sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

591. What term is defined as the learned values, norms, and customs of people?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Culture.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Culture refers to the learned values, norms, and customs of a group of people.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse culture with sociology, which is the study of society and social behavior.

Explanations: Culture encompasses the shared beliefs, values, and practices that are learned and transmitted among members of a society. This includes norms, customs, and values that guide behavior and social interactions. Therefore, the term that best fits the definition of learned values, norms, and customs of people is culture.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women. It does not encompass the broader learned values, norms, and customs of a society.
Option B: Sociology is the study of society and social behavior. It is not the learned values, norms, and customs themselves but rather the academic discipline that examines these aspects.
Option C: Social facts are societal norms, values, and structures that exist independently of individual actions. While related, they do not fully encompass the learned values, norms, and customs of a society.
Option D: Culture is the correct term for the learned values, norms, and customs of a group of people.

592. Redistributing money among various segments of society is known as .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Transfer Payments.

Exam Relevance: Economics exams, Public Policy exams, Finance exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Transfer payments are government payments to individuals or households that do not require any goods or services in return. These payments are often used to redistribute money among various segments of society.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse transfer payments with taxes, which are payments made to the government, or with welfare, which is a broader term that includes various forms of government assistance.

Explanations: Transfer payments are a form of government expenditure where money is transferred from one group to another without any exchange of goods or services. This process is used to redistribute wealth and support various segments of society, such as the elderly, unemployed, or low-income families. The term "transfer payments" accurately describes this redistribution mechanism.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Taxes are payments made to the government and do not involve redistribution among individuals.
Option B: Welfare is a broader term that includes various forms of government assistance, but it is not specifically about the redistribution mechanism.
Option C: Transfer payments are the correct term for the redistribution of money among various segments of society.
Option D: Stimulus refers to government actions aimed at boosting economic activity, not specifically redistribution.

593. What is cultural pluralism?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) It recognizes immigrants' desire to maintain at least a remnant of their "old" ways.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Cultural pluralism is a concept that acknowledges and respects the diversity of different cultural groups within a society, allowing them to maintain their unique cultural identities.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse cultural pluralism with assimilation, where immigrants are expected to fully adopt the dominant culture.

Explanations: Cultural pluralism recognizes the value of cultural diversity and supports the idea that immigrants can maintain aspects of their original culture while integrating into the new society. This approach respects the immigrants' desire to preserve their cultural heritage, which is why option B is correct.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This describes a subculture, not cultural pluralism.
Option B: This correctly defines cultural pluralism as recognizing the desire of immigrants to maintain aspects of their original culture.
Option C: This describes a justification for unethical behavior, which is unrelated to cultural pluralism.
Option D: This focuses on the negative aspects of prejudice and discrimination, not the concept of cultural pluralism.

594. What does it mean to be Objective?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) To remain neutral when conducting your research.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Being objective means maintaining a neutral stance and avoiding personal biases during research.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse objectivity with ignoring previous research, which is incorrect.

Explanations: To be objective, one must remain neutral and avoid letting personal beliefs influence the research conclusions. This ensures that the research findings are based on evidence rather than personal opinions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This is incorrect because using personal beliefs to determine research conclusions introduces bias, which is the opposite of being objective.
Option B: This is correct because remaining neutral is the essence of objectivity in research.
Option C: This is incorrect because ignoring previous research can lead to redundant or flawed studies, and does not ensure objectivity.
Option D: This is incorrect because one of the provided options (B) is correct.

595. The current Palestinians are a.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Nation without a state.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, IAS, Civil Service Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Palestinians are recognized as a distinct nation with a shared culture, language, and history, but they do not have a sovereign state.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the concept of a nation with that of a state, leading to incorrect selection of options.

Explanations: The Palestinians are considered a nation due to their shared cultural, linguistic, and historical identity. However, they do not have a sovereign state recognized by the international community. This makes them a nation without a state, which is the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because the Palestinians are not a state without a nation; they are a nation without a state.
Option B: This option is correct because the Palestinians are a distinct nation without a sovereign state.
Option C: This option is incorrect because the Palestinians are not split among several states; they are a single nation without a state.
Option D: This option is incorrect because the Palestinians are not a state split among several nations; they are a nation without a state.

Mnemonic: NOS - Nation, Only Stateless

596. This sociological perspective believes that because individuals are socialized at varying degrees it can perpetuate social inequality.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Conflict.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Social Inequality exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The conflict perspective in sociology emphasizes the role of power and inequality in society. It argues that socialization can perpetuate social inequality by socializing individuals differently based on their social status.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the conflict perspective with the functionalist perspective, which views socialization as a means to maintain social order and stability.

Explanations: The conflict perspective in sociology focuses on the ways in which socialization can perpetuate social inequality. According to this perspective, individuals from different social classes or statuses are socialized differently, which can lead to unequal opportunities and outcomes. This perspective highlights the role of power dynamics and social stratification in shaping socialization processes, thereby perpetuating inequality.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The functionalist perspective views socialization as a mechanism to maintain social stability and cohesion, not as a source of inequality.
Option B: The conflict perspective emphasizes the role of power and inequality in socialization processes, making it the correct answer.
Option C: The interactionist perspective focuses on the meanings and symbols individuals use in social interactions, rather than on social inequality.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the conflict perspective is the correct answer.

597. Characteristic of cultural lag is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) None of these.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Cultural lag refers to the delay in the adjustment of non-material culture to material culture changes. It is a sociological concept that describes the time it takes for social norms, values, and institutions to catch up with technological and economic advancements.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse cultural lag with other sociological concepts such as cultural diffusion or cultural relativism, leading to incorrect answers.

Explanations: Cultural lag is a complex sociological phenomenon that does not fit neatly into simple, well-defined, or effective categories. It is a nuanced concept that describes the mismatch between material and non-material culture, which is why the correct answer is "None of these."

Option Analysis:

Option A: Cultural lag is not necessarily effective, as it describes a delay or mismatch rather than an efficient process.
Option B: Cultural lag is not simple, as it involves complex interactions between material and non-material culture.
Option C: Cultural lag is not well-defined, as it is a broad concept that can vary in its manifestations and impacts.
Option D: None of these accurately describes the nature of cultural lag, which is why this is the correct answer.

598. Consider the following Statements: Sociological imagination is what Sociologists use to imagine what could happen in the future Race is a group of people who share observable physical traits and whom others see as belonging to a distinct group. Durkheim believes that society is limited to specific individual actions. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Only 2,.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Theory exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Sociological imagination involves understanding the relationship between individual experiences and larger social forces. Race is defined by observable physical traits and social perceptions. Durkheim's view is that society is more than the sum of individual actions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse sociological imagination with predicting the future, which is not accurate. They might also misinterpret Durkheim's theory as limiting society to individual actions, which is incorrect.

Explanations: The correct answer is that only statement 2 is true. Statement 1 is incorrect because sociological imagination is not about imagining the future but understanding the interplay between personal experiences and societal structures. Statement 2 correctly defines race as a group of people sharing observable physical traits and perceived as distinct. Statement 3 is incorrect because Durkheim's theory emphasizes that society is more than the sum of individual actions, not limited to them.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct, as only statement 2 is true.
Option B: Incorrect, as statement 1 is false.
Option C: Incorrect, as both statements 1 and 3 are false.
Option D: Incorrect, as statement 3 is false.

599. Which of these is not an example of a qualitative research method?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Survey research.

Exam Relevance: Research Methods in Psychology, Sociology Research Methods, Qualitative Research Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Qualitative research methods involve collecting non-numerical data to understand concepts, thoughts, or experiences. Survey research typically involves collecting numerical data, making it a quantitative method.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse survey research with qualitative methods if they focus on the open-ended questions in surveys rather than the overall quantitative nature of the data collected.

Explanations: Survey research is not an example of a qualitative research method because it primarily involves collecting numerical data, which is characteristic of quantitative research. Qualitative research methods, such as ethnography, focus groups, and biographical research, involve collecting non-numerical data to understand concepts, thoughts, or experiences.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Survey research is a quantitative method, not qualitative.
Option B: Ethnography is a qualitative method involving the study of people and cultures.
Option C: Focus groups are qualitative methods used to gather opinions and attitudes.
Option D: Biographical research is a qualitative method that involves studying the life of an individual.

600. Karl Pearson said "The unity of all science consists alone in its methods not in its material It relates to the importance of.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Scientific method.

Exam Relevance: GRE, MCAT, General Science Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Karl Pearson emphasized the importance of the scientific method in unifying all scientific disciplines.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the unity of science with the material or content of science rather than the method.

Explanations: Karl Pearson's statement highlights that the unity of all science lies in the methods used, not in the material or content of the sciences. The scientific method, which includes systematic observation, measurement, experimentation, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses, is a common thread across all scientific disciplines. This method ensures a consistent and rigorous approach to scientific inquiry, making it the unifying factor in science.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Scientific research is a broader term that includes the application of the scientific method but does not specifically address the unity of science.
Option B: The scientific method is the correct answer as it is the unifying factor across all scientific disciplines.
Option C: Science unity is a concept but does not specify the method as the unifying factor.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the scientific method is the correct answer.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 60”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 60”

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