identity and unity within a culture.
Option B: Stable Culture is an advantage of ethnocentrism as it reinforces traditional values and practices.
Option C: Lack of invention is not an advantage of ethnocentrism. Innovation can still occur within a culturally stable environment.
Option D: Only (A) & (B) correctly identifies the advantages of ethnocentrism as national pride and a stable culture.

1480. Personality stands for

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Traits and characteristics.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Personality refers to the unique set of traits and characteristics that define an individual's behavior, thoughts, and feelings.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse personality with other psychological concepts such as temperament or behavior.

Explanations: Personality is defined by the consistent patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that characterize an individual. These patterns are often referred to as traits and characteristics. Therefore, the correct answer is traits and characteristics.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Personality is defined by traits and characteristics.
Option B: Incorrect. "Complex and traits" is not a standard definition of personality.
Option C: Incorrect. Cultural lag is a sociological concept unrelated to personality.
Option D: Incorrect. The correct answer is provided in option A.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 148”

Anonymous January 28, 2020
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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020
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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 148”

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