sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

621. When a criminal commits more criminal acts after getting out of prison, that is an example of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Recidivism.

Exam Relevance: Criminology Exams, Criminal Justice Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Recidivism refers to the tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse recidivism with rehabilitation, which is the process of reforming a criminal to prevent reoffending.

Explanations: Recidivism is the correct term for when a criminal commits more criminal acts after being released from prison. It describes the pattern of reoffending, which is the scenario described in the question.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Ritualism is not related to criminal behavior patterns and is incorrect.
Option B: Recidivism is the correct term for reoffending after release from prison.
Option C: White collar crime refers to non-violent crimes committed by professionals, which is not relevant to the question.
Option D: Rehabilitation is the process of reforming a criminal, not the act of reoffending.

Mnemonic: R for Recidivism, R for Reoffending.

622. The shift form civil religion to common religion means that.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Despite the weakening of traditional authority our everyday lives and common sense remain shaped by religious beliefs and values.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Religious Studies exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The shift from civil religion to common religion indicates a change in how religious influence is perceived and experienced in society.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse civil religion with the formal practice of religion, overlooking the subtle influence of religious values in everyday life.

Explanations: The correct answer highlights that even as traditional religious institutions and authorities have weakened, religious beliefs and values continue to shape the common sense and daily lives of individuals. This reflects a deeper, more pervasive influence of religion beyond formal religious practices.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option incorrectly suggests that religion has become a marginal part of our lives due to increasing bureaucracy, which does not align with the concept of common religion.
Option B: This option correctly identifies that despite the weakening of traditional religious authority, religious beliefs and values still influence everyday life and common sense.
Option C: This option focuses on private religious practices, which does not fully capture the broader influence of religious values in everyday life.
Option D: This option suggests a change in public discussion of religious beliefs, which is not the primary focus of the shift to common religion.

623. The scientific method in the social sciences.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Is hampered by difficulties in attaining objectivity.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, Sociology Exams, Social Science Research Methods Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The scientific method in the social sciences faces challenges due to the subjective nature of human behavior and social interactions.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that the scientific method is equally effective in both natural and social sciences without recognizing the unique challenges in social sciences.

Explanations: The scientific method in the social sciences is often hampered by difficulties in attaining objectivity because human behavior and social interactions are inherently subjective and influenced by numerous variables. Unlike the natural sciences, where experiments can be controlled and replicated with high precision, social sciences deal with complex human behaviors that are influenced by cultural, social, and individual factors. This makes it challenging to achieve the same level of objectivity and control as in the natural sciences.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because the scientific method in the social sciences faces unique challenges that do not allow it to be as effective as in the natural sciences.
Option B: This option is correct because the scientific method in the social sciences is indeed hampered by difficulties in attaining objectivity due to the subjective nature of human behavior and social interactions.
Option C: This option is incorrect because the scientific method in the social sciences does not lead to discoveries about the physical universe; it is more focused on understanding human behavior and social phenomena.
Option D: This option is incorrect because the scientific method in the social sciences is not totally useless; it provides valuable insights and understanding, even though it faces challenges.

624. Set 1:There is no society known where a more or less developed criminality is not found under different forms We must therefore call crime necessary and declare that it cannot be non-existent, that the fundamental conditions of social organization, as they are understood, logically imply it

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Emile Durkheim.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Criminology exams, Social Theory exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Emile Durkheim is known for his sociological theories, particularly his work on the concept of anomie and the idea that crime is a normal part of society.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Durkheim's theories with those of other sociologists, such as Max Weber or W.E.B. Du Bois, who have different focuses in their work.

Explanations: Emile Durkheim argued that crime is a normal and necessary part of society. He believed that crime arises from the conditions of social organization and that it cannot be entirely eliminated. This aligns with the statement that crime is necessary and logically implied by the fundamental conditions of social organization.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Emile Durkheim is the correct answer as his theories align with the statement about the necessity of crime in society.
Option B: Harriet Martineau is a 19th-century sociologist known for her work on gender and society, not specifically on the concept of crime as a necessary part of society.
Option C: W.E.B. Du Bois is known for his work on race and social inequality, not for theories on the necessity of crime in society.
Option D: Max Weber is known for his work on bureaucracy and rationalization, not for theories on the necessity of crime in society.

Mnemonic: Durkheim's Dilemma: Crime is a societal constant.

625. Abnormality or impairment in the function of a specified bodily organ or system.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Dysfunction.

Exam Relevance: MCAT, USMLE, NCLEX

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Dysfunction refers to an abnormality or impairment in the function of a specified bodily organ or system.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse dysfunction with other terms like latent functions or manifest functions, which are related to the unintended and intended consequences of social institutions, not bodily functions.

Explanations: Dysfunction is the correct term for describing an abnormality or impairment in the function of a specified bodily organ or system. This term is used in medical contexts to describe when an organ or system is not performing its normal functions properly.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Dysfunction is the correct term for abnormality or impairment in bodily function.
Option B: Latent functions refer to unintended consequences of social institutions, not bodily functions.
Option C: Functionalism is a sociological perspective, not a term for bodily function impairment.
Option D: Manifest functions refer to intended consequences of social institutions, not bodily functions.

Mnemonic: Dysfunction: "Dys" means bad or abnormal, indicating impaired function.

626. Allows people to see relationships between events in their personal lives and society

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Social imagination.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Work exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Social imagination refers to the ability to understand and visualize the connections between personal experiences and broader social structures and events.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse social imagination with social structure, which focuses more on the organization of society rather than the ability to see connections.

Explanations: Social imagination allows individuals to see how their personal lives are influenced by and influence larger societal trends and events. This concept is crucial for understanding the interplay between individual actions and societal norms, making it the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Multiple causation refers to the idea that multiple factors can cause a single event, which does not directly relate to seeing relationships between personal and societal events.
Option B: Social imagination is the correct answer as it pertains to the ability to see connections between personal experiences and broader social structures.
Option C: Social structure refers to the organized patterns of relationships and institutions in society, which does not directly address the ability to see personal-societal connections.
Option D: Delusion is a false belief that is not based on reality, which is unrelated to the concept of seeing relationships between personal and societal events.

627. Explains that strong bonds between individuals and society reinforce social norms

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Control theory.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Criminology exams, Social Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Control theory posits that strong bonds between individuals and society reinforce social norms and prevent deviant behavior.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse control theory with other sociological theories like labeling theory or anomie, which focus on different aspects of social control and deviance.

Explanations: Control theory emphasizes the role of social bonds in preventing deviance. According to this theory, individuals who have strong ties to society, such as family, friends, and community, are less likely to engage in deviant behavior because these bonds create a sense of obligation to conform to social norms. The bonds act as a deterrent to deviance by providing a sense of belonging and reinforcing the values and expectations of the society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Stigma refers to a mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person, which does not directly relate to the reinforcement of social norms through strong bonds.
Option B: Anomie describes a state of normlessness or a breakdown in social norms, which is the opposite of what control theory suggests.
Option C: Control theory explains that strong bonds between individuals and society reinforce social norms, preventing deviance.
Option D: Labeling theory focuses on how society labels individuals as deviant, which is not directly related to the reinforcement of social norms through strong bonds.

628. Which is NOT a method used when conducting qulitative research?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Questionaires.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Research Methods exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Qualitative research methods focus on understanding concepts, thoughts, or experiences. They involve collecting non-numerical data and often use techniques that allow for in-depth exploration of a topic.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse questionnaires with qualitative methods because they can be used to gather detailed responses. However, questionnaires are typically associated with quantitative research, which involves numerical data and statistical analysis.

Explanations: Questionnaires are not a method used in qualitative research because they are primarily used to collect quantitative data. Qualitative research methods include field studies, case studies, and participant observation, which involve detailed, non-numerical data collection and analysis.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Field studies are a qualitative method that involves observing and collecting data in a natural setting.
Option B: Questionnaires are not a qualitative method; they are used to gather quantitative data through structured questions.
Option C: Case studies are a qualitative method that involves an in-depth analysis of a particular case or situation.
Option D: Participant observation is a qualitative method where the researcher actively participates in the setting to gather data.

629. Which of the following is true regarding culture? (EQ #11)

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Culture is passed down from generation to generation.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Social and Cultural Anthropology

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Culture is a set of learned behaviors, beliefs, values, and customs that are shared by a group of people and are passed down from one generation to the next.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that culture is solely composed of physical artifacts, or that it is genetically inherited.

Explanations: Culture is not genetic; it is learned and shared among members of a society. It includes both tangible artifacts and intangible elements such as beliefs and customs. Therefore, the correct statement is that culture is passed down from generation to generation.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This is the correct statement as culture is indeed transmitted from one generation to the next through learning and socialization.
Option B: This is incorrect because culture includes both physical artifacts and abstract creations such as beliefs and values.
Option C: This is incorrect because culture is not genetic; it is learned and shared.
Option D: This is incorrect because Option A is true.

630. Associations consists of .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Indivisuals.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Associations are formed between individuals who come together for a common purpose or interest.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse associations with rules or laws, which are different concepts.

Explanations: Associations are groups of individuals who come together for a shared purpose or interest. They are not formed by rules, laws, or durability, but rather by the individuals themselves.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Rules are not the basis of associations; they are guidelines that may govern the behavior within an association.
Option B: Associations are formed by individuals who come together for a common purpose or interest.
Option C: Laws are external regulations and not the basis of associations.
Option D: Durability refers to the longevity of an association, not its foundational element.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 63”

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 63”

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