sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

601. Which of the following is NOT a method people use to determine class in the United States?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Wealth Method.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The question asks about methods used to determine class in the United States. The correct answer is the Wealth Method, which is not a recognized method for determining class.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that wealth is a primary method for determining class, but the question specifies that it is not a recognized method.

Explanations: In the context of class determination in the United States, the recognized methods include the Subjective Method, the Objective Method, and the Reputation Method. The Wealth Method is not a recognized method for determining class, making it the correct answer to the question.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Wealth Method is not a recognized method for determining class in the United States.
Option B: Subjective Method is a recognized method for determining class based on self-identification.
Option C: Objective Method is a recognized method for determining class based on observable criteria such as income, education, and occupation.
Option D: Reputation Method is a recognized method for determining class based on social status and public perception.

602. Those that have the most wealth, prestige and privileges and are able to constrain the less powerful.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Conflict theory.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Political Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Conflict theory focuses on the distribution of power and resources within society, emphasizing the struggle between different groups.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse conflict theory with functionalism, which views society as a system of interdependent parts working together.

Explanations: Conflict theory posits that society is characterized by inequality and conflict between groups with different levels of power and resources. The wealthy, prestigious, and privileged groups are seen as those who have the power to constrain and control the less powerful. This aligns with the description provided in the question.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Conflict theory focuses on the power dynamics and conflicts between different social groups.
Option B: Incorrect. Symbolic interactionism focuses on the meanings individuals derive from social interactions, not on power dynamics.
Option C: Incorrect. Functionalism emphasizes the stability and interdependence of social institutions, not the conflict between groups.
Option D: Incorrect. The correct answer is provided among the options.

603. Believed social scientists should try to change the world not merely study it.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Karl Marx.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Political Science exams, Philosophy exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Karl Marx believed that social scientists should not only study society but also work towards changing it to achieve a more equitable world.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Karl Marx with other social theorists who also had significant impacts on social science, such as Max Weber or W.E.B. Du Bois.

Explanations: Karl Marx is known for his critical theory and his belief that social scientists should actively engage in changing society rather than merely observing it. His work emphasized the need for social scientists to understand and critique the structures of power and inequality, and to work towards a more just society. This aligns with the statement that social scientists should try to change the world, not merely study it.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Max Weber focused more on understanding the rationalization of society and the role of ideas in shaping social structures, rather than actively changing society.
Option B: W.E.B. Du Bois was a prominent sociologist and civil rights activist who advocated for social change, but the specific claim aligns more closely with Karl Marx's philosophy.
Option C: Karl Marx believed that social scientists should actively work towards changing society to achieve a more equitable world, which matches the statement.
Option D: This option is incorrect as Karl Marx is the correct answer.

604. Two basic types of economic systems distinguish contemporary industrial societies.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Capitalism and socialism.

Exam Relevance: AP Economics, IB Economics, SAT Subject Test in Economics

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Capitalism and socialism are two primary economic systems that distinguish contemporary industrial societies.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse communism with socialism, as both advocate for some form of collective ownership, but they differ in their implementation and goals.

Explanations: Capitalism is an economic system where private individuals or businesses own the means of production and operate for profit. Socialism, on the other hand, emphasizes collective or state ownership of the means of production and aims to distribute resources more equitably. These two systems represent the fundamental economic ideologies that shape industrial societies today.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, as communism is not a basic type of economic system in contemporary industrial societies.
Option B: Correct, as capitalism and socialism are the two primary economic systems that distinguish contemporary industrial societies.
Option C: Incorrect, as communism is not a basic type of economic system in contemporary industrial societies.
Option D: Incorrect, as dictatorships are a form of political governance, not an economic system.

605. Which of the following argued that a capitalist society has a dominant ideology that serves the interests of the ruling class?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Karl Marx.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Political Science exams, Philosophy exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Karl Marx argued that in a capitalist society, the dominant ideology serves the interests of the ruling class.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Karl Marx with other sociologists who have different theories about ideology and class.

Explanations: Karl Marx's theory of ideology posits that the ruling class in a capitalist society creates and maintains an ideology that justifies and perpetuates their dominance. This dominant ideology serves to maintain the status quo and the interests of the ruling class, often at the expense of the working class. This concept is central to Marx's critique of capitalism and his analysis of class struggle.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Max Weber focused on the role of ideas and values in social action, but did not specifically argue that ideology serves the interests of the ruling class in the same way Marx did.
Option B: Talcott Parsons emphasized functionalism and social equilibrium, but did not focus on the concept of dominant ideology serving the ruling class.
Option C: Karl Marx argued that the dominant ideology in a capitalist society serves the interests of the ruling class, aligning with the correct answer.
Option D: Margaret Mead focused on cultural anthropology and the study of culture, not on the concept of dominant ideology in capitalist societies.

606. The Holocaust is an example of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Genocide.

Exam Relevance: AP World History, AP European History, IB History

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Genocide refers to the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse genocide with other forms of mass violence or human rights violations, such as cultural diffusion or stereotyping.

Explanations: The Holocaust involved the systematic extermination of six million Jews and other targeted groups by the Nazi regime. This aligns with the definition of genocide, which is the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The Holocaust is an example of genocide, as it involved the systematic extermination of Jews and other groups.
Option B: Incorrect. Cultural pluralism refers to the coexistence of multiple cultures within a society, which is not relevant to the Holocaust.
Option C: Incorrect. Cultural diffusion is the spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another, which is not related to the Holocaust.
Option D: Incorrect. Stereotyping involves making assumptions about a group based on preconceived notions, which does not encompass the systematic extermination involved in the Holocaust.

Mnemonic: G: Genocide, H: Holocaust

607. The process of running schools like businesses by creating competition between them e.g. through league tables and Ofsted reports

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Marketisation.

Exam Relevance: Public Policy, Education Studies, Sociology of Education

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Marketisation refers to the process of applying market principles to public services, such as education, to increase competition and efficiency.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse marketisation with meritocracy, which focuses on rewarding individuals based on their abilities and achievements rather than applying market principles.

Explanations: Marketisation involves treating schools as businesses, creating competition through mechanisms like league tables and Ofsted reports. This approach aims to improve educational standards by fostering competition and accountability, similar to how businesses compete in a market.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correspondence does not relate to the concept of treating schools like businesses through competition.
Option B: Meritocracy focuses on rewarding individuals based on merit, not on applying market principles to schools.
Option C: Competitive prices are a concept from economics and do not directly apply to the educational context described.
Option D: Marketisation correctly describes the process of applying market principles to schools to create competition and improve performance.

Mnemonic: Marketisation: Market + Education = Competition

608. Which of the following is the fastest growing minority group in the United States?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Latino.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Latino population in the United States has been growing rapidly due to high birth rates and immigration.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the fastest growing group with the largest group, which is not the same.

Explanations: The Latino population in the United States has been growing at a faster rate compared to other minority groups. This growth is primarily due to high birth rates and significant immigration from Latin American countries. Therefore, the Latino population is the fastest growing minority group in the United States.

Option Analysis:

Option A: African-American population growth is significant but not as rapid as the Latino population.
Option B: Asian-American population growth is also notable but not as fast as the Latino population.
Option C: Latino population growth is the fastest among the listed options.
Option D: Native American population growth is slower compared to the Latino population.

Mnemonic: L - Latino, L - Largest growth

609. Disney, Comcast, Time Warner & CBS are examples of:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Media consolidation that has led to oligopoly.

Exam Relevance: Economics exams, Business Management exams, Media Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Media consolidation refers to the process where a few large companies acquire smaller media outlets, leading to a concentration of media ownership. An oligopoly is a market structure where a small number of firms have the majority of market share.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse oligopoly with monopoly, where a single entity controls the market, rather than a few dominant players.

Explanations: Disney, Comcast, Time Warner, and CBS are examples of large media companies that have acquired numerous smaller media outlets. This consolidation has resulted in a market where a few dominant players control a significant portion of the media industry, fitting the definition of an oligopoly. The term "monopoly" would be incorrect as it implies a single entity controls the market, which is not the case here.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect as it refers to the revival of Luddites, which are historical figures who opposed technological change, not relevant to media consolidation.
Option B: This option is incorrect because a monopoly implies a single entity controls the market, which is not the case with these companies.
Option C: This option is incorrect as technological diffusion refers to the spread of technology, not the concentration of media ownership.
Option D: This option is correct as it accurately describes the situation where a few large companies dominate the media market, fitting the definition of an oligopoly.

610. Even though Stephan studied hard during the first semester of chemistry class, he still received a D. During the second semester, he decided it was hopeless and quit studying. Which of the following best describes his behavior?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Retreatism.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Social Work exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Retreatism is a sociological concept where an individual withdraws from society and its norms, often as a response to perceived failure or disappointment.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse retreatism with rebellion, which involves active opposition to societal norms rather than withdrawal.

Explanations: Stephan's behavior of giving up on studying after receiving a poor grade and deciding it was hopeless aligns with retreatism. He is withdrawing from the academic expectations and norms, rather than continuing to engage or rebel against them.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Innovation involves creating new ideas or methods, which does not fit Stephan's behavior.
Option B: Rebellion involves actively opposing societal norms, which Stephan is not doing.
Option C: Ritualism involves adhering to routines without questioning their value, which does not describe Stephan's actions.
Option D: Retreatism involves withdrawing from societal expectations, which accurately describes Stephan's behavior.

Mnemonic: R-E-T-R-E-A-T: Retreat from expectations and norms.

⬅ Previous SetSet 61Next Set ➡

3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 61”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

It is the best app in the world …..but sir hindi medium walo ke liye problem hai…..gyan ke mamle me ye ganga ki tarh hai
ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

send me sociology mcq pdf
SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

Please send sociology mcq e book,,,, thank you,,,

3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 61”

Leave a Reply