sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

581. Fundamentalism exists

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) In most world religions.

Exam Relevance: GRE, SAT, AP World History, Religious Studies Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Fundamentalism is a movement within a religion that seeks to return to the perceived "fundamentals" of the faith, often rejecting modern interpretations or practices.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that fundamentalism is exclusive to certain religions or regions, rather than recognizing its presence across various faiths.

Explanations: Fundamentalism is not limited to a single religion or geographical area. It exists in various forms within most major world religions, including Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Hinduism. This movement emphasizes strict adherence to traditional beliefs and practices, often in opposition to modern interpretations or secular influences. Therefore, the correct answer is that fundamentalism exists in most world religions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Fundamentalism is not predominantly found only in Islam. It exists in multiple religions.
Option B: While fundamentalism is present in the 'bible belt' of the US, it is not geographically limited to this region.
Option C: Fundamentalism is a phenomenon observed in most major world religions, making this the correct answer.
Option D: Fundamentalism is not exclusive to monotheistic religions; it can be found in polytheistic and other religious traditions as well.

582. The blended family.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Is made up of natural parents stepparents natural children and stepchildren.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Family Studies exams, Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A blended family is a family unit that includes a combination of natural parents, stepparents, natural children, and stepchildren. This type of family structure often arises from remarriages where each partner brings children from previous relationships into the new family unit.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse blended families with nuclear families, which consist only of natural parents and their biological children.

Explanations: A blended family is defined by the presence of both natural and step relationships. It includes natural parents who have children from previous relationships and stepparents who are married to one of the natural parents. The family unit also includes both natural children (biological offspring of the natural parents) and stepchildren (children of the stepparents from previous relationships). This combination of relationships characterizes a blended family.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because a blended family includes stepparents and stepchildren, not just natural parents and children.
Option B: This option is incorrect because a blended family is not synonymous with a childless family. A blended family typically includes children.
Option C: This option is correct because it accurately describes the composition of a blended family, including natural parents, stepparents, natural children, and stepchildren.
Option D: This option is incorrect because the stability of a blended family can vary and is not a defining characteristic.

Mnemonic: Blend = Mix of natural and step

583. What is legitimate power through a leader's personal or emotional appeal?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Charismatic authority.

Exam Relevance: Management exams, Political Science exams, Sociology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Charismatic authority is a form of legitimate power derived from a leader's personal or emotional appeal.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse charismatic authority with traditional or legal-rational authority, which are based on different foundations.

Explanations: Charismatic authority is based on a leader's personal qualities, such as charm, vision, or emotional appeal, which inspire followers. This form of power is distinct from traditional authority, which is based on long-standing customs and norms, and legal-rational authority, which is based on formal rules and procedures. Therefore, the correct answer is charismatic authority.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Traditional authority is based on long-standing customs and norms, not personal appeal.
Option B: Legal-rational authority is based on formal rules and procedures, not personal appeal.
Option C: Charismatic authority is based on a leader's personal or emotional appeal, making it the correct answer.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect as charismatic authority is a recognized form of legitimate power.

584. One example of Structured Interview is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) A job interview.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, Civil Services Exam

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A structured interview is a formal process where predetermined questions are asked in a specific order to all candidates. This ensures consistency and fairness in the evaluation process.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse a structured interview with an unstructured interview, where questions are more open-ended and not predetermined.

Explanations: A job interview is an example of a structured interview because it typically involves a set of predetermined questions asked in a specific order to all candidates. This ensures that each candidate is evaluated under the same conditions, making the process fair and consistent.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A chat show is not a structured interview because it is typically more informal and does not follow a predetermined set of questions.
Option B: A job interview is a structured interview because it involves a set of predetermined questions asked in a specific order to all candidates.
Option C: This option is incorrect because a chat show is not a structured interview.
Option D: This option is incorrect because a job interview is indeed a structured interview.

Mnemonic: Job Interview = Structured Script

585. Testable statement of relationships among variables

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Hypothesis.

Exam Relevance: AP Statistics, GRE Psychology, MCAT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A hypothesis is a testable statement that proposes a relationship between variables.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse a hypothesis with a correlation, which only indicates a relationship without proposing causation.

Explanations: A hypothesis is a testable statement that proposes a relationship between variables. It is formulated to be tested through experiments or data analysis. Correlation, on the other hand, only indicates a relationship between variables without proposing causation. Variables are the elements that can change in an experiment, and population refers to the entire group of interest in a study.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. A hypothesis is a testable statement of relationships among variables.
Option B: Incorrect. Correlation indicates a relationship between variables but does not propose causation.
Option C: Incorrect. A variable is an element that can change in an experiment, not a statement of relationships.
Option D: Incorrect. Population refers to the entire group of interest in a study, not a statement of relationships.

Mnemonic: Hypothesis: "H" for "Hunch" - a testable hunch about variable relationships.

586. Crowds may engage in unpredictable behavior because.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) BOTH they are temporary and individuals are anonymous.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, LSAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Crowds can exhibit unpredictable behavior due to the temporary nature of the group and the anonymity of individuals within it.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the combined effect of both factors and choose only one of the options.

Explanations: Crowds are often temporary gatherings, which means the group dynamics can change rapidly. Additionally, individuals within a crowd can remain anonymous, leading to a sense of reduced personal accountability. Both these factors contribute to unpredictable behavior. The temporary nature of the crowd means that the group's composition and interactions can vary, while anonymity allows individuals to act in ways they might not in a more identifiable setting.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Temporary nature of crowds can contribute to unpredictability, but it is not the sole factor.
Option B: Anonymity within crowds can lead to unpredictable behavior, but it is not the only factor.
Option C: While individuals can be unpredictable, the context of crowds introduces additional factors like anonymity and temporary nature.
Option D: Both the temporary nature and anonymity of individuals in crowds contribute to unpredictable behavior, making this the correct answer.

587. Nonmaterial culture is defined as :

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Ideas, attitudes, and beliefs of a society.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Nonmaterial culture refers to the intangible aspects of a society, such as ideas, attitudes, and beliefs.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse nonmaterial culture with material culture, which includes physical objects and artifacts.

Explanations: Nonmaterial culture encompasses the abstract elements that shape a society's way of life, including its values, norms, and beliefs. These elements are not physical but are essential for understanding the cultural framework of a society. Therefore, the correct answer is the ideas, attitudes, and beliefs of a society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option refers to material culture, which includes physical objects and belongings, not the intangible aspects of culture.
Option B: This option correctly identifies nonmaterial culture as the ideas, attitudes, and beliefs that form the cultural framework of a society.
Option C: While values and norms are part of nonmaterial culture, this option is too narrow and does not fully encompass the broader concept of nonmaterial culture.
Option D: This option is incorrect as one of the provided options is correct.

588. Consider the following Statements: , in order to meet the communication needs of socialization. It has to be verbal When conducting research, sociologists must always consider the ethical implications of their research methods. "Race" is not science-based. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Only 2, 3.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, GRE Sociology, Sociology Final Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The correct answer is based on the understanding of sociological research ethics and the concept of race in sociology.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that verbal communication is essential for socialization, which is not necessarily true.

Explanations: Statement 2 is true because sociologists must always consider the ethical implications of their research methods to ensure the protection of participants and the integrity of the research. Statement 3 is true because "race" is a social construct and not a scientifically based category. Statement 1 is false because socialization can occur through various forms of communication, not just verbal.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because statement 1 is false.
Option B: Incorrect because statement 1 is false.
Option C: Incorrect because statement 1 is false.
Option D: Correct because statements 2 and 3 are true.

589. Charismatic leaders build a following based upon which of the following?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Personal qualities.

Exam Relevance: Organizational Behavior, Leadership Studies, Psychology Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Charismatic leaders are known for their ability to inspire and influence others through their personal qualities and traits.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse charismatic leadership with other forms of leadership, such as transactional or transformational leadership, which rely more on structured methods and rational arguments.

Explanations: Charismatic leaders build a following based on their personal qualities, such as their vision, confidence, and ability to connect with others on an emotional level. These leaders often have a strong presence and can inspire loyalty and commitment from their followers. The other options do not align with the core concept of charismatic leadership, which is centered on the leader's personal attributes and the emotional connection they establish with their followers.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Traditional authority is based on established customs and norms, not personal qualities.
Option B: Rational argument is a method of persuasion based on logic and evidence, not personal qualities.
Option C: Personal qualities are the foundation of charismatic leadership, as these leaders rely on their unique traits to inspire and influence others.
Option D: Collective wealth is not a factor in building a following for charismatic leaders, who focus on personal qualities and emotional connections.

590. Which social group does the term below belongs to?groupmates in a month activity/ project

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Secondary.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology, Sociology Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Social groups can be categorized into primary and secondary groups. Primary groups are characterized by close, personal, and long-term relationships, such as family and close friends. Secondary groups are more formal and impersonal, often formed for specific purposes or activities, such as work colleagues or groupmates in a project.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse primary and secondary groups, often thinking that any group of people is a primary group due to the personal nature of the relationships within it.

Explanations: Groupmates in a month activity or project are part of a secondary group. This is because the relationships formed are typically more formal and impersonal, and the group is formed for a specific purpose or activity rather than for long-term, close personal relationships.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Primary groups are characterized by close, personal, and long-term relationships, which do not fit the description of groupmates in a month activity/project.
Option B: Secondary groups are more formal and impersonal, often formed for specific purposes or activities, fitting the description of groupmates in a month activity/project.
Option C: Reference groups are those to which an individual compares themselves, not necessarily a group formed for a specific activity.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the term clearly fits into one of the defined social group categories.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 59”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 59”

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