sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

651. Many cultures coming together to form one culture is known as:

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Melting Pot.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Geography, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The term "melting pot" refers to a society or culture that is composed of many different ethnicities, nationalities, or cultural backgrounds that blend together to form a single, cohesive culture.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse "melting pot" with "multiculturalism," which refers to the coexistence of multiple distinct cultures within a society without necessarily blending into a single culture.

Explanations: The term "melting pot" is used to describe a society where various cultures come together and blend into a single, unified culture. This concept emphasizes the idea of integration and assimilation, where different cultural elements mix and merge to form a new, homogeneous culture.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A subgroup is a smaller group within a larger group, not a description of cultural integration.
Option B: A counterculture is a subculture that opposes the dominant culture, not a description of cultural integration.
Option C: The melting pot describes the blending of different cultures into a single, cohesive culture.
Option D: Multiculturalism refers to the coexistence of multiple distinct cultures within a society, not their blending into one.

Mnemonic: Think of a melting pot as a recipe where all ingredients blend into one dish.

652. According to sociologist Max Weber,

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Class systems are based on three dimensions of stratification: class, power, and prestige.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Max Weber's theory of social stratification posits that class, power, and prestige are the three dimensions that determine an individual's position in society.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse Weber's theory with Karl Marx's theory, which focuses primarily on class based on ownership of the means of production.

Explanations: Max Weber argued that social stratification is not solely based on economic class but also includes power and prestige. Class refers to an individual's economic position, power refers to the ability to influence others, and prestige refers to the respect and admiration one receives from others. This three-dimensional approach provides a more comprehensive understanding of social stratification.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This is the correct answer as it accurately reflects Weber's theory of social stratification.
Option B: This option reflects Karl Marx's theory of class, not Weber's.
Option C: This option describes the Marxist concept of the proletariat overthrowing the bourgeoisie, which is not related to Weber's theory.
Option D: This option is incorrect as Weber's theory acknowledges the existence of social stratification.

653. A change in occupation within the same class

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Horizontal mobility.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Horizontal mobility refers to a change in occupation or job within the same social class.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse horizontal mobility with vertical mobility, which involves a change in social class.

Explanations: Horizontal mobility involves a change in occupation or job within the same social class. This means that while the individual may change their job or profession, they remain within the same social class. The term "horizontal" indicates that the change is lateral, not up or down the social hierarchy.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Social mobility refers to any change in social position, which can be either horizontal or vertical.
Option B: Horizontal mobility is the correct term for a change in occupation within the same class.
Option C: Vertical mobility involves a change in social class, either upward or downward.
Option D: Intergenerational mobility refers to changes in social class between generations.

Mnemonic: H for Horizontal, H for Holding the same class.

654. If labour market changes may lead to the rise of an occupational group within the social hierarchy it is.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Structural mobility.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Economics exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Structural mobility refers to changes in the social hierarchy due to shifts in the structure of the economy or society, such as changes in the labour market.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse structural mobility with other types of mobility, such as intergenerational or intragenerational mobility, which are related to changes within or between generations.

Explanations: Structural mobility occurs when changes in the labour market or economy lead to shifts in the social hierarchy. For example, if a new industry emerges and creates new job opportunities, this can elevate the social status of workers in that industry. This type of mobility is driven by external changes in the economic structure rather than individual or generational factors.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Structural mobility is the correct term for changes in social hierarchy due to shifts in the labour market or economy.
Option B: Incorrect. Inter generational mobility refers to changes in social status between generations, not due to labour market changes.
Option C: Incorrect. Intra-generational mobility refers to changes in social status within a single generation, not due to labour market changes.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as the correct answer is provided.

655. The study and comparative analysis of preliterate societies is one of the chief concerns of.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Anthropology.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Social Sciences exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Anthropology is the study of human societies and cultures, including preliterate societies.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse anthropology with sociology, which focuses more on contemporary societies and social structures.

Explanations: Anthropology is the study of human societies and cultures, including the comparative analysis of preliterate societies. This field encompasses the study of human behavior, cultural practices, and social structures across different time periods and geographical locations. The comparative analysis of preliterate societies is a key aspect of cultural anthropology, which seeks to understand the diversity of human cultures and the ways in which they have developed over time.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Sociology focuses on contemporary societies and social structures, not preliterate societies.
Option B: Psychology is the study of human behavior and mental processes, not the comparative analysis of preliterate societies.
Option C: Anthropology is the correct field that studies and compares preliterate societies.
Option D: History focuses on the study of past events and societies, but not specifically on the comparative analysis of preliterate societies.

656. Medicine from outside, critical approach of medicine power and uses sociological theory to study the healthcare system

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Sociology OF medicine.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Public Health exams, Medical Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Sociology of medicine is a subfield that examines the social aspects of healthcare, including the power dynamics, uses, and impacts of medical practices and institutions.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse "Sociology of medicine" with "Sociology in medicine," which focuses more on applying sociological methods within medical practice rather than studying the healthcare system as a whole.

Explanations: Sociology of medicine critically analyzes the healthcare system using sociological theories. It examines the power dynamics, the social construction of health and illness, and the broader societal impacts of medical practices. This approach is distinct from merely applying sociological methods within medical practice, which would be more aligned with "Sociology in medicine."

Option Analysis:

Option A: Sociology of medicine is the correct answer as it involves a critical approach to studying the healthcare system using sociological theories.
Option B: Social sciences approach is too broad and does not specifically address the critical analysis of the healthcare system.
Option C: Sociology in medicine focuses on applying sociological methods within medical practice, not the broader critical analysis of the healthcare system.
Option D: Types of poverty is unrelated to the study of healthcare systems and sociological theories.

657. New urbanism was a movement started in 1980s decreasing dependency on.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Vehicular transportation.

Exam Relevance: Urban Planning Exams, Architecture Exams, Civil Engineering Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: New Urbanism is an urban design movement that promotes walkable neighborhoods and mixed-use development to reduce reliance on cars.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse New Urbanism with other urban planning movements that do not specifically target vehicular dependency.

Explanations: New Urbanism aims to decrease dependency on vehicular transportation by designing communities that are walkable, with mixed-use developments that combine residential, commercial, and recreational spaces. This approach encourages residents to walk or use public transportation, thereby reducing the need for personal vehicles.

Option Analysis:

Option A: New Urbanism does not focus on decreasing dependency on each other. It aims to foster community interaction but does not reduce social dependency.
Option B: New Urbanism specifically targets reducing reliance on cars by promoting walkable communities and mixed-use developments.
Option C: New Urbanism does not focus on decreasing dependency on the state. It is more about urban design and community planning.
Option D: This option is incorrect as vehicular transportation is the correct answer.

Mnemonic: Walk, Mix, Reduce Cars (WMRC)

658. One purpose of education is to help students acquire the skills they need to be successful in society This is an example of a(n)

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Manifest function.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, IB Sociology, High School Sociology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A manifest function is a recognized and intended consequence of an institution or social pattern.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse manifest functions with latent functions, which are unintended consequences.

Explanations: The purpose of education to help students acquire skills for societal success is a recognized and intended outcome. This aligns with the definition of a manifest function, which refers to the intended and recognized consequences of an institution.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Constructed reality is a concept related to how individuals perceive and construct their understanding of the world, not a function of education.
Option B: Latent functions are unintended consequences, which do not apply to the intended purpose of education.
Option C: Manifest functions are intended and recognized consequences, which accurately describes the purpose of education to help students acquire skills for societal success.
Option D: Entrenched function is not a recognized sociological term in this context.

659. Pluralist theories suggest that.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Political parties must compete for the votes of consumers in the electorate.

Exam Relevance: Political Science Exams, Sociology Exams, Public Administration Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Pluralist theories emphasize the idea that political power is distributed among various groups and interests within society, rather than concentrated in the hands of a single elite. This distribution of power leads to competition among political parties to attract and win the support of voters.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse pluralist theories with elite theories, which suggest that power is concentrated in the hands of a few individuals or groups.

Explanations: Pluralist theories suggest that political parties must compete for the votes of consumers in the electorate. This is because pluralism posits that power is distributed among various groups and interests, and no single group can dominate. Therefore, political parties must appeal to a broad range of voters to gain support and influence.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because pluralist theories do not focus on the administrative structures of the state but rather on the distribution of power among various groups.
Option B: This option is incorrect because pluralist theories do not specifically address the class backgrounds of the ruling elite. Instead, they focus on the competition among various groups for political influence.
Option C: This option is correct because pluralist theories emphasize the competition among political parties to win the support of voters, reflecting the idea that power is distributed among various groups.
Option D: This option is incorrect because pluralist theories do not suggest a close alignment between class background and party preference. Instead, they highlight the diversity of interests and the competition among groups.

660. The term "survival of the fittest" which is a principle part of the concept of Social Darwinism, was coined by who?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Herbert Spencer.

Exam Relevance: AP European History, GRE, MCAT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The term "survival of the fittest" is a key concept in Social Darwinism, which was coined by Herbert Spencer.

Common Mistakes: Students often mistakenly attribute the term "survival of the fittest" to Charles Darwin, who is more closely associated with the theory of natural selection.

Explanations: Herbert Spencer, a British philosopher and sociologist, introduced the phrase "survival of the fittest" in his 1864 publication "Principles of Biology." This term was used to describe the process of natural selection in a social context, which later became a cornerstone of Social Darwinism. Charles Darwin, while he used the term "natural selection," did not coin "survival of the fittest."

Option Analysis:

Option A: Charles Darwin did not coin the term "survival of the fittest," although he is known for the theory of natural selection.
Option B: Karl Marx is associated with Marxism, not Social Darwinism.
Option C: August Comte is known for positivism, not Social Darwinism.
Option D: Herbert Spencer is the correct attribution for the term "survival of the fittest."

Mnemonic: SOS: Spencer Originated Survival (of the fittest)

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 66”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 66”

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