sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

611. A process by which there is transfer of results of labour of one social group to benefit another is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Exploitation.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, GMAT, LSAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Exploitation refers to the process where one social group benefits from the labor or resources of another group without fair compensation or recognition.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse exploitation with social mobility, which involves movement between social classes, or with radicalization, which involves the process of adopting extreme political or religious ideologies.

Explanations: Exploitation is the correct answer because it specifically describes the transfer of labor results from one social group to another, often without fair compensation. This concept aligns with the definition provided in the question, where one group benefits at the expense of another.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Exploitation is the correct answer as it involves the transfer of labor results from one group to another without fair compensation.
Option B: Existential inequality refers to inherent differences in opportunities and resources, not the transfer of labor results.
Option C: Radicalization involves adopting extreme ideologies, not the transfer of labor results.
Option D: Social mobility refers to the movement between social classes, not the transfer of labor results.

Mnemonic: E for Exploitation, E for Exploitation of Effort.

612. An example of polytheism is.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Hinduism.

Exam Relevance: World Religions, AP World History, Religious Studies

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Polytheism is the belief in or worship of multiple gods or deities.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse polytheism with monotheism, which is the belief in one god.

Explanations: Hinduism is an example of polytheism because it involves the worship of multiple deities. Hinduism has a vast pantheon of gods and goddesses, each with their own attributes and roles. This makes it a polytheistic religion.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Hinduism is polytheistic, as it involves the worship of multiple deities.
Option B: Christianity is monotheistic, believing in one God.
Option C: Buddhism is generally non-theistic, focusing more on the teachings of the Buddha rather than the worship of deities.
Option D: Zoroastrianism is monotheistic, with a belief in one supreme god, Ahura Mazda.

Mnemonic: Hinduism: Many Gods, One Truth

613. From a sociological perspective, what can wealth do to rich people?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Insulate them from the realities of life for poor people.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Wealth can create a social and economic barrier that prevents rich people from experiencing or understanding the challenges faced by those who are less fortunate.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that wealth directly affects physical health or personal importance, rather than social perception and understanding.

Explanations: Wealth can create a social and economic barrier that insulates rich people from the realities of life for poor people. This insulation can manifest in various ways, such as living in different neighborhoods, attending different schools, and having different social networks. As a result, rich people may not have direct experiences or interactions with the challenges faced by the poor, leading to a lack of understanding and empathy.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Wealth does not cause brain damage. This option is incorrect as it is not supported by sociological research.
Option B: Wealth does not directly insulate individuals from illness. While wealth can provide better access to healthcare, it does not prevent illness entirely.
Option C: Wealth can create a social and economic barrier that insulates rich people from the realities of life for poor people. This is the correct answer as it aligns with sociological perspectives on wealth and social stratification.
Option D: While wealth can lead to an exaggerated sense of importance, this is not the primary sociological effect of wealth on rich people. The correct answer focuses on the insulation from the realities of life for poor people.

614. What is Informal Sanction

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Rewards or punishments given by most people.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Psychology exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Informal sanctions are social rewards or punishments that are not officially codified but are widely recognized and practiced within a society or group.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse informal sanctions with formal sanctions, which are imposed by individuals with official authority.

Explanations: Informal sanctions are social norms that are enforced by the general population rather than by formal institutions. These sanctions can include social approval or disapproval, praise or criticism, and other forms of social reinforcement. They are not imposed by individuals with special authority but rather by the collective behavior of the community.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Informal sanctions are indeed rewards or punishments given by most people within a social group.
Option B: Incorrect. This describes formal sanctions, which are imposed by individuals with special authority.
Option C: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as the correct answer is only Option A.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as Option A is the correct answer.

615. Ethnomethodologists explore ..... assumptions about how the world operates that underlie our behavior.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Background.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Ethnomethodologists study the underlying assumptions that people use to make sense of their social world and guide their actions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse background assumptions with more explicit, foregrounded beliefs or written rules.

Explanations: Ethnomethodologists focus on the implicit, taken-for-granted assumptions that individuals rely on in their everyday interactions. These background assumptions are not explicitly stated but are crucial for understanding and participating in social life. They form the basis for how people interpret and act within social situations.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Background assumptions are the implicit, taken-for-granted beliefs that guide behavior.
Option B: Incorrect. Written assumptions refer to explicit, documented rules or beliefs, which are not the focus of ethnomethodology.
Option C: Incorrect. Legal assumptions pertain to formal laws and regulations, which are not the primary interest of ethnomethodologists.
Option D: Incorrect. Foreground assumptions are explicit and conscious beliefs, which do not align with the ethnomethodological focus on implicit, background assumptions.

Mnemonic: BAG: Background Assumptions Guide

616. Consider the following Statements: People require both the "I" and "me" aspects of the self. Conflict cannot be positive. Manifest function is Unintended and unrecognized consequence of an element of society. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Only 1,.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The correct answer is based on the understanding of self-concept in sociology and the nature of conflict and manifest functions.

Common Mistakes: Students may incorrectly assume that conflict can never be positive, or that manifest functions are always intended.

Explanations: The first statement is true because the "I" and "me" aspects of the self are essential components of self-concept, as proposed by George Herbert Mead. The "I" represents the spontaneous and creative aspect of the self, while the "me" represents the socially learned aspect. Both are necessary for a complete self-concept. The second statement is false because conflict can be positive. Conflict can lead to growth, change, and resolution of underlying issues, which can be beneficial for individuals and society. The third statement is false because manifest functions are the intended and recognized consequences of an element of society, not the unintended and unrecognized ones. Unintended and unrecognized consequences are referred to as latent functions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect because the second statement is false.
Option B: Correct because only the first statement is true.
Option C: Incorrect because the second and third statements are false.
Option D: Incorrect because the second and third statements are false.

617. Stereotyping is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Making a prejudiced generalization about a group of ppl.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Stereotyping involves making a prejudiced generalization about a group of people based on preconceived notions or oversimplified ideas.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse stereotyping with discrimination, which involves acting on prejudiced beliefs.

Explanations: Stereotyping is defined as making a prejudiced generalization about a group of people. This means forming an opinion or belief about a group based on oversimplified or preconceived notions, rather than individual characteristics. The other options do not accurately define stereotyping.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option describes a behavior related to discrimination, not stereotyping.
Option B: This option correctly defines stereotyping as making a prejudiced generalization about a group of people.
Option C: This option is incorrect because stereotyping can be both negative and positive, though it is often associated with negative connotations.
Option D: This option confuses stereotyping with cultural appropriation, which involves adopting elements of another culture in a way that can be disrespectful or exploitative.

618. Social Darwinism; only the best aspects of society survive

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Spencer.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Theory exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Herbert Spencer was a prominent social theorist who applied Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection to society, suggesting that only the fittest aspects of society would survive.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Spencer with other social theorists like Durkheim or Comte, who had different perspectives on social evolution and structure.

Explanations: Herbert Spencer is known for his theory of Social Darwinism, which posits that societal evolution follows the same principles as biological evolution. He argued that only the strongest and most adaptable aspects of society would survive and thrive, while weaker elements would be eliminated. This aligns with the concept of "only the best aspects of society survive."

Option Analysis:

Option A: Durkheim focused on social solidarity and the division of labor, not on the survival of the fittest.
Option B: Spencer is correctly associated with Social Darwinism, which emphasizes the survival of the fittest in society.
Option C: Comte is known for positivism and the idea of social progress through scientific methods, not survival of the fittest.
Option D: Weber focused on the role of ideas and institutions in shaping society, not on the survival of the fittest.

Mnemonic: Survival of the fittest, Spencer's spin.

619. Which of the following is a Macro level question?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Is there social inequality between men and women?

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Macro level questions address broad societal issues and patterns that affect large groups of people.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse macro level questions with micro level questions, which focus on individual or small group behaviors.

Explanations: The question "Is there social inequality between men and women?" is a macro level question because it examines a broad societal issue that affects large groups of people. It addresses a systemic issue rather than an individual or small group behavior.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This question is micro level as it focuses on specific traditions of two universities.
Option B: This question is micro level as it focuses on the behavior of staff in a specific school.
Option C: This question is micro level as it focuses on the behavior of a specific religious group.
Option D: This question is macro level as it addresses a broad societal issue affecting large groups of people.

Mnemonic: Macro = Many, Massive, Major

620. In Pakistan society no laws were made for the protection of elderly citizens The major cause was the belief.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) The sons are responsible.

Exam Relevance: SAT, AP World History, IB Global Politics

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The belief that sons are responsible for the care of elderly parents is deeply ingrained in many traditional societies, including Pakistan. This belief can lead to a lack of formal legal protections for the elderly, as the responsibility is assumed to fall on the family, particularly the sons.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that the lack of laws is due to a general disregard for the elderly, rather than a specific cultural belief about family responsibility.

Explanations: In Pakistan, the cultural norm is that sons are primarily responsible for the care and support of their elderly parents. This belief is so strong that it has influenced the lack of formal legal protections for the elderly. The assumption is that sons will provide the necessary care and support, making formal laws unnecessary. This cultural belief is a significant factor in the absence of specific laws for the protection of elderly citizens.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option suggests that elderly citizens can look after themselves, which is not the primary cultural belief in Pakistan regarding the care of the elderly.
Option B: This option correctly identifies the cultural belief that sons are responsible for the care of elderly parents, which is a significant reason for the lack of formal legal protections.
Option C: While daughters may also play a role in caring for elderly parents, the primary cultural responsibility is placed on sons, not daughters.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the belief that sons are responsible is a valid and significant reason for the lack of laws.

Mnemonic: Sons Support Seniors

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 62”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 62”

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